scholarly journals Heat and Drought Stress Impact on Phenology, Grain Yield, and Nutritional Quality of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasnae Choukri ◽  
Kamal Hejjaoui ◽  
Adil El-Baouchi ◽  
Noureddine El haddad ◽  
Abdelaziz Smouni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) is a protein-rich cool-season food legume with an excellent source of protein, prebiotic carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins. With climate change, heat, and drought stresses have become more frequent and intense in lentil growing areas with a strong influence on phenology, grain yield, and nutritional quality. This study aimed to assess the impact of heat and drought stresses on phenology, grain yield, and nutritional quality of lentil. For this purpose, 100 lentil genotypes from the global collection were evaluated under normal, heat, and combined heat-drought conditions. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences (p < 0.001) among lentil genotypes for phenological traits, yield components, and grain quality traits. Under no stress conditions, mineral concentrations among lentil genotypes varied from 48 to 109 mg kg−1 for iron (Fe) and from 31 to 65 mg kg−1 for zinc (Zn), while crude protein content ranged from 22.5 to 32.0%. Iron, zinc, and crude protein content were significantly reduced under stress conditions, and the effect of combined heat-drought stress was more severe than heat stress alone. A significant positive correlation was observed between iron and zinc concentrations under both no stress and stress conditions. Based on grain yield, crude protein, and iron and zinc concentrations, lentil genotypes were grouped into three clusters following the hierarchical cluster analysis. Promising lentil genotypes with high micronutrient contents, crude protein, and grain yield with the least effect of heat and drought stress were identified as the potential donors for biofortification in the lentil breeding program.

Nutritional Quality Of Fermented Oil Palm Press Fiber By Local Microorganism

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-158
Author(s):  
Anton Wicaksono ◽  
Yunilas ◽  
T H Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Fermentation Time

Oil palm press fibre is a byproduct of agro-industry that has a low nutrient content. To improve the nutritional quality of oil palm press fibre, it is carried out with biological processing techniques utilizing the work of indigenous microorganisms derived from local microorganisms of it. The research was conducted experimentally using a completely  randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern with 2 factors (3 x 3), namely first factor such as dose of local microorganisms (D 1 = 1%, D 2 = 3% andD 3 = 5%) and second factor such as long of fermentation (L1 = 7 days, L2 = 14 days and L3 = 21 days), with 3 replications. The parameters of this study consisted of the nutritional content of oil palm press fibre fermented such as moisture, dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash, and BETN. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the combination of treatment with a dose of local microorganisms 5% and fermentation time of 14 days had a significant effect (P<0.05) in increasing crude protein content and did not have a vegetable effect (P>0.05) in increasing the dry matter content and BETN and reducing water content. , crude fat, crude fiber and ash. Giving various doses of local microorganisms and fermentation time can increase crude protein content and have not been able to increase dry matter and BETN content and reduce moisture content, crude fiber and ash.

scholarly journals ACTION OF EXOGENOUS GROWTH REGULATORS ON STRUCTURE INDICES OF WHITE LUPIN GRAIN YIELD AND ITS QUALITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Герман ЯГОВЕНКО ◽  
German YaGOVENKO ◽  
Татьяна ЯГОВЕНКО ◽  
Tat'yana YaGOVENKO ◽  
Наталья ЗАЙЦЕВА ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Exogenous Growth ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Structure Indices

Effect of exogenous growth regulators on structure indices of grain yield and its quality of white lupin varieties Dega and Alyi parus are presented. Comparative analysis of action of chemicals Circon, Epin-extra, Gibberellin, Zavyaz on implementation of pod forming potential, plant productivity, number of pods, seeds per a plant and 1000 seed weight is given. The tested varieties differed in response degree to action of the chemicals. It’s established that the tested chemicals increased the yield of var. Dega by 6.0–7.2% (average during research years). The average increasing of the yield of var. Alyi parus made 20.6–22.0%. In addition it was noticed that the tested chemicals increased the seed size of main stem. Crude protein content in seeds of the var. Dega was 34.7–37.2%; of the var. Alyi parus it was 36.9–37.8%. After the treatment with these chemicals the tendency to increasing of this parameter has been no-ticed. Growth regulators have positive action on elements of white lupin yield structure. The plant productivity increasing made 5.0–10.0% after treatment of growth regulators, after double treatment it made 17.0–28.0%. Seed number growth took place also. In case of double treatment with Epin-extra this index of var. Alyi parus was the highest and made 17.3% compared to the standard and to the treatment with Zavyaz — 22.8%.

scholarly journals Growth and Nutritional Responses of Cowpea (cv. Soronko) to Short-term Elevated Temperature

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1495-1499
Author(s):  
Thalukanyo Nevhulaudzi ◽  
Khayalethu Ntushelo ◽  
Sheku Alfred Kanu
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Short-term variations in temperature associated with climate change have been noted to affect the physiological processes and metabolite profile of plants, including the nutritional status, ultimately affecting their growth and development. An evaluation of the effects of elevated temperatures on the growth and nutritional quality of cowpea was performed during this experiment. The main objective was to evaluate the effects of short-term elevated temperatures on the nutritional quality of cowpea at different growth stages. Surface-sterilized seeds of cowpea (cv. Soronko) were germinated in pots in the glasshouse. At different growth stages (preflowering, flowering, and postflowering), plants were incubated in growth chambers set at three different temperature regimes (25, 30, and 35 °C) for a period of 7 days. Compared with control (25 °C), exposure to both elevated temperatures (30 and 35 °C) reduced the whole plant fresh weight and dry weight by 30% and 52% and 42% and 29%, respectively, at the preflowering stage, and by 31 and 60% and 47 and 63%, respectively, at the flowering/anthesis stage. However, no significant difference in whole plant biomass was noted between elevated temperatures (35%) and the control temperature at the postflowering stage. Short-term exposure to an elevated temperature (35 °C) increased the shoot crude protein content (5.59 N%) of cowpea compared with control (3.77 N%) and preflowering stage. In contrast, at the flowering stage, an elevated temperature (35 °C) reduced the crude protein content (1.77%) of the shoot compared with control (5.59%). At an elevated temperature (35 °C), the preflowering and flowering stages of cowpea were most affected compared with control. These results suggest that the preflowering and flowering stages of cowpea compared with the postflowering stage are more susceptible to elevated temperatures (30 to 35 °C).

scholarly journals Physiological insights into sulfate and selenium interaction to improve drought tolerance in mung bean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aqib ◽  
Fahim Nawaz ◽  
Sadia Majeed ◽  
Abdul Ghaffar ◽  
Khawaja Shafique Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Regulatory Pathways

AbstractThe present study involved two pot experiments to investigate the response of mung bean to the individual or combined SO42− and selenate application under drought stress. A marked increment in biomass and NPK accumulation was recorded in mung bean seedlings fertilized with various SO42− sources, except for CuSO4. Compared to other SO42− fertilizers, ZnSO4 application resulted in the highest increase in growth attributes and shoot nutrient content. Further, the combined S and Se application (S + Se) significantly enhanced relative water content (16%), SPAD value (72%), photosynthetic rate (80%) and activities of catalase (79%), guaiacol peroxidase (53%) and superoxide dismutase (58%) in the leaves of water-stressed mung bean plants. Consequently, the grain yield of mung bean was markedly increased by 105% under water stress conditions. Furthermore, S + Se application considerably increased the concentrations of P (47%), K (75%), S (80%), Zn (160%), and Fe (15%) in mung bean seeds under drought stress conditions. These findings indicate that S + Se application potentially increases the nutritional quality of grain legumes by stimulating photosynthetic apparatus and antioxidative machinery under water deficit conditions. Our results could provide the basis for further experiments on cross-talk between S and Se regulatory pathways to improve the nutritional quality of food crops.

Grazing and the addition of white clover improves the nutritional quality of orchardgrass cultivars

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. A. Papadopoulos ◽  
R. C. Martin ◽  
A. H. Fredeen ◽  
K. B. McRae ◽  
M. A. Price
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Management Effects

Two experiments were conducted to determine the nutritional quality of orchardgrass (OG) cultivars under hay and rotational grazing systems during the first 2 production years. Crude protein content was higher and fibre content lower in OG managed as rotationally grazed pasture compared with that harvested as hay. The K:Ca + Mg ratio was reduced and Cu deficiency was ameliorated when OG swards contained white clover. Orchardgrass genotypic × sward management effects were also observed. Key words: Orchardgrass, management, potassium, genotypes, quality, pasture, hay

scholarly journals Sprinkler irrigation on clay soils in southern Finland III. Effect on the quality of grain yield

1967 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
Paavo Elonen ◽  
Lasse Nieminen ◽  
Osmo Kara
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Stage Of Development

In the present paper the effect of irrigation on the ripening and on the quality of grain yield in the dry summers 1964—1966 was studied. Both the ripening and the quality of grain were found to be highly dependent on the date of irrigation. There was a distinct transitional period, before which irrigation speeded up ripening, decreased the amount of green grains and improved hectoliter weights and »falling numbers». On the contrary, if irrigation was applied after this transitional period, ripening was retarded and the quality of grains was impaired in regard to these properties. This transitional period was in the experimental years about two weeks before ear emergence or about Midsummer. The optimum period of irrigation, in regard to both yield level and to its ripening and quality, was in the middle between sprouting and ear emergence and its length was about two weeks. Wheat, barley and oats all responded to the date of irrigation in about the same way. The placement of fertilizers into the depth of 8—12 cm speeded up ripening and improved hectoliter weights. Particularly, it decreased the unfavourable effect of too late irrigation. The rate of fertilizers had no great influence on the quality of grains. Irrigation did not increase the weight of grains, but it increased the number of grains. The main effect of irrigation was likely to be caused by the tillering of crops, and these adventitious shoots had time to ripen, if irrigation was applied at a sufficiently early stage of development. The crude protein content of both wheat, barley and oats was markedly decreased by irrigation independently of the date of it. This decrease was usually the greater the higher yield was obtained. The decrease in the crude protein content indicates a shortage of nitrogen which was likely to be caused by the scanty mobilizeable resources of nitrogen in the soils long cultivated without leys. Obviously, this unfavourable decrease in the crude protein content could have been prevented with heavy dressings of fertilizer nitrogen.

scholarly journals Copper Nanoparticle Application Enhances Plant Growth and Grain Yield in Maize Under Drought Stress Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Van Nguyen ◽  
Huong Mai Nguyen ◽  
Nga Thanh Le ◽  
Kien Huu Nguyen ◽  
Hoa Thi Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Copper Nanoparticle

scholarly journals Influence of stress conditions on the quality of obtained sprouts – modification of their chemical composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Magdalena Zielińska-Dawidziak
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Chemical Factors

Sprouts are generally accepted as a pro-healthy food. They are consumed as a source of valuable macronutrients, antioxidants, microelements, and vitamins. Changing growth conditions of sprouts enables modification of their nutritional quality, as well as their safety. Thus, in order to achieve the most desirable composition of the produced sprouts, the conditions for their production are optimized. The aim of this review is to present methods currently used to modify the nutritional quality of plant sprouts. Most scientific works focus on stress conditions inducing the synthesis of secondary metabolites, mainly antioxidants. An increase in their content is achieved after application of physical (e.g., light illumination, temperature) or chemical factors (e.g., salinity stress, phytohormones, metal ions, etc). Though the application of these modifications on a larger scale is problematic. These problems include difficulties in predicting the effect of the stressor and an increased price of the obtained sprouts. However, since it is possible to enrich sprouts with valuable health-promoting substances, these methods are still considered very promising.

scholarly journals Proximate and Nutritional Composition of Stored Bulb Onions as Affected by Harvest and Postharvest Treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Irene N. Kiura ◽  
Bernard M. Gichimu ◽  
Felix Rotich
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Curing Period ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Harvesting Stage

Productivity of bulb onions (Allium cepa L.) is largely constrained by postharvest losses. There are several postharvest strategies applicable to onions, but they are mostly applied singularly and therefore their combined effects have not been well studied. This study was set out to evaluate the effects of harvesting stage, curing period, and time of topping on postharvest quality of stored red bulb onions. The study was carried out in Yatta Subcounty, Machakos County, Kenya. The experimental design was split-split plot laid out in a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of harvesting stage (25%, 50%, and 75% top fall), curing period (none, 1 week, and 2 weeks after harvesting), and time of topping (before and after curing). All the treatments were replicated three times. After 3 months of storage, the bulbs were analyzed for proximate and nutritional composition. Bulbs that were harvested at 75% top fall and cured for one or two weeks before topping retained higher moisture content, bulb weight, crude protein, vitamin C, zinc, potassium, calcium, and iron but lower sodium content after three-month storage. These practices are therefore recommended for maintaining the nutritional quality of bulb onions after harvesting.

scholarly journals THE YIELD STABILITY AND QUALITY OF LEGUMES DURING TWO CONSECUTIVE, EXTREMELY DRY YEARS

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Miriam Kizeková ◽  
Ján Tomaškin ◽  
Jozef Čunderlík ◽  
Ľubica Jančová ◽  
Janka Martincová
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Herbage Quality

Abstract This study highlights the effect of drought and ambient temperature on performance and herbage quality of legume monocultures and grass-legume mixtures. In a field experiment, the total dry matter yield, seasonal pattern of dry matter yield distribution, content of crude protein and crude fibre of monocultures of red clover and alfalfa and grass-legume mixtures were investigated during two consecutive dry years (2011-2012). Alfalfa cultivars Kamila and Tereza grown as monocultures or as mixtures with Festulolium braunii (cultivar Achilles) outperformed the red clover cultivars Fresko and Veles and provided a well-balanced total and seasonal dry matter yield during both years. Across all experimental years, crude protein content was significantly higher at alfalfa monocultures and mixture when compared with clover monocultures (P < 0.05). However, considerable lower content of crude fibre at clover monocultures in comparison with alfalfa ones was found. Responses of nutritive parameters of both legume species to weather variables were different. Crude protein content in red clover was independent of rainfall and temperature. In contrast, the crude fibre content correlated with temperature whereby the alfalfa monocultures showed stronger correlations (P < 0.05) than red clover monocultures.

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