scholarly journals Isolation of Thermostable Lignocellulosic Bacteria From Chicken Manure Compost and a M42 Family Endocellulase Cloning From Geobacillus thermodenitrificans Y7

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingling Ma ◽  
Yuchun Zhao ◽  
Limin Meng ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yanglei Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Geobacillus Thermodenitrificans ◽  
Manure Compost

Influence of 3 Kinds of Organic Fertilizers on the Degradation of p, p′-DDT in Clay under Flooding Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 610-613
Author(s):  
Xiao Deng ◽  
Chun Yuan Wu ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Jing Kun Liu ◽  
Qin Fen Li
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Manure Compost ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Cassava Residue ◽  
Degradation Effect

Using pot experiment to study the influence of three organic fertilizers of chicken manure compost (CM), activated sludge (AS) and cassava residue compost (CR) on the degradation of p, p'-DDT in clay soil under flooding conditions. The results showed that the two kinds of organic fertilizers of AS and CM could effectively accelerate the degradation of p, p'-DDT in clay soils, and the degradation effect was the best when adding 2% CM or 3% AS in clay soil. However, the influence of CR on the degradation of p, p'-DDT was not obvious. The degradation rates of P, P′-DDT in the treatment on adding 1% AS were from zero to 7.4% higher than that of 1% CM. The degradation rates of P, P′-DDT in the treatment on adding 2% AS were from zero to 11.3% higher than that of 2% CM. The degradation rates of P, P′-DDT in the treatment on adding 3% AS were from 8.3% to 27.4% higher than that of 3% CM. which indicated that AS is more conducive to the degradation of p, p'-DDT in the clay.

scholarly journals Soil and crop microbiome under soil amendment with poultry manure compost

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia B. Naumova ◽  
Helen N. Ruchko ◽  
Oleg A. Savenkov ◽  
Valentina I. Pleshakova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Manure Compost

The aim of the study. The aim of the study was to review publication about microbiome of chicken manure, chicken manure compost, as well as soil and crop microbiome after compost addition to soil as a fertilizer. Methodology. A search in the bibliographical data bases PubMed and elibrary.ru was performed using the keywords pertaining to the topic of the article. Main results. The results about the chicken manure microbiome, obtained by high throughput sequencing, showed that the chicken gut microbiome is dominated by bacteria of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla; some regional chicken populations were found to have Clostridium, Lactobacillus, Eubacterium, Bacteroides, Escherichia coli, Prevotella, Selenomonas, Streptococcus, Megasphaera, Fusobacterium и Bifidobacterium as the main representatives of the gut microbiome. However, chicken manure can contain bacteria with antibiotic resistance genes, as antibiotics are increasingly used in the poultry industry to stimulate production. In general manure composting can be regarded as environmentally safe method for transforming various organic wastes into organic fertilizers. As increasing output of the poultry industry, which inevitably includes manure, increased the interest to its composting, and recent years have seen unprecedented number of research, dealing with various details of manure composting, such as duration, hydrothermal conditions, added bulking materials, microbiological preparations, abundance of the antibiotic resistance genes, and so on. However, the studies of soil and crop microbiome after soil fertilization with chicken manure compost have so far been rather scarce, resulting in ambiguous conclusions, i.e. about positive or no effect of the compost addition. The effect is determined by species, breed, age, rearing and manure composting technology, as well as by crop and its cultivar, agricultural practices and soil specifics. Conclusions. Chicken manure contains taxonomically diverse microbiome that can be changed during composting. Microbiota of chicken manure and its compost with their great microbial species richness can contain bacteria, carrying antibiotic resistance genes. Dispersal of such components of the compost resistome in environment via compost addition to agricultural soils should be regarded as a growing biological hazard, threatening the efficient use of antibiotics for treating bacterial infections in in veterinary and medicine. Therefore increasing poultry production urges for assessing the risks and evaluating the scope of the threat, as well as estimating and establishing permissible limits of pathomicrobiotic load of the poultry litter manure and compost, using up-to-date metagenomic techniques. The greatest concern is about spreading antibiotic resistance genes into the marketable crop components, consumed raw; consequently, alongside with studying microbiota of the compost-receiving agricultural soil as a source of dust, microbiome research should be also focused crop phytobiome where crops are produced under addition of composts, obtained with manure of the antibiotic-treated poultry during industrial production.

Immobilization and phytotoxicity of Cd in contaminated soil amended with chicken manure compost

2009 ◽  
Vol 163 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 563-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Liu ◽  
Hansong Chen ◽  
Peng Cai ◽  
Wei Liang ◽  
Qiaoyun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Manure Compost

scholarly journals Suppression of Phytophthora cinnamomi in Potting Mixes Amended with Uncomposted and Composted Animal Manures

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. P. Aryantha ◽  
R. Cross ◽  
D. I. Guest
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Animal Manures ◽  
Manure Compost

We examined the effects of fresh and composted animal manures on the development of root rot, dieback, and plant death caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi. Fresh chicken manure, or chicken manure composted for 5 weeks before incorporation into the potting mix (25%, vol/vol), significantly reduced pathogen survival and the development of symptoms on Lupinus albus seedlings. Chicken manure composted for 2 weeks was less suppressive. Cow, sheep, and horse manure, whether fresh or composted, did not consistently suppress populations of P. cinnamomi or disease symptoms at the rates used (25%, vol/vol). All composts increased organic matter content, total biological activity, and populations of actinomycetes, fluorescent pseudomonads, and fungi. Only chicken manure stimulated endospore-forming bacteria, a factor that was strongly associated with seedling survival. Fallowing the potting mix for an additional 8 weeks after the first harvest increased the survival of lupin seedlings in a second bioassay, with survival rates in chicken manure compost-amended potting mix exceeding 90%. These data suggest that the ability of composted manure to stimulate sustained biological activity, in particular the activity of endospore-forming bacteria, is the key factor in reducing disease symptoms caused by P. cinnamomi. Supporting these results, the survival of rooted cuttings of Thryptomene calycina was significantly higher in sand-peat potting mix following amendment with commercially available chicken manure (15% vol/vol). However, this protection was reduced if the potting mix was steam pasteurized before amendment, indicating that suppression was due to endogenous as well as introduced microbes. Chicken manure compost incorporated at 5% (vol/vol) or more was strongly phytotoxic to young Banksia spinulosa plants and is not suitable as an amendment for phosphorus-sensitive plants.

An assessment of the persistence of pathogenic bacteria removal in chicken manure compost employing clay as additive via meta-genomic analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 ◽  
pp. 184-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar Awasthi ◽  
Hongyu Chen ◽  
Yumin Duan ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Awasthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Manure Compost ◽  
Bacteria Removal
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