scholarly journals Rhizosphere Microbial Communities of Spartina alterniflora and Juncus roemerianus From Restored and Natural Tidal Marshes on Deer Island, Mississippi

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V. Mavrodi ◽  
Carina M. Jung ◽  
Jed O. Eberly ◽  
Samuel V. Hendry ◽  
Sanchirmaa Namjilsuren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Spartina Alterniflora ◽  
Tidal Marshes ◽  
Juncus Roemerianus

THE ROLE OF JUNCUS ROEMERIANUS IN CLEANUP OF OIL-POLLUTED SEDIMENTS

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 (1) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia S. Lytle ◽  
Thomas F. Lytle
Keyword(s):  
Spartina Alterniflora ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Juncus Roemerianus ◽  
Marsh Vegetation ◽  
Mississippi Sound ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Total Hydrocarbons

ABSTRACT Several locations in the Mississippi Sound of the Central Gulf of Mexico have been sites of accidental and simulated oil spills over the past decade, providing excellent testing grounds for detecting interactions of indigenous marsh vegetation with petroleum pollutants. Spartina alterniflora and Juncus roemerianus, dominant marsh plants of this region, show resilience in the face of acute oil spills, with J. roemerianus decidedly more resilient in chronic exposures. More important, J. roemerianus can remove large amounts of petroleum hydrocarbons from the underlying sediments and from the water column. Collections of Juncus and underlying sediment from five estuarine environments showed levels and distributions of petroleum hydrocarbons in the aerial leaf portions that mirrored those found in the sediment substrate. Up to 9,000 ppm total hydrocarbons were found in J. roemerianus growing in oil-contaminated sediments. In two different studies, salt marsh plots of Juncus roemerianus and Spartina alterniflora were exposed to sediments inoculated with three different crude oils, an alkene, chrysene, and naphthalene, and uptake was monitored with time. Juncus was able to take up hydrocarbons unaltered within 10 days. Spartina showed no evidence of uptake, though it did show relative increases in lipid fractions.

scholarly journals Assessment of the petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation potential of the sediment microbial community from an urban fringing tidal marsh of Northern New England

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinéad M. Ní Chadhain ◽  
Jarett L. Miller ◽  
John P. Dustin ◽  
Jeff P. Trethewey ◽  
Stephen H. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
New England ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Tidal Marsh ◽  
Tidal Marshes ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biodegradation ◽  
Alkane Hydroxylase ◽  
Great Bay Estuary ◽  
Functional And Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe assessed the impact of dodecane,n-hexane and gasoline on the microbial diversity of chronically polluted fringing tidal marsh sediment from the Great Bay Estuary of New Hampshire. Dilution cultures containing saturated alkane concentrations were sampled at zero, one and 10 days, andalkBandcyp153A1alkane hydroxylase gene libraries and 16S rRNA sequences were analyzed. The initial sediment had the most diverse alkane hydroxylase sequences and phylogenetic composition whereas treated sediments became less functionally and phylogenetically diverse with alkane substrates apparently enriching a few dominant taxa. All 1-and 10-day samples were dominated byPseudomonas-type alkane hydroxylase sequences except in dodecane treatments where primarilyRhodococcus--type alkane hydroxylases were detected. 16S rRNA profiling revealed that the Gammaproteobacteria, particularlyPseudomonas, dominated all one day samples, especially then-hexane and gasoline treatments (63.2 and 47.2% respectively) and the 10-dayn-hexane treatment (which contained 60.8%Pseudomonasand 18.6%Marinobacter).In contrast, the 10 days of dodecane treatment enriched for Actinobacteria (26.2%Rhodococcusand 32.4%Mycobacterium)and gasoline treatment enriched for Firmicutes (29.7%; mainlyBacillus, LysinibacillusandRumelibacillus).Our data indicate that fringing tidal marshes contain microbial communities with alkane-degrading abilities similar to larger meadow marshes, and support the hypothesis that alkane exposure reduces the functional and phylogenetic diversity of microbial communities in an alkane-specific manner. Further research to evaluate the ability of such fringing marsh communities to rebound to pre-pollutant diversity levels should be conducted to better assess the threat of petroleum to these habitats.

Aerial Production, Mortality, and Mineral Accumulation-Export Dynamics in Spartina Alterniflora and Juncus Roemerianus Plant Stands in a Georgia Salt Marsh

Ecology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Gallagher ◽  
Robert J. Reimold ◽  
Rick A. Linthurst ◽  
William J. Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Spartina Alterniflora ◽  
Juncus Roemerianus ◽  
Export Dynamics ◽  
Mineral Accumulation
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