scholarly journals Low-Temperature Sulfidic-Ice Microbial Communities, Borup Fiord Pass, Canadian High Arctic

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher B. Trivedi ◽  
Graham E. Lau ◽  
Stephen E. Grasby ◽  
Alexis S. Templeton ◽  
John R. Spear
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Canadian High Arctic

scholarly journals In Situ Field Sequencing and Life Detection in Remote (79°26′N) Canadian High Arctic Permafrost Ice Wedge Microbial Communities

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Goordial ◽  
Ianina Altshuler ◽  
Katherine Hindson ◽  
Kelly Chan-Yam ◽  
Evangelos Marcolefas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Canadian High Arctic ◽  
Ice Wedge ◽  
Life Detection

scholarly journals Metagenomic Insights into Microbial Metabolisms of a Sulfur-Influenced Glacial Ecosystem

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher B. Trivedi ◽  
Blake W. Stamps ◽  
Graham E. Lau ◽  
Stephen E. Grasby ◽  
Alexis S. Templeton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Functional Redundancy ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing Data ◽  
Sulfur Cycling ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Canadian High Arctic ◽  
Cold Environments

AbstractBiological sulfur cycling in polar, low-temperature ecosystems is an understudied phenomenon in part due to difficulty of access and the ephemeral nature of such environments. One such environment where sulfur cycling plays an important role in microbial metabolisms is located at Borup Fiord Pass (BFP) in the Canadian High Arctic. Here, transient springs emerge from the toe of a glacier creating a large proglacial aufeis (spring-derived ices) that are often covered in bright yellow/white sulfur, sulfate, and carbonate mineral precipitates that are accompanied by a strong odor of hydrogen sulfide. Metagenomic sequencing from multiple sample types at sites across the BFP glacial system produced 31 highly complete metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) that were queried for sulfur-, nitrogen- and carbon-cycling/metabolism genes. Sulfur cycling, especially within the Sox complex of enzymes, was widespread across the isolated MAGs and taxonomically associated with the bacterial classes Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma-, and Epsilon- Proteobacteria. While this does agree with previous research from BFP implicating organisms within the Gamma- and Epsilon- Proteobacteria as the primary classes responsible for sulfur oxidation, our new data suggests putative sulfur oxidation by organisms within Alpha- and Beta- Proteobacterial classes which was not predicted. These findings indicate that in a low-temperature, ephemeral sulfur-based environment such as this, functional redundancy may be a key mechanism that microorganisms use to co-exist whenever energy is limited and/or focused by redox chemistry.ImportanceBorup Fiord Pass is a unique environment characterized by a sulfur-enriched glacial ecosystem, in the low-temperature environment of the Canadian High Arctic. This unique combination makes BFP one of the best analog sites for studying icy, sulfur-rich worlds outside of our own, such as Europa and Mars. The site also allows investigation of sulfur-based microbial metabolisms in cold environments here on Earth. Herein, we report whole genome sequencing data that suggests sulfur cycling metabolisms at BFP are more widely used across bacterial taxa than predicted. From our data, the metabolic capability of sulfur oxidation among multiple community members appears likely due to functional redundancy within their genomes. Functional redundancy, with respect to sulfur-oxidation at BFP, may indicate that this dynamic ecosystem hosts microorganisms that are able to use multiple sulfur electron donors alongside other important metabolic pathways, including those for carbon and nitrogen.

Low temperature S0 biomineralization at a supraglacial spring system in the Canadian High Arctic

Geobiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. GLEESON ◽  
C. WILLIAMSON ◽  
S. E. GRASBY ◽  
R. T. PAPPALARDO ◽  
J. R. SPEAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Canadian High Arctic ◽  
Spring System

scholarly journals Microbial Metabolic Redundancy Is a Key Mechanism in a Sulfur-Rich Glacial Ecosystem

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher B. Trivedi ◽  
Blake W. Stamps ◽  
Graham E. Lau ◽  
Stephen E. Grasby ◽  
Alexis S. Templeton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Functional Redundancy ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing Data ◽  
Sulfur Cycling ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Canadian High Arctic

ABSTRACT Biological sulfur cycling in polar, low-temperature ecosystems is an understudied phenomenon in part due to difficulty of access and the dynamic nature of glacial environments. One such environment where sulfur cycling is known to play an important role in microbial metabolisms is located at Borup Fiord Pass (BFP) in the Canadian High Arctic. Here, transient springs emerge from ice near the terminus of a glacier, creating a large area of proglacial aufeis (spring-derived ice) that is often covered in bright yellow/white sulfur, sulfate, and carbonate mineral precipitates accompanied by a strong odor of hydrogen sulfide. Metagenomic sequencing of samples from multiple sites and of various sample types across the BFP glacial system produced 31 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) that were queried for sulfur, nitrogen, and carbon cycling/metabolism genes. An abundance of sulfur cycling genes was widespread across the isolated MAGs and sample metagenomes taxonomically associated with the bacterial classes Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria and Campylobacteria (formerly the Epsilonproteobacteria). This corroborates previous research from BFP implicating Campylobacteria as the primary class responsible for sulfur oxidation; however, data reported here suggested putative sulfur oxidation by organisms in both the alphaproteobacterial and gammaproteobacterial classes that was not predicted by previous work. These findings indicate that in low-temperature, sulfur-based environments, functional redundancy may be a key mechanism that microorganisms use to enable coexistence whenever energy is limited and/or focused by redox chemistry. IMPORTANCE A unique environment at Borup Fiord Pass is characterized by a sulfur-enriched glacial ecosystem in the low-temperature Canadian High Arctic. BFP represents one of the best terrestrial analog sites for studying icy, sulfur-rich worlds outside our own, such as Europa and Mars. The site also allows investigation of sulfur-based microbial metabolisms in cold environments here on Earth. Here, we report whole-genome sequencing data that suggest that sulfur cycling metabolisms at BFP are more widely used across bacterial taxa than predicted. From our analyses, the metabolic capability of sulfur oxidation among multiple community members appears likely due to functional redundancy present in their genomes. Functional redundancy, with respect to sulfur-oxidation at the BFP sulfur-ice environment, may indicate that this dynamic ecosystem hosts microorganisms that are able to use multiple sulfur electron donors alongside other metabolic pathways, including those for carbon and nitrogen.

Structural variation in the songs of Atlantic walruses breeding in the Canadian High Arctic

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Becky Sjare ◽  
Ian Stirling ◽  
Cheryl Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Structural Variation ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Canadian High Arctic

In situ optical and microphysical properties of tropospheric aerosols in the Canadian High Arctic from 2016 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 118254
Author(s):  
Andy Vicente-Luis ◽  
Samantha Tremblay ◽  
Joelle Dionne ◽  
Rachel Y.-W. Chang ◽  
Pierre F. Fogal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Arctic ◽  
Canadian High Arctic ◽  
Microphysical Properties ◽  
Tropospheric Aerosols
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