scholarly journals Editorial: Avian Muscle Development and Growth Mechanisms: Association With Muscle Myopathies and Meat Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra G. Velleman ◽  
Massimiliano Petracci
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Avian Muscle

scholarly journals Key Genes Regulating Skeletal Muscle Development and Growth in Farm Animals

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 835
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Mohammadabadi ◽  
Farhad Bordbar ◽  
Just Jensen ◽  
Min Du ◽  
Wei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Development ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Myogenic Regulatory Factor

Farm-animal species play crucial roles in satisfying demands for meat on a global scale, and they are genetically being developed to enhance the efficiency of meat production. In particular, one of the important breeders’ aims is to increase skeletal muscle growth in farm animals. The enhancement of muscle development and growth is crucial to meet consumers’ demands regarding meat quality. Fetal skeletal muscle development involves myogenesis (with myoblast proliferation, differentiation, and fusion), fibrogenesis, and adipogenesis. Typically, myogenesis is regulated by a convoluted network of intrinsic and extrinsic factors monitored by myogenic regulatory factor genes in two or three phases, as well as genes that code for kinases. Marker-assisted selection relies on candidate genes related positively or negatively to muscle development and can be a strong supplement to classical selection strategies in farm animals. This comprehensive review covers important (candidate) genes that regulate muscle development and growth in farm animals (cattle, sheep, chicken, and pig). The identification of these genes is an important step toward the goal of increasing meat yields and improves meat quality.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Proteomic Characterization of the Pectoralis Major at Three Chronological Ages in Beijing-You Chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Jing Cao ◽  
Ailian Geng ◽  
Haihong Wang ◽  
Qin Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Oocyte Meiosis

Chronological age is one of the important factors influencing muscle development and meat quality in chickens. To evaluate the protein expression profiles during skeletal muscle development, we performed a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomic strategy in pectoralis major (breast muscle) of Beijing-You chicken (BYC) at the chronological age of 90, 120, and 150 days. Each chronological age contained 3 pooling samples or 15 birds (five birds per pooling sample). A total of 1,413 proteins were identified in chicken breast muscle with FDR < 1% and 197 of them were differentially expressed (fold change ≥1.2 or ≤0.83 and p < 0.05). There were 110 up- and 71 down-regulated proteins in 120 d vs 90 d group, 13 up- and 10 down-regulated proteins in 150 d vs 120 d group. The proteomic profiles of BYC at 120 d were very similar to those at 150 d and highly different from those at 90 d, suggesting that 120 d might be an important chronological age for BYC. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses indicated that these differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in the pathway of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, focal adhesion, oocyte meiosis and phagosome. Furthermore, some DEPs were quantified using parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) to validate the results from TMT analysis. In summary, these results provided some candidate protein-coding genes for further functional validation and contribute to a comprehensive understanding of muscle development and age-dependent meat quality regulation by proteins in chickens.

The effect of maternal undernutrition on muscle fibre type in the newborn lamb

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 60-60
Author(s):  
A.J. Fahey ◽  
J.M. Brameld ◽  
T. Parr ◽  
P.J. Buttery
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Muscle Fibre Type ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
General Hypothesis ◽  
Maternal Undernutrition

Muscle fibre type can influence meat quality (Maltinet al1997). Muscle fibre formation occurs during gestation and in the sheep the total number of fibres in a muscle is essentially fixed at birth. (Ashmereet al1972). Postnatal growth of muscle is entirely due to elongation and widening of the existing muscle fibres. Therefore the gestational period is important in the long-term growth potential of the animal. By investigating changes in muscle fibre type, the aim of this study was to test the general hypothesis that the poor carcass quality sometimes seen in ruminant animals may be due to poor nutrition at strategic time points during the animal’s development. As agricultural practices continue to become more extensive, variation in the nutrient supply to the animal is becoming more common. Therefore it is important to understand the effect of any changes in nutrient supply to the mother, during gestation on the subsequent muscle development of the fetus and ultimately the effects on meat quality.

The relationships of collagen and ADAMTS2 expressionlevels with meat quality traits in cattle

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. H. Zhang ◽  
H. .Liao ◽  
Y. X. Qi ◽  
Y. Q. Wang ◽  
Y. Z. Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Dorsi Muscle

Extracellular matrix (ECM) is the major macromolecule in skeletal muscle, and collagen is main component of ECM surrounding muscle fiber and adipocyte, which affect meat quality greatly. The remodeling of ECM is regulated by matrix metalloproteinases, such as ADAMTS2, which is essential for the maturation of triple helical collagen fibrils in body. The expression patterns of COL1A1, COL2A1, COL3A1 and ADAMTS2 in longissimus dorsi muscle were explored by qRT-PCR and results indicated that the expression levels of COL1A1, COL3A1 and ADAMTS2 were significantly higher at 3 and 24 month, while significantly lower at 12 and 30 month. The expression of ADAMTS2 and COL1A1 had significant positive relationships with intramuscular fat content, while expression of COL3A1 had significant positive relationship with shearing force and water holding capacity in cattle. The expression levels of collagen and ADAMTS2 were significantly higher in mesenteric fat, mammary fat pad and subcutaneous fat than in longissimus dorsi muscle, biceps femoris and infraspinitus tissues. The expressions levels of COL1A1, COL3A1 and ADAMTS2 were significantly lower in marbling fat than in other fat tissues. This study indicated that the expression of collagen and ADAMTS2 had important effects on postnatal skeletal muscle development and meat quality.

Production, carcass and meat quality traits of F2-crosses between European Wild Pigs and domestic pigs including halothane gene carriers

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lundström ◽  
A. Karlsson ◽  
J. Håkansson ◽  
I. Hansson ◽  
M. Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Calcium Release ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Calcium Release Channel ◽  
Release Channel ◽  
Wild Pig

AbstractA pedigree originally designed for pig genome mapping was used in order to study carcass and muscle development as well as meat quality of F2-crosses between the European Wild Pig and the domestic Large White pig (no. = 191). As a marker for the influence of genes inherited from the ‘wild’ and domestic grandparents, grouping based on the length of the small intestine was used. The pigs were also typed for genetic polymorphism at the calcium release channel (CRO locus controlling halothane susceptibility in pigs, and one of the Wild boars was found to be a carrier of the halothane mutation. At assessment, the carcasses were divided into cuts, the back and ham were defatted, and m. longissimus dorsi and the large muscles of the ham were weighed separately.Wlien grouped according to length of the small intestine, those animals with a short small intestine were more similar to Wild Pig, e.g. they were older at slaughter and had a slower growth rate than the other group. Their carcasses contained less lean meat, more flare fat and more subcutaneous fat. No difference in meat quality could be discerned between the groups, except for a tendency to greater pigment content and higher shear force value in the group with a short small intestine.The effect of the halothane mutation at the CRC locus was very prominent, although no animals had the gene in homozygous form. Carriers of the gene were leaner and had a higher reflectance value, lower water-holding capacity, lower pHu, higher protein denaturation and higher shear force value.

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