scholarly journals Phylogenetic Systematics of the Water Toad (Bufo stejnegeri) Elucidates the Evolution of Semi-aquatic Toad Ecology and Pleistocene Glacial Refugia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan J. Fong ◽  
Bao-Tian Yang ◽  
Pi-Peng Li ◽  
Bruce Waldman ◽  
Mi-Sook Min
Keyword(s):  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Phylogenetic Systematics ◽  
Toad Bufo

scholarly journals Phylogeography in an “oyster” shell provides first insights into the genetic structure of an extinct Ostrea edulis population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Hayer ◽  
Dirk Brandis ◽  
Alexander Immel ◽  
Julian Susat ◽  
Montserrat Torres-Oliva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Wadden Sea ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Oyster Shell ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Ostrea Edulis ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
The North

AbstractThe historical phylogeography of Ostrea edulis was successfully depicted in its native range for the first time using ancient DNA methods on dry shells from museum collections. This research reconstructed the historical population structure of the European flat oyster across Europe in the 1870s—including the now extinct population in the Wadden Sea. In total, four haplogroups were identified with one haplogroup having a patchy distribution from the North Sea to the Atlantic coast of France. This irregular distribution could be the result of translocations. The other three haplogroups are restricted to narrow geographic ranges, which may indicate adaptation to local environmental conditions or geographical barriers to gene flow. The phylogenetic reconstruction of the four haplogroups suggests the signatures of glacial refugia and postglacial expansion. The comparison with present-day O. edulis populations revealed a temporally stable population genetic pattern over the past 150 years despite large-scale translocations. This historical phylogeographic reconstruction was able to discover an autochthonous population in the German and Danish Wadden Sea in the late nineteenth century, where O. edulis is extinct today. The genetic distinctiveness of a now-extinct population hints at a connection between the genetic background of O. edulis in the Wadden Sea and for its absence until today.

scholarly journals From glacial refugia to hydrological microrefugia: Factors and processes driving the persistence of the climate relict tree Zelkova sicula

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2919-2936
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Garfì ◽  
Francesco Carimi ◽  
Laurence Fazan ◽  
Alessandro Silvestre Gristina ◽  
Gregor Kozlowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glacial Refugia

Mollusc successions reveal northward postglacial shifts of Alpine species ranges (Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic)

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110116
Author(s):  
Lucie Juřičková ◽  
Jakub Menšík ◽  
Jitka Horáčková ◽  
Vojen Ložek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Bohemian Massif ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Glacial Refugium ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene

The Alps are an important hotspot of species diversity and endemism, as well as a presumed glacial refugium of several species’ groups including land snails. The recent ranges of Alpine endemics are well known, but their fluctuations during the postglacial period mirroring local climate changes are understudied. By analysing five Late Glacial and Holocene mollusc successions from two areas in the southernmost part of the Bohemian Massif (Czech Republic) situated about 100 km north of the Alps, we reveal details of these fluctuations. The Alpine endemic rocky dweller Chilostoma achates had reached the southern part of the Bohemian Massif already in the Late Glacial and disappeared in the Mid-Holocene canopy forest optimum. On the contrary, the northern boundaries of Alpine canopy forest epigeic snails extended further north than today at the turn of the Middle and Late-Holocene, pointing to a more favourable forest microclimate. The earliest known occurrences of several temperate canopy forest central European species, especially Causa holosericea and Discus perspectivus, imply the role of different areas in the Alps as their glacial refugia.

scholarly journals Retinoid processing in retinal pigment epithelium of toad (Bufo marinus).

1994 ◽  
Vol 269 (35) ◽  
pp. 21983-21989 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.I. Okajima ◽  
B. Wiggert ◽  
G.J. Chader ◽  
D.R. Pepperberg
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Toad Bufo

scholarly journals The minor bile acids of the toad, Bufo vulgaris formosus.

1983 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1468-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Une ◽  
T Kuramoto ◽  
T Hoshita
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Toad Bufo

Bufadienolides from the Eggs of the Toad Bufo bufo gargarizans and Their Antimelanoma Activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-wen Zhou ◽  
Jing-yu Quan ◽  
Zi-wei Li ◽  
Ge Ye ◽  
Zhuo Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Bufo Gargarizans ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Toad Bufo Bufo
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