scholarly journals Hybrid Agent-Based Modeling of Aspergillus fumigatus Infection to Quantitatively Investigate the Role of Pores of Kohn in Human Alveoli

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Blickensdorf ◽  
Sandra Timme ◽  
Marc Thilo Figge
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Hybrid Agent

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING THE EFFECT OF CO-WORKER SUPPORT ON CONSTRUCTION SAFETY PERFORMANCE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF RISK THEORY: AN AGENT-BASED MODELING APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Ji ◽  
Hsi-Hsien Wei ◽  
Jiayu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Construction Safety ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Risk Theory ◽  
System Level ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Hazardous Area ◽  
Worker Support

Co-worker safety support has been given prominence in manufacturing and transportation field for its positive effect on individual workers’ safety; however, there is little evidence to show if such supporting role of co-workers is significant in improving project-level safety performance in construction workplace. This study adopts agent-based modeling (ABM) to understand the effectiveness of two distinct co-worker-safety-support actions on the safety performance of a construction project. Based on the risk theory, the ABM model simulates a construction site where worker agents reinforce steel bars with the likelihood of suffering crane-related incidents. The results indicate that both co-worker-support actions can significantly reduce the occurrence of nonfatal incidents but shows little influence in fatal incidents, and in reducing high-severity incidents, the action of warning peers to leave the hazardous area has the same effectiveness as reminding peers to wear Personal Protective Equipment. The present study provides a fresh insight into the safety-related role of co-workers: not only reveals how the local-level effects of co-workers’ safety assistance emerge the system-level consequences, but demonstrates the effectiveness of specific peer-support actions on three levels of construction safety performance, and thereby extends our existing body of knowledge on co-worker safety support in the construction field.

scholarly journals Exploring the dynamics of neighborhood ethnic segregation with agent-based modelling: an empirical application to Bradford

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Zuccotti ◽  
Jan Lorenz ◽  
Rocco Paolillo ◽  
Alejandra Rodríguez Sánchez ◽  
Selamavit Serka
Keyword(s):  
Real Data ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Residential Choice ◽  
Ethnic Segregation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Schelling Model ◽  
Residential Moves ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Uk

How individuals’ residential moves in space—derived from their varied preferences and constraints—translate into the overall segregation patterns that we observe, remains a key challenge in neighborhood ethnic segregation research. In this paper we use agent-based modeling to explore this concern, focusing on the interactive role of ethnic and socio-economic homophily preferences and housing constraints as determinants of residential choice. Specifically, we extend the notorious Schelling’s model to a random utility discrete choice approach to simulate the relocation decision of people (micro level) and how they translate into spatial segregation outcomes (macro level). We model different weights for preferences of ethnic and socioeconomic similarity in neighborhood composition over random relocations, in addition to housing constraints. We formalize how different combinations of these variables could replicate real segregation scenarios in Bradford, a substantially segregated local authority in the UK. We initialize our model with geo-referenced data from the 2011 Census and use Dissimilarity and the Average Local Simpson Indices as measures of segregation. As in the original Schelling model, the simulation shows that even mild preferences to reside close to co-ethnics can lead to high segregation levels. Nevertheless, ethnic over-segregation decreases, and results come close to real data, when preferences for socioeconomic similarity are slightly above preferences for ethnic similarity, and even more so when housing constraints are considered in relocation moves of agents. We discuss the theoretical and policy contributions of our work.

scholarly journals Understanding Lactobacillus paracasei and Streptococcus oralis Biofilm Interactions through Agent-Based Modeling

mSphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Archambault ◽  
Sherli Koshy-Chenthittayil ◽  
Angela Thompson ◽  
Anna Dongari-Bagtzoglou ◽  
Reinhard Laubenbacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Streptococcus Oralis

We previously discovered a role of the oral commensal Streptococcus oralis as an accessory pathogen. S. oralis increases the virulence of Candida albicans infections in murine oral candidiasis and epithelial cell models through mechanisms which promote the formation of tissue-damaging biofilms. Lactobacillus species have known inhibitory effects on biofilm formation of many microbes, including Streptococcus species. Agent-based modeling has great advantages as a means of exploring multifaceted relationships between organisms in complex environments such as biofilms.

scholarly journals Rethinking the role of Agent-Based Modeling in archaeology

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 283-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy H. Cegielski ◽  
J. Daniel Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Agent Based
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