scholarly journals Identification, Expression Patterns and RNA Interference of Aquaporins in Dendroctonus armandi (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) Larvae During Overwintering

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danyang Fu ◽  
Lulu Dai ◽  
Haiming Gao ◽  
Yaya Sun ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Expression Patterns

scholarly journals Analysis of maxillopedia Expression Pattern and Larval Cuticular Phenotype in Wild-Type and Mutant Tribolium

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 155 (2) ◽  
pp. 721-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa D Shippy ◽  
Jianhua Guo ◽  
Susan J Brown ◽  
Richard W Beeman ◽  
Robin E Denell
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Homeotic Gene ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Double Stranded Rna ◽  
Similar Expression ◽  
Mutant Phenotypes

Abstract The Tribolium castaneum homeotic gene maxillopedia (mxp) is the ortholog of Drosophila proboscipedia (pb). Here we describe and classify available mxp alleles. Larvae lacking all mxp function die soon after hatching, exhibiting strong transformations of maxillary and labial palps to legs. Hypomorphic mxp alleles produce less severe transformations to leg. RNA interference with maxillopedia double-stranded RNA results in phenocopies of mxp mutant phenotypes ranging from partial to complete transformations. A number of gain-of-function (GOF) mxp alleles have been isolated based on transformations of adult antennae and/or legs toward palps. Finally, we have characterized the mxp expression pattern in wild-type and mutant embryos. In normal embryos, mxp is expressed in the maxillary and labial segments, whereas ectopic expression is observed in some GOF variants. Although mxp and Pb display very similar expression patterns, pb null embryos develop normally. The mxp mutant larval phenotype in Tribolium is consistent with the hypothesis that an ancestral pb-like gene had an embryonic function that was lost in the lineage leading to Drosophila.

scholarly journals Gene co-expression networks identify novel candidate genes for moulting and development in the Atlantic salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoran Zhou ◽  
Christiane Eichner ◽  
Frank Nilsen ◽  
Inge Jonassen ◽  
Michael Dondrup
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Rna Interference ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Lepeophtheirus Salmonis ◽  
Salmon Louse ◽  
Transcription Factor Genes ◽  
Regulatory Impact

Background: The salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) is an obligate ectoparasitic copepod, living on Atlantic salmon and other salmonids in the marine environment. Salmon lice cause a number of environmental problems and lead to large economical losses in aquaculture every year. In order to develop novel parasite control strategies, a better understanding of the mechanisms of moulting and development of the salmon louse at the transcriptional level is required. Methods: Three weighted gene co-expression networks were constructed based on the pairwise correlations of salmon louse gene expression profiles at different life stages. Network-based approaches and gene annotation information were applied to identify genes that might be important for the moulting and development of the salmon louse. RNA interference was performed for validation. Regulatory impact factors were calculated for all the transcription factor genes by examining the changes in co-expression patterns between transcription factor genes and deferentially expressed genes in middle stages and moulting stages. Results: Eight gene modules were predicted as important, and 10 genes from six of the eight modules have been found to show observable phenotypes in RNA interference experiments. We knocked down five hub genes from three modules and observed phenotypic consequences in all experiments. In the infection trial, no copepodids with the RAB1A-like gene knocked down were found on fish, while control samples developed to chalimus-1 larvae. Also, a FOXO-like gene obtained highest scores in the regulatory impact factor calculation. Conclusions: We propose a gene co-expression network-based approach to identify genes playing an important role in the moulting and development of salmon louse. The RNA interference experiments confirmed the effectiveness of our approach and demonstrated the indispensable role of RAB1A-like gene in the development of salmon louse. In addition to salmon louse, this approach could be generalized to identify important genes associated with a phenotype of interest in other organisms.

scholarly journals Characterization, expression patterns, and transcriptional responses of three core RNA interference pathway genes from Ostrinia nubilalis

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 104181
Author(s):  
Anastasia M.W. Cooper ◽  
Huifang Song ◽  
Xuekai Shi ◽  
Zhitao Yu ◽  
Marcé Lorenzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Transcriptional Responses

scholarly journals A Clip Domain Serine Protease Involved in Egg Production in Nilaparvata lugens: Expression Patterns and RNA Interference

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-min Wu ◽  
Rong-er Zheng ◽  
Rui-juan Zhang ◽  
Jin-liang Ji ◽  
Xiao-ping Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Serine Protease ◽  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Serine Protease Domain

Clip domain serine proteases play vital roles in various innate immune functions and in embryonic development. Nilaparvata lugens proclotting enzymes (NlPCEs) belong to this protease family. NlPCE1 was reported to be involved in innate immunity, whereas the role of other NlPCEs is unclear. In the present study, N. lugens proclotting enzyme-3 (NlPCE3) was cloned and characterized. NlPCE3 contains a signal peptide, a clip domain, and a trypsin-like serine protease domain. NlPCE3 was expressed in all tissues examined (gut, fat body, and ovary), and at all developmental stages. Immunofluorescence staining showed that NlPCE3 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm and cytomembrane of follicular cells. Double stranded NlPCE3 RNA interference clearly inhibited the expression of NlPCE3, resulting in abnormal egg formation and obstruction of ovulation. These results indicate that NlPCE3 plays an important role in egg production in N. lugens.

scholarly journals A novel approach to co-expression network analysis identifies modules and genes relevant for moulting and development in the Atlantic salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoran Zhou ◽  
Christiane Eichner ◽  
Frank Nilsen ◽  
Inge Jonassen ◽  
Michael Dondrup
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Rna Interference ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Lepeophtheirus Salmonis ◽  
Salmon Louse ◽  
Transcription Factor Genes ◽  
Regulatory Impact

Abstract Background The salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) is an obligate ectoparasitic copepod living on Atlantic salmon and other salmonids in the marine environment. Salmon lice cause a number of environmental problems and lead to large economical losses in aquaculture every year. In order to develop novel parasite control strategies, a better understanding of the mechanisms of moulting and development of the salmon louse at the transcriptional level is required. Methods Three weighted gene co-expression networks were constructed based on the pairwise correlations of salmon louse gene expression profiles at different life stages. Network-based approaches and gene annotation information were applied to identify genes that might be important for the moulting and development of the salmon louse. RNA interference was performed for validation. Regulatory impact factors were calculated for all the transcription factor genes by examining the changes in co-expression patterns between transcription factor genes and deferentially expressed genes in middle stages and moulting stages. Results Eight gene modules were predicted as important, and 10 genes from six of the eight modules have been found to show observable phenotypes in RNA interference experiments. We knocked down five hub genes from three modules and observed phenotypic consequences in all experiments. In the infection trial, no copepodids with a RAB1A-like gene knocked down were found on fish, while control samples developed to chalimus-1 larvae. Also, a FOXO-like transcription factor obtained highest scores in the regulatory impact factor calculation. Conclusions We propose a gene co-expression network-based approach to identify genes playing an important role in the moulting and development of salmon louse. The RNA interference experiments confirm the effectiveness of our approach and demonstrated the indispensable role of a RAB1A-like gene in the development of the salmon louse. We propose that our approach could be generalized to identify important genes associated with a phenotype of interest in other organisms.

scholarly journals Development of the Pre-gnathal Segments in the Milkweed Bug Oncopeltus fasciatus Suggests They Are Not Serial Homologs of Trunk Segments

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oren Lev ◽  
Ariel D. Chipman
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Gene Function ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Oncopeltus Fasciatus ◽  
Segment Polarity Genes ◽  
Hemimetabolous Insect ◽  
Segment Polarity ◽  
And Function ◽  
Trunk Segments

The three anterior-most segments in arthropods contain the ganglia that make up the arthropod brain. These segments, the pre-gnathal segments (PGS), are known to exhibit many developmental differences to other segments, believed to reflect their divergent morphology. We have analyzed the expression and function of the genes involved in the conserved segment-polarity network, including genes from the Wnt and Hedgehog pathways, in the PGS, compared with the trunk segments, in the hemimetabolous insect Oncopeltus fasciatus. Gene function was tested by manipulating expression through RNA interference against components of the two pathways. We show that there are fundamental differences in the expression patterns of the segment polarity genes, in the timing of their expression and in the interactions among them in the process of pre-gnathal segment generation, relative to all other segments. We argue that given these differences, the PGS should not be considered serially homologous to trunk segments. This realization raises important questions about the differing evolutionary ancestry of different regions of the arthropod head.

scholarly journals An Ascovirus-Encoded RNase III Autoregulates Its Expression and Suppresses RNA Interference-Mediated Gene Silencing

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 3624-3630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazhar Hussain ◽  
Alexander M. Abraham ◽  
Sassan Asgari
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Green Fluorescent Protein Gene ◽  
Virus Species ◽  
Rnase Iii ◽  
Reading Frame

ABSTRACT RNase III proteins play vital roles in processing of several types of RNA molecules and gene silencing. Recently, it has been discovered that some plant and animal viruses encode RNase III-like proteins as well. Genome sequencing of four virus species belonging to the Ascoviridae family has revealed sequence conservation of an RNase III open reading frame among the viruses. These have not been explored in ascoviruses, and therefore their role in host-virus interaction is unknown. Here, we confirmed expression of Heliothis virescens ascovirus (HvAV-3e) open reading frame 27 (orf27) that encodes an RNase III-like protein after infection and demonstrated dsRNA specific endoribonuclease activity of the encoded protein. Analysis of the expression patterns of orf27 in virus-infected insect cells and a bacterial expression system revealed autoregulation of this protein over time. Moreover, HvAV-3e RNase III was found essential for virus DNA replication and infection using RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated gene silencing. In addition, using green fluorescent protein gene as a marker, we provide evidence that RNase III is involved in the suppression of gene silencing. To our knowledge, this is the first insect virus-encoded RNase III described and shown to suppress host cell RNAi defense mechanism.

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