scholarly journals Intestinal and Systemic Immune Responses upon Multi-drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Colonization of Mice Harboring a Human Gut Microbiota

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane von Klitzing ◽  
Ira Ekmekciu ◽  
Stefan Bereswill ◽  
Markus M. Heimesaat
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota

scholarly journals Role of Microbiome in Rheumatic Diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Kit Au ◽  
Tin Lok Lai ◽  
Cheuk Wan Yim
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Future Role ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Rheumatic Manifestations

AbstractMajority of rheumatic diseases are complex and multifactorial in etiology. Emerging studies has suggested that the change of human microbiota, especially in the gut, play a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. Dysequilibrium of the gut microbiota triggers the imbalance between pro- and anti- inflammatory immune responses and results in different rheumatic manifestations, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA). In this article, current and future role of the human gut microbiota in rheumatic diseases are discussed.

scholarly journals IDDF2018-ABS-0255 Impact of commensal human gut microbiota in the emergence of extensive drug-resistant pathogens

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayantan Banerjee ◽  
Satyabrata Bag ◽  
Jyoti Verma ◽  
D Anbumani ◽  
Bhabatosh Das
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota

scholarly journals ARE THEY ALSO MIND COLONIZERS? EXPLORING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GUT MICROBIOTA AND DEPRESSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-177
Author(s):  
Funmilola Ayeni ◽  
Tolulope Elizabeth Fadeyi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
The Relationship

The association of the gut microbiota with many diseased and healthy state is currently of global interest.  Gut microbiota is able to alter immune responses and behaviour and it is also involved in the pathophysiology of depression. Depression is a disorder that is etiologically heterogeneous. There is a strong evidence for microbiome links to mental health, which point to a possible future of manipulation of gut microbiota for better health. This review compiled existing literature on the relationship between depression and human gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Modelling the effect of birth and feeding modes on the development of human gut microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1942) ◽  
pp. 20201810
Author(s):  
Xiyan Xiong ◽  
Sara L. Loo ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Mark M. Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Feeding Modes ◽  
Birth Environment

The human gut microbiota is transmitted from mother to infant through vaginal birth and breastfeeding. Bifidobacterium , a genus that dominates the infants’ gut, is adapted to breast milk in its ability to metabolize human milk oligosaccharides; it is regarded as a mutualist owing to its involvement in the development of the immune system. The composition of microbiota, including the abundance of Bifidobacteria, is highly variable between individuals and some microbial profiles are associated with diseases. However, whether and how birth and feeding practices contribute to such variation remains unclear. To understand how early events affect the establishment of microbiota, we develop a mathematical model of two types of Bifidobacteria and a generic compartment of commensal competitors. We show how early events affect competition between mutualists and commensals and microbe-host-immune interactions to cause long-term alterations in gut microbial profiles. Bifidobacteria associated with breast milk can trigger immune responses with lasting effects on the microbial community structure. Our model shows that, in response to a change in birth environment, competition alone can produce two distinct microbial profiles post-weaning. Adding immune regulation to our competition model allows for variations in microbial profiles in response to different feeding practices. This analysis highlights the importance of microbe–microbe and microbe–host interactions in shaping the gut populations following different birth and feeding modes.

scholarly journals Toll-Like Receptor-4 Dependent Intestinal and Systemic Sequelae Following Peroral Campylobacter coli Infection of IL10 Deficient Mice Harboring a Human Gut Microbiota

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigri Kløve ◽  
Claudia Genger ◽  
Soraya Mousavi ◽  
Dennis Weschka ◽  
Stefan Bereswill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota

Zoonotic Campylobacter, including C. jejuni and C. coli, are among the most prevalent agents of food-borne enteritis worldwide. The immunopathological sequelae of campylobacteriosis are caused by Toll-like Receptor-4 (TLR4)-dependent host immune responses, induced by bacterial lipooligosaccharide (LOS). In order to investigate C. coli-host interactions, including the roles of the human gut microbiota and TLR4, upon infection, we applied a clinical acute campylobacteriosis model, and subjected secondary abiotic, TLR4-deficient IL10-/- mice and IL10-/- controls to fecal microbiota transplantation derived from human donors by gavage, before peroral C. coli challenge. Until day 21 post-infection, C. coli could stably colonize the gastrointestinal tract of human microbiota-associated (hma) mice of either genotype. TLR4-deficient IL10-/- mice, however, displayed less severe clinical signs of infection, that were accompanied by less distinct apoptotic epithelial cell and innate as well as adaptive immune cell responses in the colon, as compared to IL10-/- counterparts. Furthermore, C. coli infected IL10-/-, as opposed to TLR4-deficient IL10-/-, mice displayed increased pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations in intestinal and, strikingly, systemic compartments. We conclude that pathogenic LOS might play an important role in inducing TLR4-dependent host immune responses upon C. coli infection, which needs to be further addressed in more detail.

scholarly journals Defining Innate Immune Responses to the Human Gut Microbiota from Phylum to Strain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P. Spindler ◽  
Sophia S. Siu ◽  
Ilaria Mogno ◽  
Zihua Li ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Screening Platform

The functional potential of the gut microbiota remains largely uncharacterized. Efforts to understand how the immune system responds to commensal organisms have been hindered by the large number of strains that comprise the human gut microbiota. We develop a screening platform to measure innate immune responses towards 277 bacterial strains isolated from the human gut microbiota. We find that innate immune responses to gut derived bacteria are as strong as responses towards pathogenic bacteria, and vary from phylum to strain. Myeloid cells differentially rely upon TLR2 or TLR4 to sense particular taxa, an observation that predicts in vivo function. These innate immune responses can be modeled using combinations of up to 8 TLR agonists. Furthermore, the immunogenicity of strains is stable over time and following transplantation into new humans. Collectively, we demonstrate a powerful high-throughput approach to determine how commensal microorganisms shape innate immune phenotypes.

scholarly journals Comparative study on the in vitro effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and seaweed alginates on human gut microbiota

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e0171576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaofeng Bai ◽  
Huahai Chen ◽  
Liying Zhu ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Hongwei D. Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
In Vitro Effects

In vitro study of the interaction between human gut microbiota and herbal extracts using willow bark extract as an example

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
EM Pferschy-Wenzig ◽  
K Koskinen ◽  
C Moissl-Eichinger ◽  
R Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Willow Bark

Metabolization of the herbal combination STW-5 by human gut microbiota in vitro

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
EM Pferschy-Wenzig ◽  
A Roßmann ◽  
K Koskinen ◽  
H Abdel-Aziz ◽  
C Moissl-Eichinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document