scholarly journals Therapeutic Potential of a New Jumbo Phage That Infects Vibrio coralliilyticus, a Widespread Coral Pathogen

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loïc Jacquemot ◽  
Yvan Bettarel ◽  
Joanne Monjol ◽  
Erwan Corre ◽  
Sébastien Halary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Vibrio Coralliilyticus ◽  
Coral Pathogen

scholarly journals Alien vs. Predator: Pathogens open niche space for opportunists, unless controlled by predators

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory M Welsh ◽  
Stephanie M Rosales ◽  
Jesse R.R. Zaneveld ◽  
Jérôme P Payet ◽  
Ryan McMinds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Tissue ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Niche Space ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Pathogen Invasion ◽  
Coral Microbiome ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Pathogen Challenge ◽  
Vibrio Coralliilyticus ◽  
Coral Pathogen

Coral microbiomes are known to play important roles in organismal health, response to environmental stress, and resistance to disease. Pathogens invading the coral microbiome encounter diverse assemblages of resident bacteria, ranging from defensive and metabolic symbionts to opportunistic bacteria that may turn harmful in compromised hosts. However, little is known about how these bacterial interactions influence the overall structure, stability, and function of the microbiome during the course of pathogen challenge. We sought to test how coral microbiome dynamics were affected by interactions between two of its members: Vibrio coralliilyticus, a known temperature-dependent coral pathogen, and Halobacteriovorax, a unique bacterial predator of Vibrio and other gram-negative bacteria. We challenged specimens of the important reef-building coral Montastraea cavernosa with Vibrio coralliilyticus pathogens in the presence or absence of Halobacteriovorax predators, and monitored microbial community dynamics with 16S rRNA gene time-series. In addition to its direct effects on corals, pathogen challenge reshaped coral microbiomes in ways that allowed for secondary blooms of opportunistic bacteria. As expected, Vibrio coralliilyticus addition increased the infiltration of Vibrio into coral tissues. This increase of Vibrios in coral tissue was accompanied by increased richness, and reduced stability (increased beta-diversity) of the rest of the microbiome, suggesting strong secondary effects of pathogen invasion on commensal and mutualistic coral bacteria. Moreover, after an initial increase in Vibrios, two opportunistic lineages (Rhodobacterales and Cytophagales) increased in coral tissues, suggesting that this pathogen opens niche space for opportunists. Based on the keystone role of predators in many ecosystems, we hypothesized that Halobacteriovorax predators might help protect corals by consuming gram-negative pathogens. In keeping with a protective role, Halobacteriovorax addition alone had only minor effects on the microbiome, and no infiltration of Halobacteriovorax into coral tissues was detected in amplicon libraries. Simultaneous challenge with both pathogen and predator eliminated detectable V. corallyticus infiltration into coral tissue samples, ameliorated changes to the rest of the coral microbiome, and prevented secondary blooms of opportunistic Rhodobacterales and Cytophagales. Thus, we show that primary infection by a coral pathogen is sufficient to cause increases in opportunists, as seen in correlational studies. These data further provide a proof-of-principle demonstration that, under certain circumstances, host-associated bacterial predators can mitigate the ability of pathogens to infiltrate host tissue, and stabilize the microbiome against complex secondary changes that favor growth of opportunistic lineages.

scholarly journals Detection and Quantification of the Coral Pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus by Real-Time PCR with TaqMan Fluorescent Probes

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (15) ◽  
pp. 5282-5286 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Joseph Pollock ◽  
Pamela J. Morris ◽  
Bette L. Willis ◽  
David G. Bourne
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Coral Disease ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Coral Tissue ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Detection Assay ◽  
Vibrio Coralliilyticus ◽  
Coral Pathogen

ABSTRACT A real-time quantitative PCR-based detection assay targeting the dnaJ gene (encoding heat shock protein 40) of the coral pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus was developed. The assay is sensitive, detecting as little as 1 CFU per ml in seawater and 104 CFU per cm2 of coral tissue. Moreover, inhibition by DNA and cells derived from bacteria other than V. coralliilyticus was minimal. This assay represents a novel approach to coral disease diagnosis that will advance the field of coral disease research.

scholarly journals Identification and Genome Analysis of Vibrio coralliilyticus Causing Mortality of Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) Larvae

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoun Joong Kim ◽  
Jin Woo Jun ◽  
Sib Sankar Giri ◽  
Cheng Chi ◽  
Saekil Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Pacific Oyster ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Korean Isolate ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Bivalve Larvae ◽  
Vibrio Coralliilyticus ◽  
Unique Plasmid ◽  
Coral Pathogen

Vibrio coralliilyticus is known as a coral pathogen that also infects marine bivalve larvae worldwide. It is considered to be one of the major constraints in artificial marine bivalve seed production as it causes mortality. In this study, we first isolated and characterized a high virulent of V. coralliilyticus designated as SNUTY-1 that was the cause of Pacific oyster larvae mortality in Korea. In the pathogenicity test, exposure to 2.14 × 105 CFU/mL for 24 h caused mortality to 88.65 ± 2.4% of the tested healthy Pacific oyster larvae. SNUTY-1 showed anti-microbial resistance to β-lactams, such as penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems. We sequenced and assembled the complete genome of SNUTY-1 (5,842,676 bp), consisting of two chromosomes (Chr I and Chr II) and two plasmids (pSNUTY1 and pSNUTY2). The COG functional analysis confirmed that Chr I had more genes associated with basic cellular functions in comparison to Chr II. The results of the phylogenetic trees based on OrthoANI values indicated that the SNUTY-1 was closely related to V. coralliilyticus strains. SNUTY-1 had a unique plasmid (pSNUTY2), which could mean that the Korean isolate is different from other sequenced V. coralliilyticus strains from different geographical origins. Toxic proteins such as cytolysin/hemolysin and extracellular metalloprotease genes were encoded on Chr I and Chr II of SNUTY-1. These data facilitate the control of V. coralliilyticus infections in aquaculture by providing valuable insights into the biodiversity of this organism and valuable information for the study of virulence factors.

scholarly journals Alien vs. Predator: Pathogens open niche space for opportunists, unless controlled by predators

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory M Welsh ◽  
Stephanie M Rosales ◽  
Jesse R.R. Zaneveld ◽  
Jérôme P Payet ◽  
Ryan McMinds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Tissue ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Niche Space ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Pathogen Invasion ◽  
Coral Microbiome ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Pathogen Challenge ◽  
Vibrio Coralliilyticus ◽  
Coral Pathogen

Coral microbiomes are known to play important roles in organismal health, response to environmental stress, and resistance to disease. Pathogens invading the coral microbiome encounter diverse assemblages of resident bacteria, ranging from defensive and metabolic symbionts to opportunistic bacteria that may turn harmful in compromised hosts. However, little is known about how these bacterial interactions influence the overall structure, stability, and function of the microbiome during the course of pathogen challenge. We sought to test how coral microbiome dynamics were affected by interactions between two of its members: Vibrio coralliilyticus, a known temperature-dependent coral pathogen, and Halobacteriovorax, a unique bacterial predator of Vibrio and other gram-negative bacteria. We challenged specimens of the important reef-building coral Montastraea cavernosa with Vibrio coralliilyticus pathogens in the presence or absence of Halobacteriovorax predators, and monitored microbial community dynamics with 16S rRNA gene time-series. In addition to its direct effects on corals, pathogen challenge reshaped coral microbiomes in ways that allowed for secondary blooms of opportunistic bacteria. As expected, Vibrio coralliilyticus addition increased the infiltration of Vibrio into coral tissues. This increase of Vibrios in coral tissue was accompanied by increased richness, and reduced stability (increased beta-diversity) of the rest of the microbiome, suggesting strong secondary effects of pathogen invasion on commensal and mutualistic coral bacteria. Moreover, after an initial increase in Vibrios, two opportunistic lineages (Rhodobacterales and Cytophagales) increased in coral tissues, suggesting that this pathogen opens niche space for opportunists. Based on the keystone role of predators in many ecosystems, we hypothesized that Halobacteriovorax predators might help protect corals by consuming gram-negative pathogens. In keeping with a protective role, Halobacteriovorax addition alone had only minor effects on the microbiome, and no infiltration of Halobacteriovorax into coral tissues was detected in amplicon libraries. Simultaneous challenge with both pathogen and predator eliminated detectable V. corallyticus infiltration into coral tissue samples, ameliorated changes to the rest of the coral microbiome, and prevented secondary blooms of opportunistic Rhodobacterales and Cytophagales. Thus, we show that primary infection by a coral pathogen is sufficient to cause increases in opportunists, as seen in correlational studies. These data further provide a proof-of-principle demonstration that, under certain circumstances, host-associated bacterial predators can mitigate the ability of pathogens to infiltrate host tissue, and stabilize the microbiome against complex secondary changes that favor growth of opportunistic lineages.

Genotypic assessment of a dichotomous key to identify Vibrio coralliilyticus, a coral pathogen

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
FGR Menezes ◽  
WE Barbosa ◽  
LS Vasconcelos ◽  
RS Rocha ◽  
R Maggioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Vibrio Coralliilyticus ◽  
Coral Pathogen

scholarly journals Genomic and proteomic analyses of the coral pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus reveal a diverse virulence repertoire

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1471-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eidy de O Santos ◽  
Nelson Alves ◽  
Graciela M Dias ◽  
Ana Maria Mazotto ◽  
Alane Vermelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Coralliilyticus ◽  
Proteomic Analyses ◽  
Coral Pathogen

scholarly journals An Improved Detection and Quantification Method for the Coral Pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e81800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Wilson ◽  
Andrew Muirhead ◽  
Monika Bazanella ◽  
Carla Huete-Stauffer ◽  
Luigi Vezzulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantification Method ◽  
Vibrio Coralliilyticus ◽  
Coral Pathogen ◽  
Detection And Quantification

Phylogeny of the coral pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Joseph Pollock ◽  
Bryan Wilson ◽  
Wesley R. Johnson ◽  
Pamela J. Morris ◽  
Bette L. Willis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Coralliilyticus ◽  
Coral Pathogen
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