scholarly journals Endotoxemia by Porphyromonas gingivalis Injection Aggravates Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Disrupts Glucose/Lipid Metabolism, and Alters Gut Microbiota in Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Sasaki ◽  
Sayaka Katagiri ◽  
Rina Komazaki ◽  
Kazuki Watanabe ◽  
Shogo Maekawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

scholarly journals How does hepatic lipid accumulation lead to lipotoxicity in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Yana Geng ◽  
Klaas Nico Faber ◽  
Vincent E. de Meijer ◽  
Hans Blokzijl ◽  
Han Moshage
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Lipid Uptake ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized as excess lipid accumulation in the liver which is not due to alcohol use, has emerged as one of the major health problems around the world. The dysregulated lipid metabolism creates a lipotoxic environment which promotes the development of NAFLD, especially the progression from simple steatosis (NAFL) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Purposeand Aim This review focuses on the mechanisms of lipid accumulation in the liver, with an emphasis on the metabolic fate of free fatty acids (FFAs) in NAFLD and presents an update on the relevant cellular processes/mechanisms that are involved in lipotoxicity. The changes in the levels of various lipid species that result from the imbalance between lipolysis/lipid uptake/lipogenesis and lipid oxidation/secretion can cause organellar dysfunction, e.g. ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, lysosomal dysfunction, JNK activation, secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and aggravate (or be exacerbated by) hypoxia which ultimately lead to cell death. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of how abnormal lipid metabolism leads to lipotoxicity and the cellular mechanisms of lipotoxicity in the context of NAFLD.

scholarly journals Probiotics and Prebiotics as a Strategy for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, a Narrative Review

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1719
Author(s):  
Valentina Castillo ◽  
Fernanda Figueroa ◽  
Karoll González-Pizarro ◽  
Paz Jopia ◽  
Claudia Ibacache-Quiroga
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Risks Factors ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic non-communicable disease, with a prevalence of 25% worldwide. This pathology is a multifactorial illness, and is associated with different risks factors, including hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Beside these predisposing features, NAFLD has been related to changes in the microbiota, which favor the disease progression. In this context, the modulation of the gut microbiota has emerged as a new therapeutic target for the prophylaxis and treatment of NAFLD. This review describes the changes in the gut microbiota associated with NAFLD and the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on the gut microbiota, liver damage, anthropometric parameters, blood lipids, inflammation markers and insulin resistance in these patients.

Gut microbiota and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a narrative review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovico Abenavoli ◽  
Anna C. Procopio ◽  
Emidio Scarpellini ◽  
Natale Polimeni ◽  
Isabella Aquila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

scholarly journals Correlation of Gut Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes Ratio with Fibrosis and Steatosis in Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chyntia Olivia Maurine Jasirwan ◽  
Akhmadu Muradi ◽  
Irsan Hasan ◽  
Marcellus Simadibrata ◽  
Ikhwan Rinaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Microbiota Diversity ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
High Triglyceride

Abstract Background : We investigated the gut microbiota in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its correlation with fibrosis and steatosis as reflected in the controlled attenuation parameter and transient elastography valuesMethods : A cross-sectional study was performed on 37 patients with NAFLD at Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital from December 2018 to March 2019. The gut microbiota was investigated in fecal samples with 16S RNA sequencing using the next-generation sequencing platform MiSeq (Illumina).Results : NAFLD was more common in patients with metabolic syndrome. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the predominant phyla. Bacteroides was more dominant than Prevotella, contrary to the results in previous studies on normal populations in Indonesia. Microbiota dysbiosis was observed in most samples. The gastrointestinal microbiota diversity was significantly decreased in patients with NAFLD with high triglyceride levels and central obesity. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio correlated with steatosis and obesity, whereas some other species in the lower taxonomy were mostly correlated with steatosis and obesity without fibrosis. Proteobacteria is the only phylum strongly correlated with fibrosis in patients with normal body mass index.Conclusions : The gut microbiota diversity was decreased in patients with NAFLD with high triglyceride levels and central obesity, and certain gut microbes were correlated with fibrosis and steatosis.

Pure total flavonoids from citrus attenuate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice via the gut microbiota

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beihui He ◽  
Jianping Jiang ◽  
Zheng Shi ◽  
Dawei Cui ◽  
Sumei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Background An increasing number of studies suggest that gut microbiota composition and structure contribute to the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and the gut microbiota has been proposed as a new target in the treatment of diet-induced NAFLD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of pure total flavonoids from citrus (PTFC) on NAFLD and gut microbiota dysbiosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice and to further investigate whether the attenuation of NAFLD is related to the modulation of the gut microbiota. Results PTFC intervention could significantly attenuate symptoms in mice with HFD-induced NAFLD.Based on the results of 16S rDNA sequencing, PTFC treatment could increase the phylogenetic diversity of the HFD-induced microbiota. PTFC intervention could significantly restore the HFD-induced increases in the relative abundances of Bacteroidaceae and Christensenellaceae. Conclusion Our results suggested that PTFC could serve as a novel candidate for the prevention of NAFLD by modulating the gut microbiota.

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