scholarly journals Variation in Enamel Formation Genes Influences Enamel Demineralization In Vitro in a Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangyue Pang ◽  
Qinghui Zhi ◽  
Peilin Zhuang ◽  
Lixia Yu ◽  
Ye Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Enamel Formation ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Biofilm Model

Effect of Fluoride-Containing Toothpastes on Enamel Demineralization and Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Architecture

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanza E. Fernández ◽  
Margherita Fontana ◽  
Derek Samarian ◽  
Jaime A. Cury ◽  
Alexander H. Rickard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Biofilm Architecture ◽  
Positive Controls

This study aimed to explore the effect of fluoridated toothpastes on biofilm architecture and enamel demineralization in an in vitro biofilm model. Streptococcus mutans was grown on enamel and treated with slurries of commercial toothpastes, containing SnF2 or NaF. Water and chlorhexidine were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. The developed biofilms were imaged and enamel demineralization was measured. SnF2 and NaF toothpaste treatments significantly reduced enamel demineralization, but SnF2 toothpaste was more effective. Only SnF2 toothpaste and chlorhexidine treatments caused reductions on biofilm mass and thickness. In conclusion, this biofilm model was able to differentiate the effects of the SnF2 and NaF toothpastes on biofilm architecture and enamel demineralization.

scholarly journals Preparation, characterisation and microbiological examination of Pickering nano-emulsions containing essential oils, and their effect on Streptococcus mutans biofilm treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Horváth ◽  
Viktória L. Balázs ◽  
Adorján Varga ◽  
Andrea Böszörményi ◽  
Béla Kocsis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Model Membrane ◽  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Mouth Care ◽  
Modified Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
20 Nm

Abstract Essential oils (EOs) are commonly applied in mouth care products like mouthwashes, mostly as an ethanolic solution or by usage of surfactants as solubilising agents. In this study, we present a formulation for preparation of Pickering nano-emulsions (PnE) of EOs as a novel form for application of EOs in mouth care. For the preparation of PnE, we have synthesised surface-modified silica nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 20 nm, as well as we have examined the effect of EOs concentration on PnE droplet size and stability. In vitro study of their effect on the Streptococcus mutans biofilm as the main pathogen of dental health problems has been performed. We have found that EOs in the PnE form has the highest effectiveness against biofilm formation. Diffusion through the biofilm model membrane was studied to explain this observation. We have found that PnEs have a better performance in the transportation of EOs trough model membrane than the ethanolic solutions and conventional emulsions (CEs).

scholarly journals Analysis of cariogenic potential of alternative milk beverages by in vitro Streptococcus mutans biofilm model and ex vivo caries model

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Huang ◽  
Tatyana Thompson ◽  
Yapin Wang ◽  
Qingzhao Yu ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Caries Model

Effect of the Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus LB21 on the Cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans UA159 in a Dual-Species Biofilm Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanza E. Fernández ◽  
Rodrigo A. Giacaman ◽  
Livia M. Tenuta ◽  
Jaime A. Cury
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Caries Model ◽  
Bovine Enamel

Despite promising results using probiotics, evidence of the preventive effect on enamel demineralization is insufficient and the cariogenic potential of probiotics is still controversial. Probiotics could affect biofilm formation and interfere with adherence, growth or coaggregation with Streptococcus mutans in biofilms. However, most of the studies have been conducted using planktonic bacteria. Hence, the aim of the study was to assess the effect of probiotic bacteria on the cariogenicity of S. mutans using an in vitro biofilm caries model on enamel. Single-species biofilms (S. mutans UA159, SM or Lactobacillus rhamnosus LB21, LB) or dual-species biofilms simultaneously inoculated (SM + LB) or LB inoculated 8 h after SM (SM → LB) were grown for 96 h. Biofilms were formed on bovine enamel saliva-coated slabs of known surface hardness (SH) and immersed in culture media. Biofilms were exposed 8 times per day to 10% sucrose. Medium pH was monitored twice daily as a biofilm acidogenicity indicator. After 96 h, biofilms were collected to determine biomass and bacteria viability. Slab demineralization was calculated as percentage of SH loss (%SHL). Additionally, the model was tested with different concentrations of the initial inoculum (103, 106, 108 cells/ml) and different adhesion times (2 or 8 h). The dual-species biofilm revealed no LB effects on SM cariogenicity, without changes in acidogenicity or %SHL among groups (p > 0.05, n = 12). Lack of activity of LB on SM cariogenicity persisted even when 105 times higher concentration of the probiotic was tested. Coaggregation was not observed. In conclusion, findings suggest that LB does not reduce cariogenicity of SM in a validated experimental caries model.

scholarly journals The Impact of CO2 Laser Treatment and Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride on Enamel Demineralization and Biofilm Formation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
Ana Bárbara de Araújo Loiola ◽  
Carolina Patrícia Aires ◽  
Fabiana Almeida Curylofo-Zotti ◽  
Antônio Luiz Rodrigues Junior ◽  
Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Continuous Co2 Laser ◽  
Co2 Laser Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: This study evaluated the impact of CO2 laser treatment and acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) on enamel demineralization and biofilm formation, using in vitro and in situ designs. Methods: Demineralized enamel slabs were distributed among 8 groups: placebo, placebo + continuous CO2 laser, placebo + repeated CO2 laser, placebo + ultrapulsed CO2 laser, 1.23% APF, APF + continuous CO2 laser, APF + repeated CO2 laser and APF + ultrapulsed CO2 laser. In the in vitro study, 15 enamel slabs from each group were subjected to a pH-cycling regimen for 14 days. In the cross over in situ design, 11 volunteers wore palatal appliances with demineralized enamel slabs for 2 periods of 14 days each. Drops of sucrose solution were dripped onto enamel slabs 8×/day. Biofilms formed on slabs were collected and the colony-forming units (CFU) of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus were determined. Results: For both in vitro and in situ studies, there was no significant difference between treatments (P>0.05). However, all treatments increased microhardness of demineralized enamel (P<0.05). After a further in situ cariogenic challenge, with the exception of the placebo, all treatments maintained microhardness values (P<0.05). Microbiological analysis showed no difference in Streptococcus mutans (P>0.05) or Lactobacillus (P>0.05) counts between groups. Conclusion: The results suggest that APF gel combined with the CO2 laser, regardless of the pulse emission mode used, was effective in controlling enamel demineralization, but none of the tested treatments was able to prevent bacterial colonization.

scholarly journals Phenalen-1-One-Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy and Chlorhexidine Applied to a Novel Caries Biofilm Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Cieplik ◽  
Fabian Wimmer ◽  
Denise Muehler ◽  
Thomas Thurnheer ◽  
Georgios N. Belibasakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Actinomyces Naeslundii ◽  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Pronounced Reduction

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) may be useful as a supportive antimicrobial measure for caries-active subjects. In this study, the antimicrobial efficacy of aPDT with a phenalen-1-one photosensitizer was evaluated in a novel in vitro biofilm model comprising Actinomyces naeslundii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, and Streptococcus mutans and was compared to chlorhexidine. The proposed biofilm model allows high-throughput screening for antimicrobial efficacy while exhibiting a differentiated response to different antimicrobial approaches. While chlorhexidine 0.2% showed a reduction of ≈4 log10 for all species, aPDT led to a more pronounced reduction of S. mutans (2.8 log10) than of Actinomyces spp. (1.2 or 1.3 log10). A similar effect was also observed in monospecies biofilms. Therefore, aPDT may be more effective against S. mutans than against Actinomyces spp. when in biofilms, and this antimicrobial approach merits further investigations.

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