scholarly journals Effect of Treatment Modality on the Hypothalamic–Pituitary Function of Patients Treated with Radiation Therapy for Pituitary Adenomas: Hypothalamic Dose and Endocrine Outcomes

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Elson ◽  
Joseph Bovi ◽  
Kawaljeet Kaur ◽  
Diana Maas ◽  
Grant Sinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Pituitary Function ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

scholarly journals Treatment of Aggressive Pituitary Adenomas: A Case-Based Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odelia Cooper ◽  
Vivien Bonert ◽  
Ning-Ai Liu ◽  
Adam N. Mamelak
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Somatostatin Receptor ◽  
Mtor Inhibitors ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Receptor Ligands ◽  
Somatostatin Receptor Ligands ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

Management of aggressive pituitary adenomas is challenging due to a paucity of rigorous evidence supporting available treatment approaches. Recent guidelines emphasize the need to maximize standard therapies as well as the use of temozolomide and radiation therapy to treat disease recurrence. However, often these adenomas continue to progress over time, necessitating the use of additional targeted therapies which also impact quality of life and long-term outcomes. In this review, we present 9 cases of aggressive pituitary adenomas to illustrate the importance of a multidisciplinary, individualized approach. The timing and rationale for surgery, radiation therapy, temozolomide, somatostatin receptor ligands, and EGFR, VEGF, and mTOR inhibitors in each case are discussed within the context of evidence-based guidelines and clarify strategies for implementing an individualized approach in the management of these difficult-to-treat-adenomas.

scholarly journals Radiation therapy of osteochondrodysplasia in Scottish fold cats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Максим Родионов ◽  
Maksim Rodionov ◽  
Мария Шиндина ◽  
Mariya Shindina ◽  
Ольга Елизарова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Therapy Animals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Radiological Control ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Type

Osteochondrodysplasia in the Scottish Fold cats is the genetic disease, inherited according to the autosomal-dominant type; it is manifested by the deformation of bones and cartilages of the skeleton in the form of unhealthy bone growths in the region of the wrist, metacarpal, fetlock, mesopodial and phalanx joints of breast and pelvic extremities, and also tailed vertebrae. Purpose of research. To assess the effectiveness of radiation therapy in the treatment of Scottish fold cats with osteochondrodysplasia. Materials and methods. 10 Scottish Fold cats (3 males, 7 females; age ― from 5 months to 10 years) with osteochondrodysplasia were treated from 2013 to 2017. All patients had clinical signs of disease in the form of skeletal growths in the wrist, metacarpus, finger bones, lumbar, sacral or tail spine. Most of them (9 of 10) were lame. All patients were examined clinically and radiologically before the treatment. Radiation therapy was carried out on gamma therapy unit «AGAT-R» with inclusion of the affected limbs to the middle of the shoulder or thigh. Immobilization was achieved either by general anesthesia or by means of physical restraint. Fraction doses used were 1.5 Gy up to total doses of 15.0 Gy, 2 to 3 fractions per week. Results. In 9 of 10 cases (90 %) there is a subjective improvement in mobility and regression of lameness after 6 months and furthermore after treatment. Two patients in the group died within 8 and 12 months from extraneous causes, others are alive and well for the time being with no need for pain relief. In three cases a radiological control of skeletal growths was performed, with no signs of progression 6.15 and 71 months after treatment. The maximum observation period is 2196 days, the observation median is 705 days. We used a questionnaire to improve the objectiveness of cat’s mobility and pain assessment before and after treatment. Based on animal owners’ answers the score for each symptom was assigned from 0 (severe dysfunction) to 2 (function not impaired). Scores from individual cases were summed, and the averaged total results were compared. Generally, after radiation therapy, animals’ mobility improved significantly (the averaged mobility score in the group imcreased from 3.0 to 6.5). Conclusion. The radiation therapy is an effective pathogenetic and symptomatic method of treatment of Scottish fold cats with osteochondrodysplasia: in most cases it leads to pain relief and increased mobility of the animal. According to clinical and radiological (in three cases) criteria, it can also be assumed that radiation therapy leads to suppression of the skeletal growths enlargement. The effect of treatment develops within 6 months after its completion and is persistent (lasts for many months and years). The technique involves the use of small total doses, so it does not cause complications and is practically safe for the patient.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone pituitary adenomas

2008 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle J. Clarke ◽  
Dana Erickson ◽  
M. Regina Castro ◽  
John L. D. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Transsphenoidal Surgery ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Pituitary Dysfunction ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Object Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)–secreting pituitary adenomas are rare, representing < 2% of all pituitary adenomas. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with TSH-secreting or clinically silent TSH-immunostaining pituitary tumors among all pituitary adenomas followed at their institution between 1987 and 2003. Patient records, including clinical, imaging, and pathological and surgical characteristics were reviewed. Twenty-one patients (6 women and 15 men; mean age 46 years, range 26–73 years) were identified. Of these, 10 patients had a history of clinical hyperthyroidism, of whom 7 had undergone ablative thyroid procedures (thyroid surgery/131I ablation) prior to the diagnosis of pituitary adenoma. Ten patients had elevated TSH preoperatively. Seven patients presented with headache, and 8 presented with visual field defects. All patients underwent imaging, of which 19 were available for imaging review. Sixteen patients had macroadenomas. Results Of the 21 patients, 18 underwent transsphenoidal surgery at the authors' institution, 2 patients underwent transsphenoidal surgery at another facility, and 1 was treated medically. Patients with TSH-secreting tumors were defined as in remission after surgery if they had no residual adenoma on imaging and had biochemical evidence of hypo-or euthyroidism. Patients with TSH-immunostaining tumors were considered in remission if they had no residual tumor. Of these 18 patients, 9 (50%) were in remission following surgery. Seven patients had residual tumor; 2 of these patients underwent further transsphenoidal resection, 1 underwent a craniotomy, and 4 underwent postoperative radiation therapy (2 conventional radiation therapy, 1 Gamma Knife surgery, and 1 had both types of radiation treatment). Two patients had persistently elevated TSH levels despite the lack of evidence of residual tumor. On pathological analysis and immunostaining of the surgical specimen, 17 patients had samples that stained positively for TSH, 8 for α-subunit, 10 for growth hormone, 7 for prolactin, 2 for adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and 1 for follicle-stimulating hormone/luteinizing hormone. Eleven patients (61%) ultimately required thyroid hormone replacement therapy, and 5 (24%) required additional pituitary hormone replacement. Of these, 2 patients required treatment for new anterior pituitary dysfunction as a complication of surgery, and 2 patients with preoperative partial anterior pituitary dysfunction developed complete panhypopituitarism. One patient had transient diabetes insipidus. The remainder had no change in pituitary function from their preoperative state. Conclusions Thyroid-stimulating hormone–secreting pituitary lesions are often delayed in diagnosis, are frequently macroadenomas and plurihormonal in terms of their pathological characteristics, have a heterogeneous clinical picture, and are difficult to treat. An experienced team approach will optimize results in the management of these uncommon lesions.

Effect of treatment modality on quality of life among patients with urinary bladder cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Nowroozi ◽  
Behzad Abbasi ◽  
Erfan Amini ◽  
Mohammad Reza Nowroozi ◽  
Solmaz Ohadian Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Urinary Bladder Cancer ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

The Need for Adjunctive Focused Radiation Therapy in Pituitary Adenomas

1995 ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
E. Knosp ◽  
A. Perneczky ◽  
K. Kitz ◽  
P. Grunert ◽  
A. Wild
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas

scholarly journals SOX 2 Expression in Human Pituitary Adenomas–Correlations With Pituitary Function

In Vivo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
CRISTINA CAPATINA ◽  
ANCA MARIA CIMPEAN ◽  
MARIUS RAICA ◽  
MIHAIL COCULESCU ◽  
CATALINA POIANA
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Pituitary Function ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Adenomas

Peel-off resection of the pituitary gland for functional pituitary adenomas: pathological significance and impact on pituitary function

Pituitary ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-513
Author(s):  
Yuichi Nagata ◽  
Kazuhito Takeuchi ◽  
Taiki Yamamoto ◽  
Takayuki Ishikawa ◽  
Teppei Kawabata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Pituitary Function
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