scholarly journals The Role of the Gut Microbiome on Skeletal Muscle Mass and Physical Function: 2019 Update

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Lustgarten
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass

scholarly journals Expression Levels of Long Non-Coding RNAs Change in Models of Altered Muscle Activity and Muscle Mass

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Hitachi ◽  
Masashi Nakatani ◽  
Shiori Funasaki ◽  
Ikumi Hijikata ◽  
Mizuki Maekawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Myostatin Gene ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Skeletal muscle is a highly plastic organ that is necessary for homeostasis and health of the human body. The size of skeletal muscle changes in response to intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli. Although protein-coding RNAs including myostatin, NF-κβ, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), have pivotal roles in determining the skeletal muscle mass, the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass remains to be elucidated. Here, we performed expression profiling of nine skeletal muscle differentiation-related lncRNAs (DRR, DUM1, linc-MD1, linc-YY1, LncMyod, Neat1, Myoparr, Malat1, and SRA) and three genomic imprinting-related lncRNAs (Gtl2, H19, and IG-DMR) in mouse skeletal muscle. The expression levels of these lncRNAs were examined by quantitative RT-PCR in six skeletal muscle atrophy models (denervation, casting, tail suspension, dexamethasone-administration, cancer cachexia, and fasting) and two skeletal muscle hypertrophy models (mechanical overload and deficiency of the myostatin gene). Cluster analyses of these lncRNA expression levels were successfully used to categorize the muscle atrophy models into two sub-groups. In addition, the expression of Gtl2, IG-DMR, and DUM1 was altered along with changes in the skeletal muscle size. The overview of the expression levels of lncRNAs in multiple muscle atrophy and hypertrophy models provides a novel insight into the role of lncRNAs in determining the skeletal muscle mass.

scholarly journals β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate and its impact on skeletal muscle mass and physical function in clinical practice: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 1119-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle E Bear ◽  
Anne Langan ◽  
Eirini Dimidi ◽  
Liesl Wandrag ◽  
Stephen D R Harridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Clinical Conditions

ABSTRACT Background Loss of skeletal muscle mass and muscle weakness are common in a variety of clinical conditions with both wasting and weakness associated with an impairment of physical function. β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a nutrition supplement that has been shown to favorably influence muscle protein turnover and thus potentially plays a role in ameliorating skeletal muscle wasting and weakness. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of HMB alone, or supplements containing HMB, on skeletal muscle mass and physical function in a variety of clinical conditions characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass and weakness. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials reporting outcomes of muscle mass, strength, and physical function was performed. Two reviewers independently performed screening, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment. Outcome data were synthesized through meta-analysis with the use of a random-effects model and data presented as standardized mean differences (SMDs). Results Fifteen randomized controlled trials were included, involving 2137 patients. Meta-analysis revealed some evidence to support the effect of HMB alone, or supplements containing HMB, on increasing skeletal muscle mass (SMD = 0.25; 95% CI: –0.00, 0.50; z = 1.93; P = 0.05; I2 = 58%) and strong evidence to support improving muscle strength (SMD = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.50; z = 3.25; P = 0.001; I2 = 0%). Effect sizes were small. No effect on bodyweight (SMD = 0.16; 95% CI: –0.08, 0.41; z = 1.34; P = 0.18; I2 = 67%) or any other outcome was found. No study was considered to have low risk of bias in all categories. Conclusion HMB, and supplements containing HMB, increased muscle mass and strength in a variety of clinical conditions, although the effect size was small. Given the bias associated with many of the included studies, further high-quality studies should be undertaken to enable interpretation and translation into clinical practice. The trial was registered on PROSPERO as CRD42017058517.

scholarly journals Longevity and skeletal muscle mass: the role of IGF signalling, the sirtuins, dietary restriction and protein intake

Aging Cell ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam P. Sharples ◽  
David C. Hughes ◽  
Colleen S. Deane ◽  
Amarjit Saini ◽  
Colin Selman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass

scholarly journals Effects of daily 1,000-IU vitamin D-fortified milk intake on skeletal muscle mass, power, physical function and nutrition status in Japanese

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3.4) ◽  
pp. 249-255
Author(s):  
Yasushi Matsuura ◽  
Teruhiro Morishita ◽  
Michiko Sato ◽  
Nami Sumida ◽  
Takafumi Katayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Milk Intake ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Fortified Milk

scholarly journals Impact of Sarcopenia as a Prognostic Biomarker of Bladder Cancer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Fukushima ◽  
Kosuke Takemura ◽  
Hiroaki Suzuki ◽  
Fumitaka Koga
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status ◽  
Lack Of Exercise ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Sarcopenia, the degenerative and systemic loss of skeletal muscle mass, indicates patient frailty and impaired physical function. Sarcopenia can be caused by multiple factors, including advanced age, lack of exercise, poor nutritional status, inflammatory diseases, endocrine diseases, and malignancies. Recently, growing evidence has indicated the importance of sarcopenia in the management of patients with various cancers. Sarcopenia is associated with not only higher rates of treatment-related complications but also worse prognosis in cancer-bearing patients. In this article, we conducted a systematic literature review regarding the significance of sarcopenia as a prognostic biomarker of bladder cancer. We also reviewed recent studies focusing on the prognostic role of changes in skeletal muscle mass during the course of treatment in bladder cancer patients.

scholarly journals WITHDRAWN (By Publisher): Letter to the Editor: Protective Role of Skeletal Muscle Mass Against Progression From Metabolically Healthy to Unhealthy Phenotype

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. W1-W3
Author(s):  
Jean-Christophe Lagacé ◽  
Dominic Tremblay ◽  
Jasmine Paquin ◽  
Alexis Marcotte-Chénard ◽  
Eléonor Riesco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Letter To The Editor ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Study investigating the role of skeletal muscle mass estimation in metastatic spinal cord compression

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2150-2155 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Gakhar ◽  
A. Dhillon ◽  
J. Blackwell ◽  
K. Hussain ◽  
R. Bommireddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Mass Estimation
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