scholarly journals Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System: New Potential Imaging Techniques and Biomarkers in Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milani Deb-Chatterji ◽  
Simon Schuster ◽  
Vivien Haeussler ◽  
Christian Gerloff ◽  
Götz Thomalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Primary Angiitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Primary Angiitis of the Center Nervous System: A Clinical Challenge Diagnosed Postmortem

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayan Al Share ◽  
Ali Zakaria ◽  
Evan Hiner ◽  
Ziyad Iskenderian ◽  
Nader Warra
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Comfort Care ◽  
Systemic Involvement ◽  
Primary Angiitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is a rare vasculitis involving medium and small blood vessels of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges, without systemic involvement. The diffuse and patchy nature of its pathology is reflected by a wide spectrum of nonspecific clinical symptoms. Diagnosis is challenging due to lack of defined clinical criteria or specific imaging findings. Specific workup should be done only after exclusion of other etiologies, including infectious, neoplastic, toxic, and other vascular etiologies including systemic vasculitis. Given the fact that it is a patchy disease with 25% of the biopsies being falsely negative, treating physician should have a high index of suspicion despite negative initial neurovascular imaging and biopsy results. Once diagnosed, early treatment with immunosuppressive therapy is essential to avoid permanent neurologic damage. Herein, we are reporting a case of 66-year-old female patient who presented with insidious onset right-sided frontal headache. Her hospital course progressively worsened and family decision based on her wishes was to refer her to hospice and comfort care. Despite an extensive workup with advanced imaging techniques, no diagnosis was established until postmortem autopsy and histopathology confirmed primary angiitis of the central nervous system.

Immune cell profiling in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with primary angiitis of the central nervous system reflects the heterogeneity of the disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Strunk ◽  
Andreas Schulte-Mecklenbeck ◽  
Kristin S. Golombeck ◽  
Gerd Meyer zu Hörste ◽  
Nico Melzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Primary Angiitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal Fluid Concentrations of Neuronal Proteins Are Reduced in Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tillmann Ruland ◽  
Jolien Wolbert ◽  
Michael G. Gottschalk ◽  
Simone König ◽  
Andreas Schulte-Mecklenbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neuronal Proteins ◽  
Primary Angiitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

CHAPTER 9: Immunology of TBEV-Infections

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Viral Infectious Disease ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infectious disease of the central nervous system caused by the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). TBE is usually a biphasic disease and in humans the virus can only be detected during the first (unspecific) phase of the disease. Pathogenesis of TBE is not well understood, but both direct viral effects and immune-mediated tissue damage of the central nervous system may contribute to the natural course of TBE. The effect of TBEV on the innate immune system has mainly been studied in vitro and in mouse models. Characterization of human immune responses to TBEV is primarily conducted in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid, due to the inaccessibility of brain tissue for sample collection. Natural killer (NK) cells and T cells are activated during the second (meningo-encephalitic) phase of TBE. The potential involvement of other cell types has not been examined to date. Immune cells from peripheral blood, in particular neutrophils, T cells, B cells and NK cells, infiltrate into the cerebrospinal fluid of TBE patients.

scholarly journals Development of the Cerebrospinal Fluid in Early Stage after Hemorrhage in the Central Nervous System

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Petr Kelbich ◽  
Aleš Hejčl ◽  
Jan Krejsek ◽  
Tomáš Radovnický ◽  
Inka Matuchová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Molecular Patterns

Extravasation of blood in the central nervous system (CNS) represents a very strong damaged associated molecular patterns (DAMP) which is followed by rapid inflammation and can participate in worse outcome of patients. We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 139 patients after the CNS hemorrhage. We compared 109 survivors (Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) 5-3) and 30 patients with poor outcomes (GOS 2-1). Statistical evaluations were performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann–Whitney U test. Almost the same numbers of erythrocytes in both subgroups appeared in days 0–3 (p = 0.927) and a significant increase in patients with GOS 2-1 in days 7–10 after the hemorrhage (p = 0.004) revealed persistence of extravascular blood in the CNS as an adverse factor. We assess 43.3% of patients with GOS 2-1 and only 27.5% of patients with GOS 5-3 with low values of the coefficient of energy balance (KEB < 15.0) in days 0–3 after the hemorrhage as a trend to immediate intensive inflammation in the CNS of patients with poor outcomes. We consider significantly higher concentration of total protein of patients with GOS 2-1 in days 0–3 after hemorrhage (p = 0.008) as the evidence of immediate simultaneously manifested intensive inflammation, swelling of the brain and elevation of intracranial pressure.

scholarly journals Lymphocytic primary angiitis of the central nervous system with fan-shaped linear enhancement converging to the lateral ventricles: a case report

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 709-714
Author(s):  
Taro Okunomiya ◽  
Takashi Kageyama ◽  
Kanta Tanaka ◽  
Daisuke Kambe ◽  
Akiyo Shinde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Lateral Ventricles ◽  
Primary Angiitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System
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