scholarly journals Crystal Structure of Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase from the Gram-Positive Bacterial Pathogen A. vaginae, an Immunoevasive Factor that Interacts with the Human C5a Anaphylatoxin

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Querol-García ◽  
Francisco J. Fernández ◽  
Ana V. Marin ◽  
Sara Gómez ◽  
Daniel Fullà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
C5a Anaphylatoxin

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam against Isolates from Respiratory and Blood Specimens from Patients with Nosocomial Pneumonia, Including Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, in a Phase 3 Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory G. Stone ◽  
Patricia A. Bradford ◽  
Margaret Tawadrous ◽  
Dianna Taylor ◽  
Mary Jane Cadatal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Pneumonia ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Highly Active

ABSTRACT Nosocomial pneumonia (NP), including ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), is increasingly associated with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. This study describes the in vitro activity of ceftazidime-avibactam, ceftazidime, and relevant comparator agents against bacterial pathogens isolated from patients with NP, including VAP, enrolled in a ceftazidime-avibactam phase 3 trial. Gram-positive pathogens were included if coisolated with a Gram-negative pathogen. In vitro susceptibility was determined at a central laboratory using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution methods. Of 817 randomized patients, 457 (55.9%) had ≥1 Gram-negative bacterial pathogen(s) isolated at baseline, and 149 (18.2%) had ≥1 Gram-positive pathogen(s) coisolated. The most common isolated pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.8%), and Staphylococcus aureus (11.5%). Ceftazidime-avibactam was highly active in vitro against 370 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, with 98.6% susceptible (MIC90, 0.5 μg/ml) compared with 73.2% susceptible for ceftazidime (MIC90, >64 μg/ml). The percent susceptibility values for ceftazidime-avibactam and ceftazidime against 129 P. aeruginosa isolates were 88.4% and 72.9% (MIC90 values of 16 μg/ml and 64 μg/ml), respectively. Among ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Gram-negative isolates, ceftazidime-avibactam percent susceptibility values were 94.9% for 99 Enterobacteriaceae and 60.0% for 35 P. aeruginosa. MIC90 values for linezolid and vancomycin (permitted per protocol for Gram-positive coverage) were within their respective MIC susceptibility breakpoints against the Gram-positive pathogens isolated. This analysis demonstrates that ceftazidime-avibactam was active in vitro against the majority of Enterobacteriaceae and P. aeruginosa isolates from patients with NP, including VAP, in a phase 3 trial. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT01808092.)

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of an Antigen I/II Family Protein Produced by Group A Streptococcus

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 4200-4213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizhen Zhang ◽  
Nicole M. Green ◽  
Izabela Sitkiewicz ◽  
Rance B. LeFebvre ◽  
James M. Musser
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Genomic Islands ◽  
Oral Streptococci ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACT Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a gram-positive human bacterial pathogen that causes infections ranging in severity from pharyngitis to life-threatening invasive disease, such as necrotizing fasciitis. Serotype M28 strains are consistently isolated from invasive infections, particularly puerperal sepsis, a severe infection that occurs during or after childbirth. We recently sequenced the genome of a serotype M28 GAS strain and discovered a novel 37.4-kb foreign genetic element designated region of difference 2 (RD2). RD2 is similar in gene content and organization to genomic islands found in group B streptococci (GBS), the major cause of neonatal infections. RD2 encodes seven proteins with conventional gram-positive secretion signal sequences, six of which have not been characterized. Herein, we report that one of these six proteins (M28_Spy1325; Spy1325) is a member of the antigen I/II family of cell surface-anchored molecules produced by oral streptococci. PCR and DNA sequence analysis found that Spy1325 is very well conserved in GAS strains of distinct M protein serotypes. As assessed by real-time TaqMan quantitative PCR, the Spy1325 gene was expressed in vitro, and Spy1325 protein was present in culture supernatants and on the GAS cell surface. Western immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays indicated that Spy1325 was produced by GAS in infected mice and humans. Importantly, the immunization of mice with recombinant Spy1325 fragments conferred protection against GAS-mediated mortality. Similar to other antigen I/II proteins, recombinant Spy1325 bound purified human salivary agglutinin glycoprotein. Spy1325 may represent a shared virulence factor among GAS, GBS, and oral streptococci.

scholarly journals Streptococcus iniae, a Human and Animal Pathogen: Specific Identification by the Chaperonin 60 Gene Identification Method

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 2164-2166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swee Han Goh ◽  
David Driedger ◽  
Sandra Gillett ◽  
Donald E. Low ◽  
Sean M. Hemmingsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Gene Identification ◽  
Streptococcus Iniae ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Aquatic Animals ◽  
Specific Identification ◽  
Identification Method ◽  
Chemiluminescent Detection ◽  
Chaperonin 60 ◽  
Serious Disease

It was recently reported that Streptococcus iniae, a bacterial pathogen of aquatic animals, can cause serious disease in humans. Using the chaperonin 60 (Cpn60) gene identification method with reverse checkerboard hybridization and chemiluminescent detection, we identified correctly each of 12 S. iniae samples among 34 aerobic gram-positive isolates from animal and clinical human sources.

scholarly journals Crystal Structure of DsbA from Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Its Functional Implications for CueP in Gram-Positive Bacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 715-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Hyeon Um ◽  
Jin-Sik Kim ◽  
Saemee Song ◽  
Nam Ah Kim ◽  
Seong Hoon Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Functional Implications

Metabolism of the Gram-Positive Bacterial Pathogen Listeria monocytogenes

2019 ◽  
pp. 864-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
John-Demian Sauer ◽  
Anat A. Herskovits ◽  
Mary X.D. O'Riordan
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Gram Positive

scholarly journals Breakage-Reunion Domain of Streptococcus pneumoniae Topoisomerase IV: Crystal Structure of a Gram-Positive Quinolone Target

PLoS ONE ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. e301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Laponogov ◽  
Dennis A. Veselkov ◽  
Maninder K. Sohi ◽  
Xiao-Su Pan ◽  
Aniruddha Achari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Topoisomerase Iv ◽  
Gram Positive

scholarly journals Crystal structure of human peptidoglycan recognition protein Iα bound to a muramyl pentapeptide from Gram-positive bacteria

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1199-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongjin Guan ◽  
Patrick H. Brown ◽  
Chittoor P. Swaminathan ◽  
Abhijit Roychowdhury ◽  
Geert-Jan Boons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Recognition Protein

Crystal structure of a peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP) in complex with a muramyl tripeptide from Gram-positive bacteria

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongjin Guan ◽  
Abhijit Roychowdury ◽  
Brian Ember ◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Geert-Jan Boons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Recognition Protein
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