scholarly journals Phyla- and Subtype-Selectivity of CgNa, a Na+ Channel Toxin from the Venom of the Giant Caribbean Sea Anemone Condylactis Gigantea

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert Billen ◽  
Sarah Debaveye ◽  
Lászlo Béress ◽  
Anoland Garateix ◽  
Jan Tytgat
Keyword(s):  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
Na Channel ◽  
Subtype Selectivity

scholarly journals Comparison of cnidae sizes between the two morphotypes of the giant Caribbean sea anemone Condylactis gigantea (Actiniaria: Actiniidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1055
Author(s):  
Ricardo Enrique González Muñoz ◽  
Carlos Hernández-Ortiz ◽  
Agustin Garese ◽  
Nuno Simões ◽  
Fabián Horacio Acuña
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
Tropical Atlantic ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Mexican Caribbean ◽  
Ecological Differences

The sea anemone Condylactis gigantea is an ecologically important member of the benthic community in coral reefs of the tropical Atlantic, and displays two morphotypes with respect to the color in their tentacular tips: the green tip morphotype and the pink/purple tip morphotype. Although some molecular and ecological differences have been found between these morphotypes, no other morphological distinctions have been reported, and currently both are still considered a single taxonomic species. In the present study, we perform an exploration on the variability in the size of cnidae between these two morphotypes and performed statistical analyses to compare the 10 categories of cnidae from specimens hosted in the Cnidarian Collection of Gulf of Mexico and Mexican Caribbean, of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, which were previously collected in several coral reefs localities of the Yucatán Peninsula. Results reveal no significant variation in cnidae size between the two morphotypes, but significant variations were found within each morphotype. In addition, we update the composition of the cnidom of C. gigantea, and the utility of the size of cnidae to distinguish between morphotypes or closely related species is discussed.

Identity between cytolysins purified from two morphos of the Caribbean sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus

Toxicon ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1219-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Martı́nez ◽  
Vivian Morera ◽  
Carlos Alvarez ◽  
Mayra Tejuca ◽  
Fabiola Pazos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
The Caribbean

Record of a Fish Associated with a Caribbean Sea Anemone

Copeia ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 1973 (3) ◽  
pp. 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Sea Anemone

scholarly journals Sticholysins, two pore-forming toxins produced by the Caribbean Sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus: Their interaction with membranes

Toxicon ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1135-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Álvarez ◽  
José M. Mancheño ◽  
Diana Martínez ◽  
Mayra Tejuca ◽  
Fabiola Pazos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
The Caribbean

Characterization of a potassium channel toxin from the Caribbean sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus

Toxicon ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Castañeda ◽  
Vivian Sotolongo ◽  
Ana Maria Amor ◽  
Reto Stöcklin ◽  
Amanda J. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Channel ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
The Caribbean

scholarly journals CgNa, a type I toxin from the giant Caribbean sea anemone Condylactis gigantea shows structural similarities to both type I and II toxins, as well as distinctive structural and functional properties1

2007 ◽  
Vol 406 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio Salceda ◽  
Javier Pérez-Castells ◽  
Blanca López-Méndez ◽  
Anoland Garateix ◽  
Hector Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Type I ◽  
Characteristic Structure ◽  
Inactivation Curve ◽  
Surface Patches ◽  
Ganglion Neurons

CgNa (Condylactis gigantea neurotoxin) is a 47-amino-acid- residue toxin from the giant Caribbean sea anemone Condylactis gigantea. The structure of CgNa, which was solved by 1H-NMR spectroscopy, is somewhat atypical and displays significant homology with both type I and II anemone toxins. CgNa also displays a considerable number of exceptions to the canonical structural elements that are thought to be essential for the activity of this group of toxins. Furthermore, unique residues in CgNa define a characteristic structure with strong negatively charged surface patches. These patches disrupt a surface-exposed cluster of hydrophobic residues present in all anemone-derived toxins described to date. A thorough characterization by patch–clamp analysis using rat DRG (dorsal root ganglion) neurons indicated that CgNa preferentially binds to TTX-S (tetrodotoxin-sensitive) voltage-gated sodium channels in the resting state. This association increased the inactivation time constant and the rate of recovery from inactivation, inducing a significant shift in the steady state of inactivation curve to the left. The specific structural features of CgNa may explain its weaker inhibitory capacity when compared with the other type I and II anemone toxins.

Genetic and color morph differentiation in the Caribbean sea anemone Condylactis gigantea

2005 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Stoletzki ◽  
Bernd Schierwater
Keyword(s):  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
Color Morph ◽  
The Caribbean
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