scholarly journals Binding in working memory and frontal lobe in normal aging: is there any similarity with autism?

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grégory Lecouvey ◽  
Peggy Quinette ◽  
Grégoria Kalpouzos ◽  
Bérengère Guillery-Girard ◽  
Alexandre Bejanin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Normal Aging

scholarly journals Normal Aging of the Attentional Control Functions That Underlie Working Memory

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 698-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Sylvain-Roy ◽  
Ovidiu Lungu ◽  
Sylvie Belleville
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Control Functions

Contributions of Brain Function and Structure to Three Different Domains of Cognitive Control in Normal Aging

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Jenny R. Rieck ◽  
Giulia Baracchini ◽  
Cheryl L. Grady
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Diffusion Imaging ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
And Task

Cognitive control involves the flexible allocation of mental resources during goal-directed behavior and comprises three correlated but distinct domains—inhibition, shifting, and working memory. The work of Don Stuss and others has demonstrated that frontal and parietal cortices are crucial to cognitive control, particularly in normal aging, which is characterized by reduced control mechanisms. However, the structure–function relationships specific to each domain and subsequent impact on performance are not well understood. In the current study, we examined both age and individual differences in functional activity associated with core domains of cognitive control in relation to fronto-parietal structure and task performance. Participants ( N = 140, aged 20–86 years) completed three fMRI tasks: go/no-go (inhibition), task switching (shifting), and n-back (working memory), in addition to structural and diffusion imaging. All three tasks engaged a common set of fronto-parietal regions; however, the contributions of age, brain structure, and task performance to functional activity were unique to each domain. Aging was associated with differences in functional activity for all tasks, largely in regions outside common fronto-parietal control regions. Shifting and inhibition showed greater contributions of structure to overall decreases in brain activity, suggesting that more intact fronto-parietal structure may serve as a scaffold for efficient functional response. Working memory showed no contribution of structure to functional activity but had strong effects of age and task performance. Together, these results provide a comprehensive and novel examination of the joint contributions of aging, performance, and brain structure to functional activity across multiple domains of cognitive control.

scholarly journals Chronic Intake of Wild Blueberry Extract and Powder Maintains Episodic‐Like and Working Memory During Normal Aging in Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Fromentin ◽  
Ali Krazem ◽  
Nadia Henkouss ◽  
Marc Roller ◽  
Daniel Beracochea
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Wild Blueberry

scholarly journals Working Memory and Executive Function Decline across Normal Aging, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer’s Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Mariya Kirova ◽  
Rebecca B. Bays ◽  
Sarita Lagalwar
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Neurological Differences

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease marked by deficits in episodic memory, working memory (WM), and executive function. Examples of executive dysfunction in AD include poor selective and divided attention, failed inhibition of interfering stimuli, and poor manipulation skills. Although episodic deficits during disease progression have been widely studied and are the benchmark of a probable AD diagnosis, more recent research has investigated WM and executive function decline during mild cognitive impairment (MCI), also referred to as the preclinical stage of AD. MCI is a critical period during which cognitive restructuring and neuroplasticity such as compensation still occur; therefore, cognitive therapies could have a beneficial effect on decreasing the likelihood of AD progression during MCI. Monitoring performance on working memory and executive function tasks to track cognitive function may signal progression from normal cognition to MCI to AD. The present review tracks WM decline through normal aging, MCI, and AD to highlight the behavioral and neurological differences that distinguish these three stages in an effort to guide future research on MCI diagnosis, cognitive therapy, and AD prevention.

P2.021 Spatial working memory in normal aging and mild cognitive impairment (MCI)

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. S49
Author(s):  
R.P.C. Kessels ◽  
O. Meulenbroek ◽  
G. Fernandez ◽  
M.G.M. Olde Rikkert
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Normal Aging

scholarly journals Alterations in Brain Activation During Working Memory Processing Associated With Breast Cancer and Treatment: A Prospective Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (20) ◽  
pp. 2500-2508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenna C. McDonald ◽  
Susan K. Conroy ◽  
Tim A. Ahles ◽  
John D. West ◽  
Andrew J. Saykin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Interaction

Purpose To prospectively examine alterations in working memory (WM) –associated brain activation related to breast cancer and treatment by using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Patients and Methods Patients treated with chemotherapy (CTx+; n = 16) or without chemotherapy (CTx−; n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 15) were scanned during an n-back task at baseline (after surgery but before radiation, chemotherapy, and/or antiestrogen treatment), 1 month after completion of chemotherapy (M1), and 1 year later (Y1), or at yoked intervals for CTx− and controls. SPM5 was used for all image analyses, which included cross-sectional between-group and group-by-time interaction and longitudinal within-group analyses, all using a statistical threshold of 0.001. Results At baseline, patients with cancer showed increased bifrontal and decreased left parietal activation compared with controls. At M1, both cancer groups showed decreased frontal hyperactivation compared with controls, with increased hyperactivation at Y1. These cross-sectional findings were confirmed by group-by-time interaction analyses, which showed frontal activation decreases from baseline to M1 in patients compared with controls. Within-group analyses showed different patterns of longitudinal activation change by treatment group (CTx+ or CTx−), with prominent alterations in the frontal lobes bilaterally. Conclusion Significant frontal lobe hyperactivation to support WM was found in patients with breast cancer. Superimposed on this background, patients showed decreased frontal activation at M1, with partial return to the previously abnormal baseline at Y1. These functional changes correspond to frontal lobe regions where we previously reported structural changes in this cohort and provide prospective, longitudinal data that further elucidate mechanisms underlying cognitive effects related to breast cancer and its treatment.

Primary or working memory in frontal lobe epilepsy: An18 FDG-PET study of dysfunctional zones

Neurology ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Swartz ◽  
E. Halgren ◽  
F. Simpkins ◽  
J. Fuster ◽  
M. Mandelkern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Frontal Lobe Epilepsy
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