scholarly journals Distinctive Steady-State Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Responses to Passive Robotic Leg Exercise and Functional Electrical Stimulation during Head-Up Tilt

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirehsan Sarabadani Tafreshi ◽  
Robert Riener ◽  
Verena Klamroth-Marganska
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Leg Exercise ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
Blood Pressure Responses ◽  
Robotic Leg

Infants with univentricular heart have reduced heart rate and blood pressure responses to side motion and altered responses to head-up tilt

2005 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 518-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turkka Kirjavainen ◽  
Suvi Viskari ◽  
Olli Pitkänen ◽  
Eero Jokinen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Univentricular Heart ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Oxyhemoglobin Saturation ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Blood Pressure Responses ◽  
Polysomnographic Recording

Cardiovascular control was studied in infants with univentricular heart (UVH). Side motion tests and 45-s 45° head-up tilt tests were performed in 11 control and 9 UVH infants at the age of 13 ± 3.2 wk. In addition, heart rate (HR) reactions to spontaneous arousals and HR variability during slow-wave sleep (SWS) were determined. All UVH infants had been hypoxic for several weeks, and during the sleep study the mean arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation was 82 ± 5%. Tests were done at night during SWS, confirmed by polysomnographic recording. Continuous beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP) was measured. In the side-motion tests, control infants consistently showed a transient increase in HR and BP. This response was markedly reduced in all of the UVH infants ( P < 0.0001). In tilt tests, the UVH infants showed normal BP responses, but, although a sustained 2.0% decrease in HR was observed in the controls, the UVH infants presented with a sustained 2.6% mean HR increase ( P = 0.005). The UVH infants also showed attenuated HR acceleration during spontaneous arousals ( P = 0.01), but HR variability did not differ significantly from the controls. In conclusion, UVH infants with chronic hypoxia exhibit defective vestibulosympathetic pathways, as expressed by an absence of acute HR and BP reactivity to side motion. HR reactions to postural challenge and spontaneous arousal are also altered. Autonomic function abnormalities in these infants are suggested to be secondary to hypoxia.

Circulatory adaptation to orthostatic stress in healthy 10–14-year-old children investigated in a general practice

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. A. Dambrink ◽  
B. P. M. Imholz ◽  
J. M. Karemaker ◽  
W. Wieling
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Postural Tachycardia ◽  
Circulatory Control ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
Blood Pressures

1. The magnitude and time course of circulatory adaptation to active standing were investigated in healthy premenarchic girls and boys (n = 24; 10–14 years old) by non-invasive measurement of heart rate and continuous finger blood pressure (Finapres). 2. Four subjects (two girls, two boys) showed presyncopal symptoms after 4–9 min of free standing. 3. In the 20 non-fainting subjects, changes in blood pressure and heart rate upon standing did not differ between girls (n = 10) and boys (n = 10). In the initial phase of standing (first 30 s) systolic and diastolic blood pressures dropped by 22 ± 14 (mean ± sd) and 16 ± 7 mmHg, respectively, at 8 ± 2 s. Blood pressure subsequently recovered and showed an overshoot in all subjects. The transient drop in blood pressure was accompanied by an increase in heart rate of 40 ± 7 beats/min. These characteristic transient changes were not observed with passive head-up tilt. During the early steady-state phase (2 min), systolic blood pressure was similar to the supine value and diastolic blood pressure rose by 11 ± 5 mmHg. Heart rate increased by 25 ± 11 beats/min. In six of the subjects (three girls, three boys) the increase in heart rate exceeded 30 beats/min (postural tachycardia). Little further changes were observed during prolonged (10 min) standing. 4. Typical findings in the four near-fainting subjects were higher supine heart rates, no blood pressure overshoot in the initial phase (in three out of four subjects), postural tachycardia in the early steady-state phase and progressive decreases in blood pressure and heart rate afterwards. 5. In conclusion, for investigation of orthostatic circulatory adaptation in childhood it is important to pay attention to the dynamics of the circulatory response. No important differences appear to exist in orthostatic circulatory control between premenarchic girls and boys: orthostatic tachycardia and fainting appear to be common in both.

Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Reactivity

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Whited ◽  
Kevin T. Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Cardiovascular Reactivity ◽  
Task Type ◽  
Conflict Task ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Conflicting Evidence ◽  
Blood Pressure Responses

Sex differences in cardiovascular reactivity to stress are well documented, with some studies showing women having greater heart rate responses than men, and men having greater blood pressure responses than women, while other studies show conflicting evidence. Few studies have attended to the gender relevance of tasks employed in these studies. This study investigated cardiovascular reactivity to two interpersonal stressors consistent with different gender roles to determine whether response differences exist between men and women. A total of 26 men and 31 women were assigned to either a traditional male-oriented task that involved interpersonal conflict (Conflict Task) or a traditional female-oriented task that involved comforting another person (Comfort Task). Results demonstrated that women exhibited greater heart rate reactions than men independent of the task type, and that men did not display a higher reactivity than women on any measure. These findings indicate that sex of participant was more important than gender relevance of the task in eliciting sex differences in cardiovascular responding.

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Responses to Electrical Stimulation-Induced Leg Exercise in Spinal Cord Injury

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 372-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Sutton ◽  
A. J. Thomas ◽  
G. M. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Leg Exercise ◽  
Leg Muscle

Abstract:Electrical stimulation-induced leg muscle contractions provide a useful model for examining the role of leg muscle neural afferents during low-intensity exercise in persons with spinal cord-injury and their able-bodied cohorts. Eight persons with paraplegia (SCI) and 8 non-disabled subjects (CONTROL) performed passive knee flexion/extension (PAS), electrical stimulation-induced knee flexion/extension (ES) and voluntary knee flexion/extension (VOL) on an isokinetic dynamometer. In CONTROLS, exercise heart rate was significantly increased during ES (94 ± 6 bpm) and VOL (85 ± 4 bpm) over PAS (69 ± 4 bpm), but no changes were observed in SCI individuals. Stroke volume was significantly augmented in SCI during ES (59 ± 5 ml) compared to PAS (46 ± 4 ml). The results of this study suggest that, in able-bodied humans, Group III and IV leg muscle afferents contribute to increased cardiac output during exercise primarily via augmented heart rate. In contrast, SCI achieve raised cardiac output during ES leg exercise via increased venous return in the absence of any change in heart rate.

Compression Stocking Length Effects on Arterial Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Following Head-Up Tilt in Healthy Volunteers

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Tanaka ◽  
Shiori Tokumiya ◽  
Yumiko Ishihara ◽  
Yumiko Kohira ◽  
Tetsuro Katafuchi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Compression Stocking ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
Length Effects
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