scholarly journals Fungal Communities Along a Small-Scale Elevational Gradient in an Alpine Tundra Are Determined by Soil Carbon Nitrogen Ratios

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Ni ◽  
Teng Yang ◽  
Kaoping Zhang ◽  
Congcong Shen ◽  
Haiyan Chu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Alpine Tundra ◽  
Small Scale

scholarly journals Scale-Dependent Effects of Growth Stage and Elevational Gradient on Rice Phyllosphere Bacterial and Fungal Microbial Patterns in the Terrace Field

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Wang ◽  
Jianping Dai ◽  
Luyun Luo ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Decai Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Elevation Gradients ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Phyllosphere Bacteria

The variation of phyllosphere bacterial and fungal communities along elevation gradients may provide a potential link with temperature, which corresponds to an elevation over short geographic distances. At the same time, the plant growth stage is also an important factor affecting phyllosphere microorganisms. Understanding microbiological diversity over changes in elevation and among plant growth stages is important for developing crop growth ecological theories. Thus, we investigated variations in the composition of the rice phyllosphere bacterial and fungal communities at five sites along an elevation gradient from 580 to 980 m above sea level (asl) in the Ziquejie Mountain at the seedling, heading, and mature stages, using high-throughput Illumina sequencing methods. The results revealed that the dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, and the dominant fungal phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, which varied significantly at different elevation sites and growth stages. Elevation had a greater effect on the α diversity of phyllosphere bacteria than on that phyllosphere fungi. Meanwhile, the growth stage had a great effect on the α diversity of both phyllosphere bacteria and fungi. Our results also showed that the composition of bacterial and fungal communities varied significantly along elevation within the different growth stages, in terms of both changes in the relative abundance of species, and that the variations in bacterial and fungal composition were well correlated with variations in the average elevation. A total of 18 bacterial and 24 fungal genera were significantly correlated with elevational gradient, displaying large differences at the various growth stages. Soluble protein (SP) shared a strong positive correlation with bacterial and fungal communities (p < 0.05) and had a strong significant negative correlation with Serratia, Passalora, unclassified_Trichosphaeriales, and antioxidant enzymes (R > 0.5, p < 0.05), and significant positive correlation with the fungal genera Xylaria, Gibberella, and Penicillium (R > 0.5, p < 0.05). Therefore, it suggests that elevation and growth stage might alter both the diversity and abundance of phyllosphere bacterial and fungal populations.

scholarly journals Do forest over- and understory respond to the same environmental variables when viewed at the taxonomic and trait level?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenny Helsen ◽  
Yeng-Chen Shen ◽  
Tsung-Yi Lin ◽  
Chien-Fan Chen ◽  
Chu-Mei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Functional Trait ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
Soil Variation

While the relative importance of climate filtering is known to be higher for woody species assemblages than herbaceous assemblage, it remains largely unexplored whether this pattern is also reflected between the woody overstory and herbaceous understory of forests. While climatic variation will be more buffered by the tree layer, the understory might also respond more to small-scale soil variation, next to experiencing additional environmental filtering due to the overstory's effects on light and litter quality. For (sub)tropical forests, the understory often contains a high proportion of fern and lycophyte species, for which environmental filtering is even less well understood. We explored the proportional importance of climate proxies and soil variation on the species, functional trait and (functional) diversity patterns of both the forest overstory and fern and lycophyte understory along an elevational gradient from 850 to 2100 m a.s.l. in northern Taiwan. We selected nine functional traits expected to respond to soil nutrient or climatic stress for this study and furthermore verified whether they were positively related across vegetation layers, as expected when driven by similar environmental drivers. We found that climate was a proportionally more important predictor than soil for the species composition of both vegetation layers and trait composition of the understory. The stronger than expected proportional effect of climate for the understory was likely due to fern and lycophytes' higher vulnerability to drought, while the high importance of soil for the overstory seemed driven by deciduous species. The environmental drivers affected different response traits in both vegetation layers, however, which together with additional overstory effects on understory traits, resulted in a strong disconnection of community-level trait values across layers. Interestingly, species and functional diversity patterns could be almost exclusively explained by climate effects for both vegetational layers, with the exception of understory species richness. This study illustrates that environmental filtering can differentially affect species, trait and diversity patterns and can be highly divergent for forest overstory and understory vegetation, and should consequently not be extrapolated across vegetation layers or between composition and diversity patterns.

Tree influence on carbon stock and C:N ratio of soil organic layer in boreal Scots pine forests

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Häkkinen ◽  
J. Heikkinen ◽  
R. Mäkipää
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Soil Organic Layer

Observed small-scale spatial variation of forest soil is suggested to be produced by tree influence. We examined spatial variation of the tree influences by modelling tree influence potential that accounts for location and size of trees. Thereafter, we tested significance of the correlations between the tree influence potential and soil properties (carbon stock and C:N ratio of the organic layer) with Monte Carlo permutation tests. The methods were applied to five Scots pine stands located in the boreal vegetation zone in Finland. We found statistically significant tree influence on soil C:N ratio in all studied stands, but the tree influence on soil carbon stock was significant only in three of five stands. This indicates that location of trees has a relatively steady and remarkable influence on spatial variation of a soil parameter that reflects soil fertility and nutrient balance, but variation of soil carbon stock is not that clearly affected by current tree stand. The correlations between C:N ratios and tree influences were positive in four of the five stands, indicating that soil was less fertile near the trees. The methods described here produce statistically reliable information pertaining to the influence of trees on soil properties.

scholarly journals Fungal Communities and Functional Guilds Shift Along an Elevational Gradient in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison M. Veach ◽  
C. Elizabeth Stokes ◽  
Jennifer Knoepp ◽  
Ari Jumpponen ◽  
Richard Baird
Keyword(s):  
Appalachian Mountains ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Southern Appalachian Mountains ◽  
Functional Guilds ◽  
Southern Appalachian

Belowground bud banks of four dominant macrophytes along a small-scale elevational gradient in Dongting Lake wetlands, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-sheng Chen ◽  
Zheng-miao Deng ◽  
Yong-hong Xie ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Zhi-yong Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Dongting Lake ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Bud Banks ◽  
Lake Wetlands

scholarly journals Impact of 40 years poplar cultivation on soil carbon stocks and greenhouse gas fluxes

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 897-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ferré ◽  
A. Leip ◽  
G. Matteucci ◽  
F. Previtali ◽  
G. Seufert
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Poplar Plantation ◽  
Alluvial Deposits ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks

Abstract. Within the JRC Kyoto Experiment in the Regional Park and UN-Biosphere Reserve "Parco Ticino" (North-Italy, near Pavia), the soil carbon stocks and fluxes of CO2, N2O, and CH4 were measured in a poplar plantation in comparison with a natural mesohygrophilous deciduous forest nearby, which represents the pristine land cover of the area. Soil fluxes were measured using the static and dynamic closed chamber techniques for CH4 N2O, and CO2, respectively. We made further a pedological study to relate the spatial variability found with soil parameters. Annual emission fluxes of N2O and CO2 and deposition fluxes of CH4 were calculated for the year 2003 for the poplar plantation and compared to those measured at the natural forest site. N2O emissions at the poplar plantation were 0.15$plusmn;0.1 g N2O m-2 y-1 and the difference to the emissions at the natural forest of 0.07±0.06 g N2O m-2 y-1 are partly due to a period of high emissions after the flooding of the site at the end of 2002. CH4 consumption at the natural forest was twice as large as at the poplar plantation. In comparison to the relict forest, carbon stocks in the soil under the poplar plantation were depleted by 61% of surface (10 cm) carbon and by 25% down the profile under tillage (45 cm). Soil respiration rates were not significant different at both sites with 1608±1053 and 2200±791 g CO2 m-2 y-1 at the poplar plantation and natural forest, respectively, indicating that soil organic carbon is much more stable in the natural forest. In terms of the greenhouse gas budget, the non-CO2 gases contributed minor to the overall soil balance with only 0.9% (N2O) and -0.3% (CH4 of CO2-eq emissions in the natural forest, and 2.7% (N2O) and -0.2% of CO2-eq. emissions in the poplar plantation. The very high spatial variability of soil fluxes within the two sites was related to the morphology of the floodplain area, which was formed by the historic course of the Ticino river and led to a small-scale (tenth of meters) variability in soil texture and to small-scale differences in elevation. Differences of site conditions are reflected by differences of inundation patterns, ecosystem productivity, CO2 and N2O emission rates, and soil contents of carbon and nitrogen. Additional variability was observed during a flooding event and after fertilisation at the poplar site. Despite of this variability, the two sites are comparable as both originate from alluvial deposits. The study shows that changes in soil carbon stocks and related fertility are the most visible phenomena after 40 years of land use change from a pristine forest to a fast growing poplar plantation. Therefore, the conservation and careful management of existing carbon stocks deserves highest priority in the context of the Kyoto Protocol.

Root control of fungal communities and soil carbon stocks in a temperate forest

2021 ◽  
pp. 108390
Author(s):  
Emily D. Whalen ◽  
Natalie Lounsbury ◽  
Kevin Geyer ◽  
Mark Anthony ◽  
Eric Morrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks

Dwarf pine invasion in an alpine tundra of discontinuous permafrost area: effects on fine root and soil carbon dynamics

Trees ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kobayashi Makoto ◽  
S. V. Bryanin ◽  
V. V. Lisovsky ◽  
K. Kushida ◽  
N. Wada
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Alpine Tundra ◽  
Soil Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Area Effects ◽  
Discontinuous Permafrost ◽  
Pine Invasion
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