scholarly journals Combinatorial Codes and Labeled Lines: How Insects Use Olfactory Cues to Find and Judge Food, Mates, and Oviposition Sites in Complex Environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Haverkamp ◽  
Bill S. Hansson ◽  
Markus Knaden
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Cues ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Combinatorial Codes ◽  
Oviposition Sites

Evaluation of BG-Sentinel Trap Trapping Efficacy for Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in a Visually Competitive Environment

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara S. Ball ◽  
Scott R. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Olfactory Cues ◽  
Visual Environment ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Gravid Females ◽  
Nulliparous Female ◽  
Bg Sentinel ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oviposition Sites

Abstract The BG-Sentinel (BGS) trap uses visual and olfactory cues as well as convection currents to attract Aedes aegypti (L.). The impact of the visual environment on trapping efficacy of the BGS trap for Ae. aegypti was investigated. Four- to 5-d nulliparous female and male Ae. aegypti were released into a semicontrolled room to evaluate the effect of the presence, reflectance, and distribution of surrounding harborage sites on BGS trapping efficacy. Low-reflective (dark) harborage sites near the BGS had a negative effect on both male and nulliparous female recapture rates; however, a more pronounced effect was observed in males. The distribution (clustered versus scattered) of dark harborage sites did not significantly affect recapture rates in either sex. In a subsequent experiment, the impact of oviposition sites on the recapture rate of gravid females was investigated. Although gravid females went to the oviposition sites and deposited eggs, the efficacy of the BGS in recapturing gravid females was not compromised. Ae. aegypti sampling in the field will mostly occur in the urban environment, whereby the BGS will be among oviposition sites and dark harborage areas in the form of household items and outdoor clutter. In addition to understanding sampling biases of the BGS, estimations of the adult population size and structure can be further adjusted based on an understanding of the impact of dark harborage sites on trap captures. Outcomes from this suite of experiments provide us with important considerations for trap deployment and interpretation of Ae. aegypti samples from the BGS trap.

Love at first sniff: Testosterone and olfactory cues of attraction

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Gildersleeve ◽  
Marc B. Setterlund
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Cues

Neuromuscular Control of Movement

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Locomotor Rhythm ◽  
Motor Responses ◽  
Reflex Pathways ◽  
Local Reflex ◽  
Local Circuits ◽  
And Control

The control of movement is essential for animals traversing complex environments and operating across a range of speeds and gaits. We consider how animals process sensory information and initiate motor responses, primarily focusing on simple motor responses that involve local reflex pathways of feedback and control, rather than the more complex, longer-term responses that require the broader integration of higher centers within the nervous system. We explore how local circuits facilitate decentralized coordination of locomotor rhythm and examine the fundamentals of sensory receptors located in the muscles, tendons, joints, and at the animal’s body surface. These sensors monitor the animal’s physical environment and the action of its muscles. The sensory information is then carried back to the animal’s nervous system by afferent neurons, providing feedback that is integrated at the level of the spinal cord of vertebrates and sensory-motor ganglia of invertebrates.

scholarly journals Using Lock-In Thermography to Investigate Stimuli-Responsive Nanoparticles in Complex Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Mathias Bonmarin ◽  
Lukas Steinmetz ◽  
Fabrizio Spano ◽  
Christoph Geers
Keyword(s):  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
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