scholarly journals Reduced Dietary Sodium Intake Increases Heart Rate. A Meta-Analysis of 63 Randomized Controlled Trials Including 72 Study Populations

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels A. Graudal ◽  
Thorbjørn Hubeck-Graudal ◽  
Gesche Jürgens
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet and blood pressure reduction in adults with and without hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Filippou ◽  
C Thomopoulos ◽  
C Mihas ◽  
K Dimitriadis ◽  
L Sotiropoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Dash Diet ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background The dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet is recognized as an effective dietary intervention to reduce blood pressure (BP). However, among randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the DASH diet mediated BP reduction,there are significant methodological and clinical differences. Purpose The purpose of this study was to comprehensively assess the effect of the DASH diet on BP levels in adults with and without hypertension, accounting for underlying methodological and clinical confounders. Methods We systematically searched Medline and the Cochrane Collaboration Library databases and identified 30 RCTs (n=5,545 participants) that investigated the BP effects of the DASH diet compared to a control diet in hypertensive and non-hypertensive adults. Both random-effects and fixed-effect models were used to calculate the mean attained systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) differences during follow-up. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were also conducted. Results The DASH diet reduced SBP and DBP significantly more compared to the control diet (difference in means: −3.2 mm Hg; 95% CI: −4.2, −2.3; P<0.001, and −2.5 mm Hg; 95% CI: −3.5, −1.5; P<0.001, respectively). Hypertension status did not modify the effect on BP reduction. The DASH diet compared to the control diet reduced SBP levels to a higher extent in trials with sodium intake >2,400 mg/day compared to trials with sodium intake ≤2,400 mg/day, while both SBP and DBP were reducedmore in trials with mean age <50 years compared to trials of older participants. The quality of evidence was rated as moderate forboth outcomes according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Conclusion The adoption of the DASH diet was accompanied by significant BP reduction in adults with and without hypertension, while higher daily sodium intake and younger age enhanced the BP-lowering effect of the intervention. This meta-analysis was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews as CRD42019128120. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet and Blood Pressure Reduction in Adults with and without Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1150-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina D Filippou ◽  
Costas P Tsioufis ◽  
Costas G Thomopoulos ◽  
Costas C Mihas ◽  
Kyriakos S Dimitriadis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Dash Diet ◽  
Randomized Controlled

ABSTRACT The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is recognized as an effective dietary intervention to reduce blood pressure (BP). However, among randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the DASH diet–mediated BP reduction, there are significant methodological and clinical differences. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively assess the DASH diet effect on BP in adults with and without hypertension, accounting for underlying methodological and clinical confounders. We systematically searched Medline and the Cochrane Collaboration Library databases and identified 30 RCTs (n = 5545 participants) that investigated the BP effects of the DASH diet compared with a control diet in hypertensive and nonhypertensive adults. Both random-effects and fixed-effect models were used to calculate the mean attained systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) differences during follow-up. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were also conducted. Compared with a control diet, the DASH diet reduced both SBP and DBP (difference in means: −3.2 mm Hg; 95% CI: −4.2, −2.3 mm Hg; P < 0.001, and −2.5 mm Hg; 95% CI: −3.5, −1.5 mm Hg; P < 0.001, respectively). Hypertension status did not modify the effect on BP reduction. The DASH diet compared with a control diet reduced SBP levels to a higher extent in trials with sodium intake >2400 mg/d than in trials with sodium intake ≤2400 mg/d, whereas both SBP and DBP were reduced more in trials with mean age <50 y than in trials of older participants. The quality of evidence was rated as moderate for both outcomes according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. The adoption of the DASH diet was accompanied by significant BP reduction in adults with and without hypertension, although higher daily sodium intake and younger age enhanced the BP-lowering effect of the intervention. This meta-analysis was registered at www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero as CRD42019128120.

The Effects of Statins on Physical Activity or Physical Fitness Among Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 762-774
Author(s):  
Adelle Gadowski ◽  
Alice J. Owen ◽  
Andrea Curtis ◽  
Natalie Nanayakkara ◽  
Stephane Heritier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Time ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
And Control

This review examines the effects of statins on physical activity and/or fitness, as statins can have adverse muscle effects. A search was done of MEDLINE, Embase, and EBMR databases up to July 2018 for randomized controlled trials comparing statin with placebo or control, measuring physical activity and/or fitness in adults. Sixteen randomized controlled trials (total participants [N] = 2,944) were included, 6 randomized controlled trials contributed data for meta-analysis. Random effects meta-analysis examined differences in physical fitness, maximal exercise time (in seconds) in exercise testing, and maximal heart rate (in beats per minute) between statins and control. No significant difference between statin and control for maximal heart rate (mean difference = 2.8 beats per minute, 95% confidence interval [−7.4, 13.0]; p = .59) nor exercise time (mean difference = 82.8 s, 95% confidence interval [−31.9, 197.4]; p = .516) were seen. There were insufficient studies reporting habitual physical activity to perform a meta-analysis. This review found no evidence for an effect of statins on physical activity or fitness, but data availability is limited.

scholarly journals Benefits of esmolol in sepsis and septic shock in adults: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Chen ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Zemei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

Abstract Background Sepsis affects millions of people each year, and brings substantial health and economic burden to the global. Esmolol may have the potential in the treatment of sepsis and septic shock in adults. However, current evidence remains controversial. Methods We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from their inception to September 19, 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of esmolol in sepsis and septic shock in adults. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to combine effect estimates. Two investigators independently screened articles, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies. Results Seven RCTs were included with a total of 463 patients with sepsis and/or septic shock. Overall, compared with standard treatment, esmolol significantly decreased 28-day mortality (risk ratio [RR] 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52 to 0.88), and heart rate (standardized mean difference [SMD] -1.83, 95% CI -2.95 to -0.70) and troponin I (TnI) level (SMD − 0.59, 95% CI -1.02 to -0.16) at 24 hours after treatment; no significant effect was found on the length of intensive care unit stay, mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, central venous oxygen saturation, Stroke Volume Index, tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin 6, White Blood Cells and PO2/FiO2. Conclusions Esmolol treatment may be safe and effective in decreasing 28-day mortality, controlling heart rate, and preventing myocardial damage, but no evidence of effect on lung injury in sepsis and septic shock after fluid resuscitation early. There were no significant adverse effects on tissue perfusion and oxygen utilization.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document