scholarly journals Quantification of Allyl Methyl Sulfide, Allyl Methyl Sulfoxide, and Allyl Methyl Sulfone in Human Milk and Urine After Ingestion of Cooked and Roasted Garlic

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Qin ◽  
Katrin Huber ◽  
Moritz Popp ◽  
Patrick Bauer ◽  
Andrea Buettner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Methyl Sulfide ◽  
Methyl Sulfoxide

Chimera of Dimethylene Sulfone-, Methyl Sulfide-, and Methyl Sulfoxide-Linked Ribonucleotides and DNA

1996 ◽  
Vol 61 (21) ◽  
pp. 7620-7626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel K. Baeschlin ◽  
Birgitte Hyrup ◽  
Steven A. Benner ◽  
Clemens Richert
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Sulfide ◽  
Methyl Sulfoxide

p-Chlorophenyl Methyl Sulfide, p-Chlorophenyl Methyl Sulfoxide, and p-Chlorophenyl Methyl Sulfone. II. Subchronic Effects in Rodents and Rhesus Monkeys

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl C. Thake ◽  
Dennis C. Mays ◽  
A. Philip Leber ◽  
Jack C. Dacre
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Methyl Sulfide ◽  
Methyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Serum Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Cns Depression

Rats, mice, and rhesus monkeys were subjected in subchronic exposures to the chemicals p-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide, p-chlorophenyl methyl sulfoxide, and p-chlorophenyl sulfone. Ninety-one-day toxicity studies were conducted by administering test chemicals to rodents at dietary concentrations of 750, 1500, and 3000 ppm. Clinical signs observed included transient central nervous system (CNS) depression, anorexia, and depressed weight gains. Minor alterations of hematologic and clinical chemistry parameters were also present. Gross and microscopic tissue findings in mice and rats included enlargement, necrotic and megalocytic changes of the liver. Damage to bronchiolar epithelium was observed in mice only at the highest exposure level. A 14-day gavage study in monkeys used daily dosages ranging from 2.5 to 80 mg/kg with an additional 15 days allotted for a recovery phase in one-half the test animals. Compound-related findings included lethality, CNS depression, and emesis. There were no significant compound-induced alterations in electrocardiographic or ophthalmic parameters. Serum blood urea nitrogen and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase values were elevated in the highest dosage groups for the three test materials concomitant with increases in liver and kidney weights. Microscopic lesions included proliferative changes in lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow; hepatocellular vacuolization, degeneration, and necrosis; thyroid follicular cell hyperplasia; and degenerative lesions in gastric and intestinal epithelium. No-observable-effect levels (NOELs) were not established for any of the three test chemicals in the species tested.

p-Chlorophenyl Methyl Sulfide, p-Chlorophenyl Methyl Sulfoxide, and p-Chlorophenyl Methyl Sulfone. I. Acute Toxicity and Bacterial Mutagenicity Studies

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Philip Leber ◽  
Jack C. Dacre ◽  
Daryl C. Thake ◽  
Dennis C. Mays
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
Methyl Sulfide ◽  
Methyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Central Nervous System Depression ◽  
Bacterial Mutations ◽  
Rocky Mountain Arsenal

An acute toxicity battery was performed on a series of three chemicals (p-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide, p-chloro-phenyl methyl sulfoxide, and p-chlorophenyl methyl sulfone) which have been identified as ground water contaminants at the U.S. Army's Rocky Mountain Arsenal near Denver. The results indicate that these materials exhibit oral LD50 values in the ranges of 400–620 mg/kg in rats and 330–880 mg/kg in mice. Following dermal exposures, only the sulfide induced death in rabbits. This agent and the sulfoxide induced central nervous system depression for a period of up to 7 days postapplication. Skin irritation potencies in rabbit tests were in the order of sulfoxide > sulfone >> sulfide, whereas ocular test results revealed irritation potencies to be sulfoxide > sulfide > sulfone. Results of guinea pig testing indicated a lack of sensitization potential for all compounds. None of the test materials induced bacterial mutations in Salmonella (five strains) assays that employed Arochlor 1254- and phenobarbital-induced S-9 rat liver activation systems. The most overt short-term effects following exposure to one or more of these agents are the ocular effects and the neurologic/lethal potentials following dermal or oral contact.

Oxidation of Organic Sulfides. IV. Autoxidation of Cyclohex-2-Enyl Methyl Sulfide

1956 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
L. Bateman ◽  
F. W. Shipley
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Dimethyl Disulfide ◽  
Methyl Sulfide ◽  
Organic Sulfides ◽  
Methyl Sulfoxide

Abstract Cyclohex-2-enyl methyl sulfide readily absorbs up to about 0.3 mole of oxygen per mole at 55° to yield a complex mixture. Cyclohexenyl methyl sulfoxide, 6-methylthiocyclohex-2-enone (VIII), cyclohexenone, cyclohexenol, water, and dimethyl disulfide have been identified and estimated approximately quantitatively. A reaction mechanism consistent with these and other experimental data is presented and discussed. Several new keto-sulfides which were required as reference compounds have been prepared and characterized; the sulfide (VIII) and its 3-methylthioisomer (III) show marked antioxidant activity.

p-Chlorophenyl Methyl Sulfide, p-Chlorophenyl Methyl Sulfoxide, and p-Chlorophenyl Methyl Sulfone. III. Toxicokinetics and Metabolism in Rats and Rhesus Monkeys

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack C. Dacre ◽  
A. Philip Leber ◽  
Dennis C. Mays
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Metabolite Formation ◽  
Methyl Sulfide ◽  
Methyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Test Materials

Pharmacokinetic properties of p-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide, p-chlorophenyl methyl sulfoxide, and p-chlorophenyl methyl sulfone were evaluated in rats and rhesus monkeys following oral administration of 14C radiolabeled test materials. In addition, urinary metabolite formation in treated rats was partially assessed, as was microsomal enzyme induction as determined by hexobarbital sleep time assays. All test materials were found to be rapidly absorbed following gavage dosing with a biphasic diminution of blood radiolabel in the rat. As an apparent result of higher dosage levels, rhesus monkeys exhibited both a delayed attainment of peak blood levels and a lower rate of elimination of blood 14C. A minor portion (5–7%) of urinary radioactivity from treated rats was not extractable with chloroform until incubation with deconjugation enzymes was conducted, releasing up to 50%. The values for rhesus monkeys were 15–62% and 50%, respectively; the former values are apparently elevated (relative to rat) due to saturation of conjugate-formation pathways. Decreases were observed for hexobarbital sleep times following 3-day treatment with 50 mg/kg of each of the test compounds and, consistent with hepatomegaly observed in subchronic studies, suggest induction of hepatic microsomal enzymes. The study supports evidence that these chemicals are cleared primarily via the urine in a dose-dependent manner, and are conjugated to water-soluble metabolites in both rats and rhesus monkeys.

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