scholarly journals Risk Factors of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Resistance in Children With Kawasaki Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gengying Liu ◽  
Shunyu Wang ◽  
Zhongdong Du
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulin ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulin Resistance

scholarly journals Estimating Typhoid Fever Risk Associated with Lack of Access to Safe Water: A Systematic Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayalaxmi V. Mogasale ◽  
Enusa Ramani ◽  
Vittal Mogasale ◽  
Ju Yeon Park ◽  
Thomas F. Wierzba
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Unsafe Water

Background. Unsafe water is a well-known risk for typhoid fever, but a pooled estimate of the population-level risk of typhoid fever resulting from exposure to unsafe water has not been quantified. An accurate estimation of the risk from unsafe water will be useful in demarcating high-risk populations, modeling typhoid disease burden, and targeting prevention and control activities. Methods. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of observational studies that measured the risk of typhoid fever associated with drinking unimproved water as per WHO-UNICEF’s definition or drinking microbiologically unsafe water. The mean value for the pooled odds ratio from case-control studies was calculated using a random effects model. In addition to unimproved water and unsafe water, we also listed categories of other risk factors from the selected studies. Results. The search of published studies from January 1, 1990, to December 31, 2013 in PubMed, Embase, and World Health Organization databases provided 779 publications, of which 12 case-control studies presented the odds of having typhoid fever for those exposed to unimproved or unsafe versus improved drinking water sources. The odds of typhoid fever among those exposed to unimproved or unsafe water ranged from 1.06 to 9.26 with case weighted mean of 2.44 (95% CI: 1.65–3.59). Besides water-related risk, the studies also identified other risk factors related to socioeconomic aspects, type of food consumption, knowledge and awareness about typhoid fever, and hygiene practices. Conclusions. In this meta-analysis, we have quantified the pooled risk of typhoid fever among people exposed to unimproved or unsafe water which is almost two and a half times more than people who were not exposed to unimproved or unsafe water. However, caution should be exercised in applying the findings from this study in modeling typhoid fever disease burden at country, regional, and global levels as improved water does not always equate to safe water.

scholarly journals Association of FcεRIβ polymorphisms with risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis: evidence based on 29 case–control studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Guo ◽  
Tao Peng ◽  
Ping Luo ◽  
Huabin Li ◽  
Shuo Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
The Stability

Purpose: Accumulating evidence has shown that allergic diseases are caused by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors, some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) existing in high-affinity IgE receptor β chain (FcεRIβ) are potential risk factors for allergic diseases. However, the results have been inconsistent and inconclusive due to the limited statistical power in individual study. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the association between FcεRIβ SNPs and allergic diseases risk. Methods: Eligible studies were collected from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang databases. Pooled odd ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to assess the strength of the relationships between five polymorphisms (E237G, -109 C/T, RsaI_in2, RsaI_ex7, and I181L) and the risk of allergic diseases by using five genetic models. In addition, the stability of our analysis was evaluated by publication bias, sensitivity, and heterogeneity analysis. Results: Overall, a total of 29 case–control studies were included in this meta-analysis. We found that E237G (B vs. A: OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06–1.53, P<0.001, I2 = 63.1%) and -109 C/T (BB vs. AA + AB: OR = 1.58, 95%CI = 1.26–1.98, P<0.001, I2 = 66.4%) were risk factors for allergic diseases. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggests that polymorphisms in FcεRIβ may be associated with the development of allergic diseases.

scholarly journals Chronic Hepatitis B and C Are Risk Factors for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Meta-Analysis of Case Control Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. S-68
Author(s):  
Abdul S. Khan ◽  
Priyanka Tiwari ◽  
Jonathan P. Nass ◽  
Tuhama Rihani ◽  
Mainor R. Antillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Psychosocial Risk Factors for Stroke

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (03) ◽  
pp. 294-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Clegg ◽  
Kulsum Patel ◽  
Julie Lucas ◽  
Hannah Storey ◽  
Maree Hackett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses

AbstractSeveral studies have assessed the link between psychosocial risk factors and stroke; however, the results were inconsistent. We have conducted a systemic review and meta-analysis of cohort or case-control studies to ascertain the association between psychosocial risk factors (psychological, vocational, behavioral, interpersonal, and neuropsychological) and the risk of stroke. Systematic searches were undertaken in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews between 2000 and January 2017. Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts, and full texts. One reviewer assessed quality and extracted data, which was checked by a second reviewer. For studies that reported risk estimates, a meta-analysis was performed. We identified 41 cohort studies and 5 case-control studies. No neuropsychological papers were found. Overall, pooled adjusted estimates showed that all other psychosocial risk factors were independent risk factors for stroke. Psychological factors increased the risk of stroke by 39% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27–1.51), vocational by 35% (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.20–1.51), and interpersonal by 16% (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.03–1.31), and the effects of behavioral factors were equivocal (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.20–4.31). The meta-analyses were affected by heterogeneity. Psychosocial risk factors are associated with an increased risk of stroke.

scholarly journals Prevalence of uncoupling protein one genetic polymorphisms and their relationship with cardiovascular and metabolic health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petros C. Dinas ◽  
Eleni Nintou ◽  
Maria Vliora ◽  
Anna E. Pravednikova ◽  
Paraskevi Sakellariou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Single Nucleotide

The contribution of UCP1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to susceptibility for cardiometabolic pathologies (CMP) and their involvement in specific risk factors for these conditions varies across populations. We tested whether UCP1 SNPs A-3826G, A-1766G, Ala64Thr and A-112C are associated with the most common CMP (cardiovascular disease, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and type-2 diabetes) and CMP risk factors. This case-control study included blood sample collection from 2,283 Caucasians (1,139 healthy; 1,144 CMP) across Armenia, Greece, Poland, Russia and United Kingdom for genotyping of the above-mentioned SNPs. We extended the results via a systematic review and meta-analysis, covering PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. In Armenia the GA genotype and A allele of Ala64Thr were associated with ~2-fold higher risk for CMP compared to the GG genotype or G allele, respectively (p<0.05). In Greece, A allele of Ala64Thr SNP decreased the risk of CMP by 39%. Healthy individuals with A-3826G GG genotype and carriers of mutant allele of A-112C and Ala64Thr had higher body mass index compared to those carrying other genotypes. In healthy Polish, higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was observed in heterozygotes A-3826G compared to AA homozygotes. Heterozygosity of the A-112C and Ala64Thr SNPs was related to lower WHR in CMP individuals compared to wild type homozygotes (p<0.05). Meta-analysis in case-control studies showed no statistically significant odds ratios in different alleles across the four studied SNPs (p>0.05). Thus, we conclude that the studied SNPs could be associated with the most common CMP and their risk factors in some populations.

The prevalence of activated protein C (APC) resistance and factor V Leiden is significantly higher in patients with retinal vein occlusion without general risk factors

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 925-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matus Rehak ◽  
Jiri Rehak ◽  
Marc Müller ◽  
Susanne Faude ◽  
Frank Faude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Apc Resistance ◽  
Vein Occlusion

SummarySeveral small case-control studies have investigated whether factor V Leiden (FVL) is a risk factor for retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and generated conflicting data. To clarify this question we performed a large two-centre case-control study and a meta-analysis of published studies. Two hundred seven consecutive patients with RVO and a control group of 150 subjects were screened between 1996 and 2006. A systematic meta-analysis was done combining our study with further 17 published European case-control studies. APC resistance was detected in 16 out of 207 (7.7%) patients and eight out of 150 (5.3%) controls. The odds ratio (OR) estimated was 1.49 with a (non-significant) 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.62–3.57. The meta-analysis including 18 studies with a total of 1,748 patients and 2,716 controls showed a significantly higher prevalence of FVL in patients with RVO compared to healthy controls (combined OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.19–2.32). All single studies combined in the meta-analysis were too small to reliably detect the effect individually. This explains the seemingly contradictory data in the literature. In conclusion, the prevalence of APC resistance (and FVL) is increased in patients with RVO compared to controls, but the effect is only moderate. Therefore, there is no indication for general screening of factor V mutation in all patients with RVO. We recommend this test to be performed in patients older than 50 years with an additional history of thromboembolic event and in younger patients without general risk factors like hypertension.

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