scholarly journals Insight of Genus Corynebacterium: Ascertaining the Role of Pathogenic and Non-pathogenic Species

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Oliveira ◽  
Leticia C. Oliveira ◽  
Flavia Aburjaile ◽  
Leandro Benevides ◽  
Sandeep Tiwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Genus Corynebacterium

scholarly journals Immunity to pathogenic free-living amoebae: role of cell-mediated immunity

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-410
Author(s):  
R T Cursons ◽  
T J Brown ◽  
E A Keys ◽  
K M Moriarty ◽  
D Till
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Inhibition Test ◽  
Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Free Living

The role of cell-mediated immunity in defense against pathogenic free-living amoebae was examined. Both the in vitro macrophage inhibition test and the in vivo delayed hypersensitivity test showed responses to both heterologous and homologous antigens, although homologous systems were the most efficient. It is suggested that exposure to nonpathogenic species of free-living amoebae can stimulate the immune system to be effective against pathogenic species. The significance of cell-mediated immunity as a defense against invasion by pathogenic free-living amoebae is discussed.

scholarly journals Bat trypanosomes from Tapajós-Arapiuns Extractive Reserve in Brazilian Amazon

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Bernal Szpeiter ◽  
Juliana Isabel Giuli da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Francisco Flávio Vieira de Assis ◽  
Felipe Nascimento Stelmachtchuk ◽  
Kleber da Cunha Peixoto Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Extractive Reserve

Abstract Trypanosoma comprises flagellates able to infect several mammalian species and is transmitted by several groups of invertebrates. The order Chiroptera can be infected by the subgenera Herpetosoma, Schizotrypanum, Megatrypanum and Trypanozoon. In this study, we described the diversity of bat trypanosomes and inferred phylogenetic relationships among the trypanosomes from bats caught in Tapajós-Arapiuns Extractive Reserve (Resex) in Pará state. Trypanosomes from bats were isolated by means of hemoculture, and the molecular phylogeny was based on the trypanosome barcode (SSUrDNA V7V8 variable region). A total of 111 bats were caught in the area, belonging to three families (Emballonuridae, Molossidae and Phyllostomidae) and 12 species. The bat trypanosome prevalence, as evaluated through hemoculture, was 9% all positive cultures were cryopreserve (100% of isolation success). Phylogenetic trees grouped nine isolates in T. cruzi marinkellei branch and only one in T. dionisii branch. Studies on bat trypanosome diversity are important for identifying pathogenic species and for generating support for control measures, especially in such areas where humans inhabit the forest with close contact with bat species. In addition, this is the first study in Resex Tapajós-Arapiuns extractive reserve and further studies should be conducted to elucidate the role of these parasites as environmental degradation biomarkers.

The secreted proteases of pathogenic species of Aspergillus and their possible role in virulence

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1081-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Monod ◽  
Katia Jaton-Ogay ◽  
Abdelouahad Fatih ◽  
Sophie Paris ◽  
Jean-Paul Latgé
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Neutral Ph ◽  
Secreted Proteases

The species of Aspergillus secrete aspartic, serine and metalloproteases. The role of secreted proteases in virulence were investigated with A. fumigatus which is the species the most frequently found in patients with aspergillosis. A mutant of A. fumigatus deficient in proteolytic activity at neutral pH in vitro, was constructed and tested for pathogenicity in a murine model. No difference in pathogenicity was observed between the wild type strain and the mutants, suggesting that the proteases secreted at neutral pH are not essential for the invasion of the lung tissues by the fungus. Key words: proteases, Aspergillus, virulence.

scholarly journals Cell Division in genus Corynebacterium: protein-protein interaction and molecular docking of SepF and FtsZ in the understanding of cytokinesis in pathogenic species

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 2179-2188 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALBERTO F. OLIVEIRA JR ◽  
EDSON L. FOLADOR ◽  
ANNE C.P. GOMIDE ◽  
ARISTÓTELES GOES-NETO ◽  
VASCO A.C. AZEVEDO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Protein Interaction ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Genus Corynebacterium

Chitin, a key factor in immune regulation: lesson from infection with fungi and chitin bearing parasites

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaudia Brodaczewska ◽  
Katarzyna Donskow-Łysoniewska ◽  
Maria Doligalska
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Immune Regulation ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Common

AbstractThe probability of infection with fungi, as well as parasitic nematodes or arthropods may increase in overcrowded population of animals and human. The widespread overuse of drugs and immunosuppressants for veterinary or medical treatment create an opportunity for many pathogenic species. The aim of the review is to present the common molecular characteristics of such pathogens as fungi and nematodes and other chitin bearing animals, which may both activate and downregulate the immune response of the host. Although these pathogens are evolutionary distinct and distant, they may provoke similar immune mechanisms. The role of chitin in these phenomena will be reviewed, highlighting the immune reactions that may be induced in mammals by this natural polymer.

scholarly journals The Role of Biotic and Abiotic Factors in Prevalence of Cyprinidae Fishes and Trout Parasites in the Fish Farms of Azerbaijan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Suleymanova
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Fish Parasites ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Hot Season ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical

During 2013–2017 years biotic and abiotic of environmental conditions affecting to the extensiveness of invasion by causative agents of carp and trout parasitosis in fish farms in the territory of Azerbaijan Republic were studied. In addition, we studied the seasonal and age dynamics of diseases of the farm fishes. The prevalence of fish parasites infection in hot season (May-July) in comparison with cold month (October) was recorded. Twenty species of parasites from various systematical groups were found: protozoans (4 species); monogenean worms (3 species); cestodes (4 species); trematodes (3 species); nematodes (2 species); acanthocephalans (2 species); crustaceans (2 species). All investigations were conducted by considering of various factors affecting on production of fish. 386 specimens of carp and 415 specimens of trout were examined by the method of full parasitological dissection. We analyzed the physical and chemical conditions of water from the fish pools and other artificial basins in fish farms. In conclusion of our investigation the list of most pathogenic species of cultivated parasites were composed: Metechinorhyncnus truttae, Acanthocephalus clavulae, Paradilepis scolecina, Proteocephalus torulosus, Rhabdochon agnedini.

scholarly journals Initial Subgingival Colonization of ‘Pristine’ Pockets

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Quirynen ◽  
R. Vogels ◽  
M. Pauwels ◽  
A.D. Haffajee ◽  
S.S. Socransky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Subgingival Plaque ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Implant Surgery ◽  
Edentulous Patients ◽  
Subgingival Microbiota

The treatment of periodontitis/peri-implantitis involves the reduction/eradication of periopathogens. After therapy, beneficial and pathogenic species recolonize the subgingival area. The dynamics of recolonization and especially the role of the supragingival environment in this process are still not well-understood. This prospective, split-mouth study followed the early colonization of ‘pristine’ pockets created during implant surgery (16 partially edentulous patients), to record the time needed before a complex subgingival flora could be established with the supragingival area as the single source. Four subgingival plaque samples were taken from shallow and medium pockets around implants (test), and neighboring teeth (undisturbed microbiota as reference) 1, 2, and 4 wks after abutment connection. Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization and culture data revealed a complex microbiota (including several pathogenic species) in the pristine pockets within a wk, with a minimal increase in counts up to 4 wks. Analysis of these data demonstrated that, even with the supragingival environment as the single source for colonizing bacteria, a complex subgingival microbiota can develop within 1 wk.

scholarly journals Characterisation of the microflora contaminating the wooden vats used for traditional Sicilian cheese production

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Scatassa ◽  
Cinzia Cardamone ◽  
Viviana Miraglia ◽  
Fabrizio Lazzara ◽  
Gerlando Fiorenza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Internal Surfaces ◽  
Dairy Equipment ◽  
Cheese Production

Traditional Sicilian cheese productions are carried out employing traditional wooden vats, called <em>tina.</em> Many studies have highlighted the beneficial role of wooden dairy equipment by contributing to enriching the milk microflora and improving the acidification processes. The present work was undertaken to evaluate the safety of the wooden vats used to coagulate milk. To this purpose, the different microbial populations hosted onto the internal surfaces of the vats used to produce two different stretched cheeses, namely <em>Caciocavallo Palermitano</em> and <em>Vastedda della valle del Belìce DOP</em>, were investigated for the presence of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms as well as for bacteria with inhibitory effect in vitro against pathogenic microorganisms. A wide biodiversity of protechnological lactic acid bacteria (LAB), in terms of species, was revealed. Several LAB inhibited the growth of <em>Listeria monocytogenes</em> ATCC 7644. The wooden vats analysed resulted safe for three main findings: absence of the main pathogenic species, presence of high levels of LAB, anti-<em>Listeria</em> activity of many LAB.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of efficacy of various probiotics on Streptococcus species

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Shweta Chandak ◽  
Ankita A. Moon ◽  
Shruti S. Karale ◽  
Amit Bharadwaj
Keyword(s):  
Health Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Dairy Food ◽  
Streptococcus Species ◽  
Probiotic Yogurt ◽  
Probiotic Product ◽  
Cheese Curd

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Probiotics which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. The role of probiotics is the replacement of pathogenic species with non-pathogenic species. Dairy food like cheese, curd and milk are considered as useful vehicles to carry probiotic bacteria. Aim of the study was to compare and evaluate the efficacy of various probiotics against different Streptococcus species.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Three probiotic products viz probiotic milk, probiotic yogurt and probiotic capsules were used. <em>Streptococcus</em> species i.e. <em>S. mutans, S. sanguinis</em> and <em>S. sobrinus</em> were isolated from the saliva of children with moderate to high caries. 0.2 ml of each probiotic product was transferred to the blood agar plates coated with <em>Streptococcus</em> species.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The zone of inhibition was observed in all the test groups, for all the <em>Streptococcus</em> species against all the probiotics, highest for <em>S. mutans</em> against probiotic milk. The growth of <em>S. mutans, S. sanguinis</em> and <em>S. sobrinus</em> was inhibited by <em>L. casei shirota</em> present in probiotic milk (Yakult), <em>Lactobacilli acidophilus</em> present in probiotic yogurt (Actiplus nestle) followed by <em>Lactobacilli rhamnosus</em> present in pre and probiotic capsule (Inlife).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The use of probiotic products that are readily available and cost effective like milk and yogurt can be inculcated in general population especially in children as a preventive tool for dental caries. </p>

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