scholarly journals Postural Hand Synergies during Environmental Constraint Exploitation

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosimo Della Santina ◽  
Matteo Bianchi ◽  
Giuseppe Averta ◽  
Simone Ciotti ◽  
Visar Arapi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Constraint ◽  
Hand Synergies

Hand Posture Reconstruction Through Task-Dependent Hand Synergies

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Bingchen Liu ◽  
Li Jiang ◽  
Shaowei Fan
Keyword(s):  
Hand Posture ◽  
Hand Synergies

scholarly journals Plant growth under suboptimal water conditions: early responses and methods to study them

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1706-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Dubois ◽  
Dirk Inzé
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Environmental Constraint ◽  
Early Stress ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Drought stress forms a major environmental constraint during the life cycle of plants, often decreasing plant yield and in extreme cases threatening survival. The molecular and physiological responses induced by drought have been the topic of extensive research during the past decades. Because soil-based approaches to studying drought responses are often challenging due to low throughput and insufficient control of the conditions, osmotic stress assays in plates were developed to mimic drought. Addition of compounds such as polyethylene glycol, mannitol, sorbitol, or NaCl to controlled growth media has become increasingly popular since it offers the advantage of accurate control of stress level and onset. These osmotic stress assays enabled the discovery of very early stress responses, occurring within seconds or minutes following osmotic stress exposure. In this review, we construct a detailed timeline of early responses to osmotic stress, with a focus on how they initiate plant growth arrest. We further discuss the specific responses triggered by different types and severities of osmotic stress. Finally, we compare short-term plant responses under osmotic stress versus in-soil drought and discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and future of these plate-based proxies for drought.

scholarly journals Analysis of hand synergies in healthy subjects during bimanual manipulation of various objects

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathanaël Jarrassé ◽  
Adriano Ribeiro ◽  
Anis Sahbani ◽  
Wael Bachta ◽  
Agnes Roby-Brami
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Hand Synergies

scholarly journals Proposed Research for Innovative Solutions for Chickpeas and Beans in a Climate Change Scenario: The Mediterranean Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1315
Author(s):  
Federico Martinelli ◽  
Francisco Javier Ollero ◽  
Antonio Giovino ◽  
Anna Perrone ◽  
Abdelkader Bekki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Environmental Constraint ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

In order to gain insight into the complex molecular networks driving legume adaptation caused by climate change, it is necessary to deeply characterize the existing germplasm in response to the environmental constraint predicted to worsen in the near future: drought. In this study, we propose to perform a three-year deep agronomic characterization of local genotypes of selected legumes in abiotic stressing conditions through controlled and field experiments conducted in several countries of the Mediterranean basin (Italy, Spain, Algeria, Tunisia, Turkey, Lebanon, and Croatia). These phenotypic analyses will be integrated with a multi-omic approach aiming at identifying the key players involved in the modulation of the analyzed traits that includes the analysis of the plant methylome, transcriptome, and proteome. Following this approach, we propose to deliver epigenomic markers linked with rapid adaptation mechanisms in response to drought. Besides, new genetic variability by breeding could be created in stressing conditions and produce the basis for the obtainment of more productive cultivars in worsening environments. The epigenetic marks identified in “omic” activities will be validated in molecular marker-assisted selection in F2–F4 populations. Finally, specific rhizobia strains for the best evaluated genotypes will be identified in order to enhance symbiotic nitrogen fixation in drought stress conditions with selected cultivars.

3.4 Lactation Curves

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
P. D. P. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Study Strategies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Decay Function ◽  
Environmental Constraint ◽  
Lactation Curve ◽  
Algebraic Description ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Two Parameters

An algebraic description of the lactation curve is a useful component of any model of the day-to-day production of lactating animals. Observation and common sense suggest that such a function should rise to a peak early in lactation and decline thereafter but simpler models have been used. Ostergaard (1979), for example, used a linear model to study strategies for concentrate feeding to obtain optimum feeding levels in high yielding dairy cows. His model waswhere y (t) was the yield in week t and a and b were the usual linear regression coefficients. The error term is omitted here and elsewhere for clarity. Gaines (1927) used the decay functionwhere A and k are the constants fitted to log y (t).These models, one linear, the other exponential, peak in Week 1 and require only two parameters. In this paper, more sophisticated functions are described and compared.A lactation curve is assumed to contain two components, one of which is the intrinsic biological drive to produce milk and the other is an environmental constraint upon it. The algebra may be justified by biological argument according to the skill and the leanings of the modeller.

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