scholarly journals Red Clover Isoflavones Influence Estradiol Concentration, Exercise Performance, and Gut Microbiota in Female Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ming Chen ◽  
I-Lin Wang ◽  
Xin-Yi Zhu ◽  
Wan-Chun Chiu ◽  
Yen-Shuo Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

In red clover (Trifolium pratense L.; RC) the main compound is isoflavones, which are selective estrogen receptor modulators for maintaining female health. Isoflavones exert antifatigue effects during exercise in high-temperature environments. This study aimed to investigate the effect of RC supplementation on gut microbiota composition to determine whether it improves intestinal barrier function and exercise performance. Female ICR mice were divided into four groups (n = 8 per group) and orally administered RC once daily for 6 weeks at 0 (vehicle), 308 (RC-1X), 615 (RC-2X), and 1,538 (RC-5X) mg/kg. RC supplementation decreased the fat mass and increased exhaustive swimming time, grip strength, and muscle glycogen in female mice. In the RC supplementation group, serum levels of lactate, ammonia, and creatine kinase decreased after swimming. The estradiol and progesterone levels were higher in the RC group than in the vehicle group. Regarding gut microbiota composition, the RC-2X group may increase intestinal health related to the microorganisms Pseudobutyrivibrio and Parabacteroide. Thus, the use of RC supplements as nutraceuticals could have positive effects on athletes' gut and overall health.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Fibres on Acute Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Hyperpermeability in the Elderly: A Randomised Placebo Controlled Parallel Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1954
Author(s):  
John-Peter Ganda Mall ◽  
Frida Fart ◽  
Julia A. Sabet ◽  
Carl Mårten Lindqvist ◽  
Ragnhild Nestestog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Dietary Fibres ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

The effect of dietary fibres on intestinal barrier function has not been well studied, especially in the elderly. We aimed to investigate the potential of the dietary fibres oat β-glucan and wheat arabinoxylan to strengthen the intestinal barrier function and counteract acute non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (indomethacin)-induced hyperpermeability in the elderly. A general population of elderly subjects (≥65 years, n = 49) was randomised to a daily supplementation (12g/day) of oat β-glucan, arabinoxylan or placebo (maltodextrin) for six weeks. The primary outcome was change in acute indomethacin-induced intestinal permeability from baseline, assessed by an in vivo multi-sugar permeability test. Secondary outcomes were changes from baseline in: gut microbiota composition, systemic inflammatory status and self-reported health. Despite a majority of the study population (85%) showing a habitual fibre intake below the recommendation, no significant effects on acute indomethacin-induced intestinal hyperpermeability in vivo or gut microbiota composition were observed after six weeks intervention with either dietary fibre, compared to placebo.

Supplementation of nano-bubble curcumin extract improves gut microbiota composition and exercise performance in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 3574-3584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ming Chen ◽  
Wan-Chun Chiu ◽  
Yen-Shuo Chiu ◽  
Tong Li ◽  
Hsin-Ching Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

NCE supplementation was able to modulate the gut microbiota increased the Lactobacillus genus.

scholarly journals Beneficial Effects of Non-Encapsulated or Encapsulated Probiotic Supplementation on Microbiota Composition, Intestinal Barrier Functions, Inflammatory Profiles, and Glucose Tolerance in High Fat Fed Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunhye Lee ◽  
Rebecca Kirkland ◽  
Zachary I. Grunewald ◽  
Qingshen Sun ◽  
Louise Wicker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Barrier Functions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Development of obesity-associated comorbidities is related to chronic inflammation, which has been linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis. Thus, modulating gut microbiota composition could have positive effects for metabolic disorders, supporting the use of probiotics as potential therapeutics in vivo, which may be enhanced by a microencapsulation technique. Here we investigated the effects of non-encapsulated or pectin-encapsulated probiotic supplementation (Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei L. casei W8®; L. casei W8) on gut microbiota composition and metabolic profile in high-fat (HF) diet-fed rats. Four male Wistar rat groups (n = 8/group) were fed 10% low-fat, 45% HF, or HF with non-encapsulated or encapsulated L. casei W8 (4 × 107 CFU/g diet) diet for seven weeks. Microbiota composition, intestinal integrity, inflammatory profiles, and glucose tolerance were assessed. Non-encapsulated and pectin-encapsulated probiotic supplementation positively modulated gut microbiota composition in HF-fed male rats. These changes were associated with improvements in gut barrier functions and local and systemic inflammation by non-encapsulated probiotics and improvement in glucose tolerance by encapsulated probiotic treatment. Thus, these findings suggest the potential of using oral non-encapsulated or encapsulated probiotic supplementation to ameliorate obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities.

scholarly journals Effects of Anthocyanin on Intestinal Health: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1331
Author(s):  
Thaísa Agrizzi Verediano ◽  
Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino ◽  
Maria Cristina Dias Paes ◽  
Elad Tako
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Physical Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Allocation Process ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Intestinal health relies on the association between the mucosal immune system, intestinal barrier and gut microbiota. Bioactive components that affect the gut microbiota composition, epithelial physical barrier and intestinal morphology were previously studied. The current systematic review evaluated evidence of anthocyanin effects and the ability to improve gut microbiota composition, their metabolites and parameters of the physical barrier; this was conducted in order to answer the question: “Does food source or extract of anthocyanin promote changes on intestinal parameters?”. The data analysis was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines with the search performed at PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus databases for experimental studies, and the risk of bias was assessed by the SYRCLE tool. Twenty-seven studies performed in animal models were included, and evaluated for limitations in heterogeneity, methodologies, absence of information regarding allocation process and investigators’ blinding. The data were analyzed, and the anthocyanin supplementation demonstrated positive effects on intestinal health. The main results identified were an increase of Bacteroidetes and a decrease of Firmicutes, an increase of short chain fatty acids production, a decrease of intestinal pH and intestinal permeability, an increase of the number of goblet cells and tight junction proteins and villi improvement in length or height. Thus, the anthocyanin supplementation has a potential effect to improve the intestinal health. PROSPERO (CRD42020204835).

scholarly journals Interplay Between Exercise and Gut Microbiome in the Context of Human Health and Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Clauss ◽  
Philippe Gérard ◽  
Alexis Mosca ◽  
Marion Leclerc
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Intense Exercise ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Gut microbiota and exercise have recently been shown to be interconnected. Both moderate and intense exercise are typically part of the training regimen of endurance athletes, but they exert different effects on health. Moderate exercise has positive effects on the health of average athletes, such as a reduction in inflammation and intestinal permeability and an improvement in body composition. It also induces positive changes in the gut microbiota composition and in the microbial metabolites produced in the gastrointestinal tract. Conversely, intense exercise can increase gastrointestinal epithelial wall permeability and diminish gut mucus thickness, potentially enabling pathogens to enter the bloodstream. This, in turn, may contribute to the increase in inflammation levels. However, elite athletes seem to have a higher gut microbial diversity, shifted toward bacterial species involved in amino acid biosynthesis and carbohydrate/fiber metabolism, consequently producing key metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids. Moreover, rodent studies have highlighted a bidirectional relationship, with exercise impacting the gut microbiota composition while the microbiota may influence performance. The present review focuses on gut microbiota and endurance sports and how this interconnection depends upon exercise intensity and training. After pointing out the limits of the studies so far available, we suggest that taking into account the microbiota composition and its metabolic contribution to human host health could help in monitoring and modulating athletes' health and performance. Such an integrated approach should help in the design of microbiome-based solutions for health or performance.

scholarly journals Kefir Supplementation Modifies Gut Microbiota Composition, Reduces Physical Fatigue, and Improves Exercise Performance in Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ju Hsu ◽  
Wen-Ching Huang ◽  
Jin-Seng Lin ◽  
Yi-Ming Chen ◽  
Shang-Tse Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Physical Fatigue ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition
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