scholarly journals Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion and Cerebral/Renal Salt Wasting Syndrome: Similarities and Differences

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Young Oh ◽  
Jae Il Shin
Keyword(s):  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion ◽  
Salt Wasting ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion ◽  
Renal Salt Wasting ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Salt Wasting Syndrome

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis between syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and cerebral/renal salt wasting syndrome in children over 1 year: proposal for a simple algorithm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaminia Bardanzellu ◽  
Maria Antonietta Marcialis ◽  
Roberta Frassetto ◽  
Alice Melis ◽  
Vassilios Fanos
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Extracellular Volume ◽  
Simple Algorithm ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion ◽  
Salt Wasting ◽  
Renal Salt Wasting

AbstractHyponatremia, especially if acute and severe, can be a life-threatening condition. Several conditions can trigger hyponatremia. In this review, we will discuss two conditions that can determine euvolemic hyponatremia: the cerebral/renal salt wasting (CRSW) syndrome and the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), including the two subtypes: reset osmostat (RO) and nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (NSIAD) and their differential diagnoses. Despite the passage of over 70 years since its first description, to date, the true etiopathogenesis of CRSW syndrome, a rare cause of hypovolemic/euvolemic hyponatremia, is almost unknown. SIADH, including RO and NSIAD, is sometimes difficult to differentiate from CRSW syndrome; in its differential diagnosis, the clinical approach based on the evaluation of the extracellular volume (ECV) was proven insufficient. We therefore suggest a simple diagnostic algorithm based on the assessment of the degree of hyponatremia, urinary osmolality, and the assessment of the fraction of urate excretion (FEUa) in conditions of hyponatremia and after serum sodium correction, to be applied in children over 1 year of life.

PITUITARY ADENOMA ASSOCIATED WITH INAPPROPRIATE ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE SECRETION

1974 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal C. Greiss ◽  
Arnold M. Moses ◽  
Dorothy T. Krieger
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Ethanol Ingestion ◽  
Water Load ◽  
Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion ◽  
Salt Wasting ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion ◽  
Chromophobe Adenoma ◽  
Suprasellar Extension

ABSTRACT A 50 year old male with a chromophobe adenoma with suprasellar extension manifested hyponatraemia, plasma hypoosmolality, renal salt wasting and inability to excrete dilute urine after a standard water load. The patient exhibited no evidence of thyroid or adrenal insufficiency. The inability to excrete a water load was not corrected by prior cortisone administration but was partially corrected after ethanol ingestion. A measurable inappropriate amount of arginine vasopressin was excreted in the presence of sustained hydration. It is suggested that inappropriate production of antidiuretic hormone either by the adenoma, or secondary to hypothalamic involvement by the suprasellar extension of the tumour was responsible for the observed findings.

scholarly journals Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and cerebral salt wasting as the common causes of hyponatremia in tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Yogesh Pralhad Bade ◽  
Harishchandra Rameshchandra Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Cerebral Salt Wasting ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion ◽  
Salt Wasting ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common

Background: Hyponatremia is a typical condition of electrolyte disturbance that may be euvolemic, hypovolemic or hypervolemic. Proper interpretation through laboratory tests helps to differentiate the types and causes of hyponatremia. This study was conducted to evaluate the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and cerebral salt wasting (CSW) as the common causes of hyponatremia in tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted, including hyponatremia cases, admitted in NTU/ICU/CCU and other medical wards at Ruby Hall Clinic from August 2011 to December 2013.Results: Of 150 patients enrolled in this study, 33.33% patients were euvolemic, 34% patients were hypervolemic and 32.66% patients were hypovolemic. For the euvolemic patients, SIADH (68%) was the most common cause; whereas, CSW (34.39%) was the common cause for hypovolemic type of hyponatremia. Stroke was found to be the most common cause of SIADH (55.88%), Intra-cerebral bleeding was observed to be the most common causative factor between SIADH and CSW associated hyponatremia.Conclusions: Hyponatremia in central nervous system disorder patients frequently occurred due to SIADH and CSW. Most common cause of SIADH was stroke and for CSW it was intra cerebral bleed.

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