scholarly journals The Inverse Relationship between the Microstructural Variability of Amygdala-Prefrontal Pathways and Trait Anxiety Is Moderated by Sex

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Justin Kim ◽  
Annemarie C. Brown ◽  
Alison M. Mattek ◽  
Samantha J. Chavez ◽  
James M. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Microstructural Variability

Influence of a Wellness Course on Meaning-in-Life and Anxiety of Counselors-in-Training

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
Trace Pirtle ◽  
Xuesong Wang ◽  
Randel Brown ◽  
Hanna L. Lainas
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Counselor Trainees ◽  
Counselors In Training ◽  
Wellness Course ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Strong Inverse Relationship

This study examined how a special wellness course affects perception of meaning-in-life and state-trait anxiety of Hispanic counselor trainees. A quantitative analysis showed an increase in participants’ perception of meaning-in-life and a concurrent decrease in anxiety. Participants’ self-reports revealed how their perception of meaning-in-life and anxiety levels changed over the course of time. Together, the results confirmed a strong inverse relationship between meaning-in-life and anxiety. The implications and applicability of the study were discussed.

scholarly journals Anxiety in Relatives of Patients Admitted to Cardiac Care Units and its Relationship with Spiritual Health and Religious Coping

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Dehghanrad ◽  
Marjan Mosallanejad ◽  
Marzieh Momennasab
Keyword(s):  
Religious Coping ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Cardiac Care ◽  
Negative Religious Coping ◽  
Positive Religious Coping

Objective. This work sought to determine the level of anxiety in relatives of patients admitted to CCUs and its relationship with spiritual health and religious coping. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 relatives of Cardiac Care Units patients in Jahrom, Iran. Required data was collected using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Paloutzian-Ellison Spiritual Well Being Scale (SWBS), and the Pargament Brief RCOPE questionnaire. Results. The results showed that both levels of state and trait anxiety were moderate and the level of total spiritual health was high. Anxiety score had an inverse relationship with spiritual health (r=-0.52) and a direct relationship with negative religious coping score (r=0.25). However, no significant relationship was found between total anxiety score and positive religious coping (p>0.05). There was a direct relationship between spiritual health and positive religious coping (r=0.19), and an inverse relationship between spiritual health and negative religious coping(r=-0.36). Conclusion. According to the findings of the study, it is suggested to paying attention to the reinforcement of spiritual attitudes, beliefs, and religious coping strategies to reduce their anxiety in CCU patients.

scholarly journals Relacion entre autoconcepto físico, ansiedad y personalidad manifestada en usuarios de gimnasios (Relationship between physical self-concept, anxiety and personality in gym clients)

Retos ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Mª Luisa Zagalaz Sánchez ◽  
Rosario Castro López ◽  
Pedro Valdivia Moral ◽  
Javier Cachón Zagalaz
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Neo Five Factor Inventory

El propósito de este trabajo es estudiar el autoconcepto físico a través de la relación que posee con variables psicológicas como la ansiedad y la personalidad de usuarios de gimnasios. En el estudio han participado 154 sujetos, en edades comprendidas entre los 16 y 49 años (edad media de 24.97 años, desviación típica=±6.92). Los instrumentos utilizados para medir estos constructos han sido el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto (AF5), el Cuestionario de Ansiedad Estado–Rasgo (STAI), y el Instrumento de Evaluación de la Personalidad (NEO-FFI). Los análisis de correlación efectuados han puesto de manifiesto la conexión entre las variables objeto de estudio entre las que destacan la relación inversa entre autoconcepto físico y ansiedad-rasgo. Por otra parte, en el estudio de regresión lineal realizado se han detectado las dimensiones Neuroticismo y Responsabilidad como aquellas que tienen mayor relación con el Autoconcepto físico.Abstract. The purpose of this work is to study physical self-concept through its relationship with psychological variables, such as anxiety and personality, in gym clients. The sample was composed by 154 participants aged between 16 and 49 years (mean age 24.97 years, SD = ± 6.92). The instruments used to measure these constructs were the Self-Concept Questionnaire (AF5), the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Correlation analyses confirmed significant connections among the variables studied, with emphasis on the inverse relationship between physical self-concept and trait anxiety. Moreover, linear regression analysis demonstrated that Neuroticism and Responsibility are the dimensions with strongest relation with physical self-concept.

Locating Al in the DABCO catalyst before and after Al extraction

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-267
Author(s):  
Kathleen B. Reuter
Keyword(s):  
Active Site ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Transverse Direction ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Acid Phosphate ◽  
Fracture Surfaces ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Relationship Of

The reaction rate and efficiency of piperazine to 1,4-diazabicyclo-octane (DABCO) depends on the Si/Al ratio of the MFI topology catalysts. The Al was shown to be the active site, however, in the Si/Al range of 30-200 the reaction rate increases as the Si/Al ratio increases. The objective of this work was to determine the location and concentration of Al to explain this inverse relationship of Al content with reaction rate.Two silicalite catalysts in the form of 1/16 inch SiO2/Al2O3 bonded extrudates were examined: catalyst A with a Si/Al of 83; and catalyst B, the acid/phosphate Al extracted form of catalyst A, with a Si/Al of 175. Five extrudates from each catalyst were fractured in the transverse direction and particles were obtained from the fracture surfaces near the center of the extrudate diameter. Particles were also obtained from the outside surfaces of five extrudates.

Hearing in Mice via GSR Audiometry

1963 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles I. Berlin
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Single Units ◽  
Sensitivity Curve ◽  
Basic Tool ◽  
Eighth Nerve ◽  
Pure Tones ◽  
Conditioned Responses ◽  
Frequency Intensity ◽  
Near Threshold

Hearing in mice has been difficult to measure behaviorally. With GSR as the basic tool, the sensitivity curve to pure tones in mice has been successfully outlined. The most sensitive frequency-intensity combination was 15 000 cps at 0-5 dB re: 0.0002 dyne/cm 2 , with responses noted from 1 000 to beyond 70 000 cps. Some problems of reliability of conditioning were encountered, as well as findings concerning the inverse relationship between the size of GSR to unattenuated tones and the sound pressure necessary to elicit conditioned responses at or near threshold. These data agree well with the sensitivity of single units of the eighth nerve of the mouse.

Effects of Fear Induction on Heart Period Variability

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Stark ◽  
Alfons Hamm ◽  
Anne Schienle ◽  
Bertram Walter ◽  
Dieter Vaitl
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Heart Period ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Heart Period Variability ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Period Variability

Abstract The present study investigated the influence of contextual fear in comparison to relaxation on heart period variability (HPV), and analyzed differences in HPV between low and high anxious, nonclinical subjects. Fifty-three women participated in the study. Each subject underwent four experimental conditions (control, fear, relaxation, and a combined fear-relaxation condition), lasting 10 min each. Fear was provoked by an unpredictable aversive human scream. Relaxation should be induced with the aid of verbal instructions. To control for respiratory effects on HPV, breathing was paced at 0.2 Hz using an indirect light source. Besides physiological measures (HPV measures, ECG, respiration, forearm EMG, blood pressure), emotional states (pleasure, arousal, dominance, state anxiety) were assessed by subjects' self-reports. Since relaxation instructions did not have any effect neither on the subjective nor on the physiological variables, the present paper focuses on the comparison of the control and the fear condition. The scream reliably induced changes in both physiological and self-report measures. During the fear condition, subjects reported more arousal and state anxiety as well as less pleasure and dominance. Heart period decreased, while EMG and diastolic blood pressure showed a tendency to increase. HPV remained largely unaltered with the exception of the LF component, which slightly decreased under fear induction. Replicating previous findings, trait anxiety was negatively associated with HPV, but there were no treatment-specific differences between subjects with low and high trait anxiety.

Must We Suffer to Succeed?

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Strack ◽  
Paulo Lopes ◽  
Francisco Esteves ◽  
Pablo Fernandez-Berrocal
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Why do some people work best under pressure? In two studies, we examined whether and how people use anxiety to motivate themselves. As predicted, clarity of feelings moderated the relationship between trait anxiety and the tendency to use this emotion as a source of motivation (i.e., anxiety motivation). Furthermore, anxiety motivation mediated the relationship between trait anxiety and outcomes – including academic achievement (Study 1) as well as persistence and job satisfaction (Study 2). These findings suggest that individuals who are clear about their feelings are more likely to thrive on anxiety and eustress and possibly use these to achieve their goals and find satisfaction at work.

A Confirmatory Factor Analytic Study of Anxiety, Fear, and Behavioral Inhibition System Measures

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Cooper ◽  
Adam M. Perkins ◽  
Philip J. Corr
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Structural Invariance ◽  
Fear And Anxiety

Abstract. Recent revisions to the reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) of personality have highlighted the distinction between the emotions of fear and anxiety. These revisions have substantial implications for self-report measurement; in particular, they raise the question of whether separate traits of fear and anxiety exist and, if so, their interrelationship. To address this question, the current study used confirmatory factor analytic procedures to examine the convergent and discriminant validity of measures of trait anxiety, fear, and the behavioral inhibition system (BIS). We also examined measurement and structural invariance across gender in 167 males and 173 females who completed the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Carver and White BIS Scale, and the Fear Survey Schedule (FSS). The findings suggested that trait anxiety and the BIS scale are relatively distinct from Tissue Damage Fear (FSS). Further, the final model showed measurement and structural invariance across gender. The implications of the results for future self-report assessment in RST research are discussed.

The Direction of Affective Priming as a Function of Trait Anxiety When Naming Target Words With Regular and Irregular Pronunciation

2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Berner ◽  
Markus A. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Reading Aloud ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Affective Priming ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Expected Effect ◽  
Negative Affective Priming ◽  
Whole Word ◽  
German Data ◽  
Target Words

Abstract. Results from an affective priming experiment confirm the previously reported influence of trait anxiety on the direction of affective priming in the naming task ( Maier, Berner, & Pekrun, 2003 ): On trials in which extremely valenced primes appeared, positive affective priming reversed into negative affective priming with increasing levels of trait anxiety. Using valenced target words with irregular pronunciation did not have the expected effect of increasing the extent to which semantic processes play a role in naming, as affective priming effects were not stronger for irregular targets than for regular targets. This suggests the predominant operation of a whole-word nonsemantic pathway in reading aloud in German. Data from neutral priming trials hint at the possibility that negative affective priming in participants high in trait anxiety is due to inhibition of congruent targets.

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