scholarly journals Environmental Enrichment Rescues Visually-Mediated Behavior in Ten-m3 Knockout Mice During an Early Critical Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Blok ◽  
Dylan A. Black ◽  
Justin Petersen ◽  
Atomu Sawatari ◽  
Catherine A. Leamey
Keyword(s):  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Environmental Enrichment

scholarly journals Critical Period Plasticity Is Disrupted in the Barrel Cortex of Fmr1 Knockout Mice

Neuron ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily G. Harlow ◽  
Sally M. Till ◽  
Theron A. Russell ◽  
Lasani S. Wijetunge ◽  
Peter Kind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Barrel Cortex

scholarly journals The olfactory critical period is determined by activity-dependent Sema7A/PlxnC1 signaling within glomeruli

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuko Inoue ◽  
Hirofumi Nishizumi ◽  
Rumi Ooyama ◽  
Kazutaka Mogi ◽  
Katsuhiko Nishimori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Olfactory Sensory Neurons ◽  
Early Exposure ◽  
Signaling Molecule ◽  
Tufted Cells ◽  
Olfactory Imprinting ◽  
Activity Dependent ◽  
Positive Quality

In mice, early exposure to environmental odors affects social behaviors later in life. A signaling molecule, Semaphorin 7A (Sema7A), is induced in the odor-responding olfactory sensory neurons. Plexin C1 (PlxnC1), a receptor for Sema7A, is expressed in mitral/tufted cells, whose dendrite-localization is restricted to the first week after birth. Sema7A/PlxnC1 signaling promotes post-synaptic events and dendrite selection in mitral/tufted cells, resulting in glomerular enlargement that causes an increase in sensitivity to the experienced odor. Neonatal odor experience also induces positive responses to the imprinted odor. Knockout and rescue experiments indicate that oxytocin in neonates is responsible for imposing positive quality on imprinted memory. In the oxytocin knockout mice, the sensitivity to the imprinted odor increases, but positive responses cannot be promoted, indicating that Sema7A/PlxnC1 signaling and oxytocin separately function. These results give new insights into our understanding of olfactory imprinting during the neonatal critical period.

scholarly journals Onecut-2 knockout mice fail to thrive during early postnatal period and have altered patterns of gene expression in small intestine

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary R. Dusing ◽  
Elizabeth A. Maier ◽  
Bruce J. Aronow ◽  
Dan A. Wiginton
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Double Knockout ◽  
Temporal Regulation ◽  
Liver And Pancreas ◽  
In Utero Development ◽  
Knockout Allele

Ablation of the mouse genes for Onecut-2 and Onecut-3 was reported previously, but characterization of the resulting knockout mice was focused on in utero development, principally embryonic development of liver and pancreas. Here we examined postnatal development of these Onecut knockout mice, especially the critical period before weaning. Onecut-3 knockout mice develop normally during this period. However, Onecut-2 knockout mice fail to thrive, lagging behind their littermates in size and weight. By postnatal day (d)19, they are consistently 25–30% smaller. Onecut-2 knockout mice also have a much higher level of mortality before weaning, with only ∼70% survival. Interestingly, Onecut-2 knockout mice that are heterozygous for the Onecut-3 knockout allele are diminished even further in their ability to thrive. They are ∼50–60% as large as their normal-sized littermates at d19, and less than half of these mice survive to weaning. As reported previously, the Onecut-2/Onecut-3 double knockout is a perinatal lethal. Microarray technology was used to determine the effect of Onecut-2 ablation on gene expression in duodenum, whose epithelium has among the highest levels of Onecut-2. A subset of intestinally expressed genes showed dramatically altered patterns of expression. Many of these genes encode proteins associated with the epithelial membrane, including many involved in transport and metabolism. Previously, we reported that Onecut-2 was critical to temporal regulation of the adenosine deaminase gene in duodenum. Many of the genes with altered patterns of expression in Onecut-2 knockout mouse duodenum displayed changes in the timing of gene expression.

scholarly journals Environmental enrichment induces behavioural disturbances in neuropeptide Y knockout mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Reichmann ◽  
Vanessa Wegerer ◽  
Piyush Jain ◽  
Raphaela Mayerhofer ◽  
Ahmed M. Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Environmental Enrichment

scholarly journals Environmental Enrichment Partially Repairs Subcortical Mapping Errors in Ten-m3 Knock-Out Mice during an Early Critical Period

eNeuro ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. ENEURO.0478-18.2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peta Eggins ◽  
James Blok ◽  
Justin Petersen ◽  
Larissa Savvas ◽  
Lara Rogerson-Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Knock Out Mice ◽  
Subcortical Mapping

scholarly journals MEF2C and HDAC5 regulate Egr1 and Arc genes to increase dendritic spine density and complexity in early enriched environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Juan Puang ◽  
Bavani Elanggovan ◽  
Tendy Ching ◽  
Judy C.G. Sng
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Dendritic Spine ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Spine Density ◽  
Dendritic Spine Density ◽  
Visual Cortical ◽  
Dendritic Complexity

Abstract We investigated the effects of environmental enrichment during critical period of early postnatal life and how it interplays with the epigenome to affect experience-dependent visual cortical plasticity. Mice raised in an EE from birth to during CP have increased spine density and dendritic complexity in the visual cortex. EE upregulates synaptic plasticity genes, Arc and Egr1, and a transcription factor MEF2C. We also observed an increase in MEF2C binding to the promoters of Arc and Egr1. In addition, pups raised in EE show a reduction in HDAC5 and its binding to promoters of Mef2c, Arc and Egr1 genes. With an overexpression of Mef2c, neurite outgrowth increased in complexity. Our results suggest a possible underlying molecular mechanism of EE, acting through MEF2C and HDAC5, which drive Arc and Egr1. This could lead to the observed increased dendritic spine density and complexity induced by early EE.

scholarly journals Effects of enriched housing on the neuronal morphology of mice that lack zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) and vesicular zinc

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan B. McAllister ◽  
Sarah E. Thackray ◽  
Brenda Karina Garciá de la Orta ◽  
Elise Gosse ◽  
Purnoor Tak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Spine ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Basolateral Amygdala ◽  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Zinc Transporter ◽  
Neuronal Morphology ◽  
Spine Density ◽  
Dendritic Length ◽  
Dendritic Spine Density

ABSTRACTIn the central nervous system, certain neurons store zinc within the synaptic vesicles of their axon terminals. This vesicular zinc can then be released in an activity-dependent fashion as an intercellular signal. The functions of vesicular zinc are not entirely understood, but evidence suggests that it is important for some forms of experience-dependent plasticity in the brain. The ability of neurons to store and release vesicular zinc is dependent on expression of the vesicular zinc transporter, ZnT3. Here, we examined the neuronal morphology of mice that lack ZnT3. Brains were collected from mice housed under standard laboratory conditions and from mice housed in enriched environments – large, multilevel enclosures with running wheels, numerous objects and tunnels, and a greater number of cage mates. Golgi-Cox staining was used to visualize neurons for analysis of dendritic length and dendritic spine density. Neurons were analyzed from the barrel cortex, striatum, basolateral amygdala, and hippocampus (CA1). ZnT3 knockout mice, relative to wild type mice, exhibited increased basal dendritic length in the layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of barrel cortex, independently of housing condition. Environmental enrichment decreased apical dendritic length in these same neurons and increased dendritic spine density on striatal medium spiny neurons. Elimination of ZnT3 did not modulate any of the effects of enrichment. Our results provide no evidence that vesicular zinc is required for the experience-dependent changes that occur in response to environmental enrichment. They are consistent, however, with recent reports suggesting increased cortical volume in ZnT3 knockout mice.

scholarly journals Environmental Enrichment Rescues Binocular Matching of Orientation Preference in Mice that Have a Precocious Critical Period

Neuron ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bor-Shuen Wang ◽  
Liang Feng ◽  
Mingna Liu ◽  
Xiaorong Liu ◽  
Jianhua Cang
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Orientation Preference ◽  
Binocular Matching
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