scholarly journals The Future of Shift Work: Circadian Biology Meets Personalised Medicine and Behavioural Science

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory D. M. Potter ◽  
Thomas R. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Behavioural Science ◽  
The Future ◽  
Circadian Biology

scholarly journals Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology: A New Epoch for Toxicology Research

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T. Mc Auley ◽  
Hyunok Choi ◽  
Kathleen Mooney ◽  
Emily Paul ◽  
Veronica M. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
New Era ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Future ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Innovative Techniques

Systems biology and synthetic biology are emerging disciplines which are becoming increasingly utilised in several areas of bioscience. Toxicology is beginning to benefit from systems biology and we suggest in the future that is will also benefit from synthetic biology. Thus, a new era is on the horizon. This review illustrates how a suite of innovative techniques and tools can be applied to understanding complex health and toxicology issues. We review limitations confronted by the traditional computational approaches to toxicology and epidemiology research, using polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their effects on adverse birth outcomes as an illustrative example. We introduce how systems toxicology (and their subdisciplines, genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic toxicology) will help to overcome such limitations. In particular, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of mathematical frameworks that computationally represent biological systems. Finally, we discuss the nascent discipline of synthetic biology and highlight relevant toxicological centred applications of this technique, including improvements in personalised medicine. We conclude this review by presenting a number of opportunities and challenges that could shape the future of these rapidly evolving disciplines.

Sleep Among Working Adults

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-138
Author(s):  
Faith S. Luyster, PhD ◽  
Lynn M. Baniak ◽  
Eileen R. Chasens ◽  
Christine A. Feeley ◽  
Christopher C. Imes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Living Together ◽  
The Future ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Impact

This chapter discusses sleep among working-age adults (defined as roughly between 18 and 65 years old). Five markers of adulthood include (a) living alone or owning a home; (b) finding a long-term partner and living together; (c) working in a full-time, permanent job, which can involve different work environments, commuting, and shift work, and possible unemployment; (d) having children; and (d) saving for the future. This chapter discusses these markers as they relate to sleep, including changes in sleep behaviors across the lifespan in association with employment as well as shift work and the impact of cosleeping with a partner.

Stem Cells: The Future of Personalised Medicine?

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. MEI.S13177
Author(s):  
Ahmer Irfan ◽  
Irfan Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Pilot Trials ◽  
The Future ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Therapeutic Alternatives

After hitting the headlines in the 1960s, stem cell therapy has been the subject of great optimism in the treatment of many conditions. Discoveries of new procurement methods for various stem cells has allowed the technology and research to progress to a stage where real therapeutic alternatives are potentially viable. In order to determine the direction to move forward, it is first important to analyse the data that has been collected across well researched stem cell types (Embryonic Stem cells, Induced pluripotent stem cells, Haematopoetic stem cells and Mesenchymal stem cells) as well as emerging stem cell types (Very-small-embryonic-like stem cells, Spermatogonial stem cells and Parthenogenetic stem cells). Whilst by no means conclusive, the data does support the optimism surrounding these cells. Whilst stem cells may be embraced as the future of personalised medicine, following these pilot trials, research needs to become more focussed to allow advancement.

scholarly journals Recent advances in treatment for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon van Rij ◽  
Peter Gilling
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Patient Needs ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Future

Clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), often identified as a worsening ability of a male to pass urine, is a significant problem for men in our society. In 2015, the use of personalised medicine is tailoring treatment to individual patient needs and to genetic characteristics. Technological advances in surgical treatment are changing the way BPH is treated and are resulting in less morbidity. The future of BPH treatments is exciting, and a number of novel techniques are currently under clinical trial.

scholarly journals Teaching interview skills to preclinical medical students

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith L. Dawkins ◽  
Lynne M. Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Medical Sociology ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Behavioural Science ◽  
Whole Person ◽  
The Future ◽  
Preclinical Medical Students ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Academic Study

The early years of medical students' experience can clearly be important in shaping their attitudes for the future. Typically pre-clinical students are bombarded with basic science subjects and many express the view that it is difficult to see the relevance of much of their academic study to their ambition of working with people. The Behavioural Science Course which is generally held during the students' second year is one of the few courses which is devoted to the functioning of the whole person in society. Typically, this course includes psychology and medical sociology.

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