scholarly journals Analysing EU Treaty-Making and Litigation With Network Analysis and Natural Language Processing

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Ovádek ◽  
Arthur Dyevre ◽  
Kyra Wigard
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Topic Modeling ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
The World ◽  
World Trade Organization Agreement ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
The Many

We apply network analysis and topic modeling techniques to explore the evolution of the European Union's treaty making activity and the patterns of litigation they have given rise to. Our analysis reveals that, despite the expansion of the bloc's policy remit, its treaty-making activity retains a strong economic focus. Among the many agreements negotiated by EU institutions, the European Economic Agreement, the Ankara Agreement with Turkey and the World Trade Organization Agreement form the largest clusters of litigated cases. EU international agreements are disproportionately litigated in cases pertaining to residence rights and competition law.

scholarly journals China’s ‘Going Global’ Policy: Transnational Production Subsidies Under the WTO SCM Agreement

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-863
Author(s):  
Victor Crochet ◽  
Vineet Hegde
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Global Policy ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
International Trade Law ◽  
The World ◽  
World Trade Organization Agreement ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Production Subsidies ◽  
Shed Light

ABSTRACT As China is increasingly ‘going global’, foreign direct investment under its Belt and Road Initiative is becoming heavily scrutinized. One of the concerns is that Chinese companies establishing themselves in third countries would be unfairly advantaged by the financing they receive under China’s expansionist strategy. This financing gives rise to a situation that had long been described as ‘unrealistic’, in which a government subsidizes a firm outside of its territory. When such a firm’s products are exported to third countries, could such financing be disciplined under the World Trade Organization Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures? Should such financing, which enhances development in the receiving countries, be disciplined at all? The authors shed light on these issues and provide a preliminary guidance on how to structure this problem under international trade law.

scholarly journals Indonesian Legal Remedies Againts Tiongkok and Vietnam Dumping in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Rahmadi Indra Tektona ◽  
Nuzulia Kumala Sari ◽  
Amru Hanifa Mukti
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Import Duty ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Domestic Industry ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Legal Remedies ◽  
The World ◽  
Investigation Process

Indonesia has a problem increasing the number of iron and steel imports from year to year, but Tiongkok and Vietnam are highlighted differently by government because they have experienced a significant increase, so they are suspected of dumping. And than, what the legal remedies should be taken against the alleged dumping carried out by Tiongkok and Vietnam by competent institutions and related parties and what the legal consequnces are. This research will be analyzed with normative legal research principles, legal doctrines, and international agreements with the law approach and conceptual approach.The Antidumping Code is the basis of Indonesia’s efforts towards Tiongkok and Vietnam given that the three countries are remembers of the World Trade Organization with General Agreement on Tariff and Trade. The Indonesian Anti-Dumping Committee is an institution that is given the authority to conduct dumping investigations, both offensively or defensively wich is inisiated based on initiatives or requests from the majority of the Domestic Industry of the similar goods. If the investigation process carried out by KADI is proven to be found dumping it will be subject sanctions in the form of the imposition of Anti-Dumping Import Duty according to the amount of dumping margin and if it is not found or deministic margin then the investigation process is terminated. And it is unfortunate because dumping specifically has not been regualated in a law in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Network Analysis of World Trade using the BACI-CEPII Dataset

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 287-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca De Benedictis ◽  
Silvia Nenci ◽  
Gianluca Santoni ◽  
Lucia Tajoli ◽  
Claudio Vicarelli
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Centrality Measures ◽  
Trade Network ◽  
Weighted Version ◽  
Trade Data ◽  
Hands On ◽  
The World

In this paper we explore the BACI-CEPII database using Network Analysis. From the visualization of the World Trade Network, we define and describe its topology, both in its binary version and in its weighted version, by calculating and discussing a number of the commonly used network statistics. We finally discuss various specific topics that can be studied with Network Analysis and International Trade data, both at the aggregated and at the sectorial level. The analysis is carried out with multiple software (Stata, R and Pajek). The scripts to replicate part of the analysis are included in the appendix and can be used as a hands-on tutorial. Moreover, local and global centrality measures, based on the unweighted and the weighted version of the aggregated World Trade Network, have been calculated for each country (178 in total) and each year (from 1995 to 2010) and can be downloaded from the CEPII webpage.

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