scholarly journals Strong Evidence for an Intraspecific Metabolic Scaling Coefficient Near 0.89 in Fish

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Jerde ◽  
Krista Kraskura ◽  
Erika J. Eliason ◽  
Samantha R. Csik ◽  
Adrian C. Stier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Metabolic Scaling ◽  
Scaling Coefficient

Concurrent Electrodermal and Eyeblink Conditioning With Masked and Unmasked Stimuli

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
José Luis Marcos ◽  
Azahara Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Unconditioned Stimulus ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
Noise Burst ◽  
Conditioning Phase ◽  
Contingency Awareness ◽  
Blank Screen ◽  
Neutral Face ◽  
Fearful Face

Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine if contingency awareness between the conditioned (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) is necessary for concurrent electrodermal and eyeblink conditioning to masked stimuli. An angry woman’s face (CS+) and a fearful face (CS−) were presented for 23 milliseconds (ms) and followed by a neutral face as a mask. A 98 dB noise burst (US) was administered 477 ms after CS+ offset to elicit both electrodermal and eyeblink responses. For the unmasking conditioning a 176 ms blank screen was inserted between the CS and the mask. Contingency awareness was assessed using trial-by-trial ratings of US-expectancy in a post-conditioning phase. The results showed acquisition of differential electrodermal and eyeblink conditioning in aware, but not in unaware participants. Acquisition of differential eyeblink conditioning required more trials than electrodermal conditioning. These results provided strong evidence of the causal role of contingency awareness on differential eyeblink and electrodermal conditioning.

BLOCKADE OF THE SURGE OF PROLACTIN AT PRO-OESTRUS BY ADMINISTRATION OF ANTI-OESTROGENIC SUBSTANCE, MER-25

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Yokoyama ◽  
Hiroshi Tomogane ◽  
Katuaki Ôta
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand

ABSTRACT A non-steroidal oestrogen antagonist, MER-25, was administered to cycling rats for elucidating the role of oestrogen in the surge of prolactin observed on the afternoon of pro-oestrus (POe). In animals injected with 20 mg of MER-25 intramuscularly on the afternoon (16.30 h) of the first day of dioestrus (D-1), the surge of prolactin was blocked while the level of prolactin on the afternoon of POe of these animals was significantly higher than that of the corresponding controls injected with oil. Ovulation was also blocked in these animals treated with the drug on the afternoon of D-l. On the other hand, treatment on the morning (10.30 h) of the 2nd day of dioestrus failed to prevent not only the surge of prolactin but also ovulation. These observations provide strong evidence for the view that oestrogen is responsible for the surge of prolactin on the afternoon of POe, and that the surge is accompanied by that of LH.

The Sustainable Debts of Philip II

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Drelichman ◽  
Hans-Joachim Voth
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Military Expenditure ◽  
Debt Service ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Philip Ii ◽  
Long Run

This chapter addresses the sustainability of debt. A systematic analysis based on the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) methodology to evaluate fiscal sustainability shows that Castile was able to service its debts in the long run. While liquidity was scarce during periods of intense warfare, years of relative peace brought large surpluses. The data collected from Castile's annual fiscal accounts produced new yearly series of revenue, military expenditure, short-term debt issues, and short-term debt service. The resulting database spans a full 31-year period—enough to employ modern quantitative techniques. This analysis provides strong evidence that Castile's fiscal position in the second half of the sixteenth century was on a solid footing. The chapter then assesses whether the events that led to major downturns in Castile's financial fortunes could have been anticipated.

Konsep Asbāb Al-Nuzūl Menurut Nashr Hamid Abu Zayd

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-118
Author(s):  
Shidqy Munjin
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
The Relationship

This article aims to examine the concept of asbāb al-nuzul which has been misunderstood by ulama and thus produces misleading conclusions. The results of this study indicate that Abu Zayd's criticism of the established concept of asbāb al-nuzūl in the ‘ulūm Al-Qurān was focused on the problem of the relation between the text and realities. According to him, the study of the first scholars was too focused on the Koran itself and the Prophet's person as the recipient of revelation, but they forgot the community around the Prophet which was the most important element of reality that existed at that time. Whereas for Abu Zayd, the existence of asbāb al-nuzūl is strong evidence to show the relationship and dialectic between text and reality. To elaborate on his conception, Abu Zayd elaborated on four basic problems, namely regarding the reasons for the Al-Qur'an's a gradual descent, the gradual model of decline, the concept of Dalāllah in understanding a verse and its relation to asbāb al-nuzūl and finally on how to determine asbāb al-nuzūl.

PHASAL REALIZATIONS IN CLASSROOM DISCOURSE A Systemic-Functional Analysis

TABULARASA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasyuli Simbolon
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Classroom Discourse ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Classroom Interactions ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Primary Instrument

This article examines the phasal realizations characteristic of the classroom discourse. The data are collected by means of audio-visual recordings and transcriptions, and they are analyzed by employing a complementary method of analysis of Young’s model. The primary instrument of this study is the researcher herself, whereas the secondary instruments are (1) classification schemes of the semiotic aspect in focus, (2) data sheets that contain 4 classroom discourse-in-texts, and (3) notes on each classroom discourse-in-text. The findings reveal that the CD-in-text as a whole is typically realized and characterized by the following: (1) Substantiation (SU) as the most prominent macro-function and the Conclusion (CO) as the least prominent, (2) the Interchange (IC) as the most prominent micro-function and the Apology (AP) as the least prominent. Based on the main findings, there is strong evidence to suggest that the ‘semiotic behavior’ of the CD-in-text as a whole is motivated by the goal-oriented need, and the goal to achieve has tended to be more academic-oriented than social-oriented. In this, the teachers as the primary speakers of the classroom interactions have tended to focus on the transformation of intellectual values (academic knowledge/skills) with the least social values involved therein. The most prominently occurring SU macro-function and IC micro-function are clear indicators of this endeavor. The scope and the objectives of this study have been delimited to investigate CD phenomena at the levels of phase and sub-phase.

Autosomal Recessive Non-syndromic Keratoconus: Homozygous Frameshift Variant in the Candidate Novel Gene GALNT14

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 683-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawfiq Froukh ◽  
Ammar Hawwari
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Genetic Contribution ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Consanguineous Family ◽  
Truncated Protein ◽  
Threonine Residue ◽  
Whole Exome

Background: Keratoconus (KC) is usually bilateral, noninflammatory progressive corneal ectasia in which the cornea becomes progressively thin and conical. Despite the strong evidence of genetic contribution in KC, the etiology of KC is not understood in most cases. Methods: In this study, we used whole-exome sequencing to identify the genetic cause of KC in two sibs in a consanguineous family. The Homozygous frameshift variant NM_001253826.1:c.60delC;p.Leu21Cysfs*6 was identified in the gene Nacetylgalactosaminyltransferase 14 (GALNT14). The variant does not exist in all public databases neither in our internal exome database. Moreover, no database harbours homozygous loss of function variants in the candidate gene. Result: GALNT14 catalyses the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D- galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on target proteins especially Mucins. Conclusion: As alterations of mucin’s glycosylation are linked to a number of eye diseases, we demonstrate in this study an association between the truncated protein GALNT14 and KC.

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