scholarly journals Are arrival date and body mass after spring migration influenced by large-scale environmental factors in a migratory seabird?

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lesley Szostek ◽  
Sandra Bouwhuis ◽  
Peter H. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spring Migration ◽  
Arrival Date

scholarly journals Identification of genetic loci affecting body mass index through interaction with multiple environmental factors using structured linear mixed model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae-Un Jung ◽  
Won Jun Lee ◽  
Tae-Woong Ha ◽  
Ji-One Kang ◽  
Jihye Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bayes Factor ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Environment Interaction

AbstractMultiple environmental factors could interact with a single genetic factor to affect disease phenotypes. We used Struct-LMM to identify genetic variants that interacted with environmental factors related to body mass index (BMI) using data from the Korea Association Resource. The following factors were investigated: alcohol consumption, education, physical activity metabolic equivalent of task (PAMET), income, total calorie intake, protein intake, carbohydrate intake, and smoking status. Initial analysis identified 7 potential single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that interacted with the environmental factors (P value < 5.00 × 10−6). Of the 8 environmental factors, PAMET score was excluded for further analysis since it had an average Bayes Factor (BF) value < 1 (BF = 0.88). Interaction analysis using 7 environmental factors identified 11 SNPs (P value < 5.00 × 10−6). Of these, rs2391331 had the most significant interaction (P value = 7.27 × 10−9) and was located within the intron of EFNB2 (Chr 13). In addition, the gene-based genome-wide association study verified EFNB2 gene significantly interacting with 7 environmental factors (P value = 5.03 × 10−10). BF analysis indicated that most environmental factors, except carbohydrate intake, contributed to the interaction of rs2391331 on BMI. Although the replication of the results in other cohorts is warranted, these findings proved the usefulness of Struct-LMM to identify the gene–environment interaction affecting disease.

scholarly journals Influence of temperature on the larval development of the edible crab, Cancer pagurus

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Weiss ◽  
Sven Thatje ◽  
Olaf Heilmayer ◽  
Klaus Anger ◽  
Thomas Brey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Larval Body ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Cancer Pagurus ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

The influence of temperature on larval survival and development was studied in the edible crab, Cancer pagurus, from a population off the island of Helgoland, North Sea. In rearing experiments conducted at six different temperatures (6°, 10°, 14°, 15°, 18° and 24°C), zoeal development was only completed at 14° and 15°C. Instar duration of the Zoea I was negatively correlated with temperature. A model relating larval body mass to temperature and developmental time suggests that successful larval development is possible within a narrow temperature range (14° ± 3°C) only. This temperature optimum coincides with the highest citrate synthase activity found at 14°C. A comparison for intraspecific variability among freshly hatched zoeae from different females (CW 13–17 cm, N = 8) revealed that both body mass and elemental composition varied significantly. Initial larval dry weight ranged from 12.1 to 17.9 μg/individual, the carbon content from 4.6 to 5.8 μg/individual, nitrogen from 1.1 to 1.3 μg/individual, and the C:N ratio from 4.1 to 4.4. A narrow larval temperature tolerance range of C. pagurus as well as the indication of intraspecific variability in female energy allocation into eggs may indicate a potential vulnerability of this species to climate change. Large-scale studies on the ecological and physiological resilience potential of this commercially fished predator are needed.

Species Responses to Grazing and Environmental-Factors in an Arid Halophytic Shrubland Community

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
RB Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Species Responses

Species responses to grazing and environmental factors were studied in an arid halophytic shrubland community in Western Australia. The grazing responses of major shrub species were defined by using reciprocal averaging ordination of botanical data, interpreted in conjunction with a similar ordination of soil chemical properties and measures of soil erosion derived from large-scale aerial photographs. An apparent small-scale interaction between grazing and soil salinity was also defined. Long-term grazing pressure is apparently reduced on localised areas of high salinity. Environmental factors affecting species distribution are complex and appear to include soil salinity, soil cationic balance, geomorphological variation and the influence of cryptogamic crusts on seedling establishment.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index and Mortality From All Causes and Major Causes in Japanese: Results of a Pooled Analysis of 7 Large-Scale Cohort Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 417-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizuka Sasazuki ◽  
Manami Inoue ◽  
Ichiro Tsuji ◽  
Yumi Sugawara ◽  
Akiko Tamakoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pooled Analysis

Relationship Between Prevalence of Childhood Obesity in 17-Year-Olds and Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rie Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
University Education ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Neighborhood Level ◽  
College Or University

To investigate the association between childhood obesity and neighborhood-level socio-economic and environmental factors in Japan. The prevalence of childhood obesity in 2008 was obtained from annual reports of the School Health Survey. The following 12 factors were publicly available: income per person, ratio of people completing up to college or university education, population density, total length of roads per square kilometer, number relative to the population of food and drink stores, restaurants, large-scale retail stores, convenience stores, passenger cars, traffic accidents, criminal offenses, and death by accidents. The ratio of people completing up to college or university education was inversely associated with obesity in boys and girls. No association was found between obesity and the other factors examined. An inverse association was shown between educational level and childhood obesity in both boys and girls. Further studies integrating associations between childhood obesity and neighborhood-level factors are needed.

scholarly journals Nutrient Reserves of Lesser Scaup (Aythya Affinis) During Spring Migration in the Mississippi Flyway: A Test of the Spring Condition Hypothesis

The Auk ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 917-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Anteau ◽  
Alan D. Afton
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Spring Migration ◽  
Aythya Affinis ◽  
Lesser Scaup ◽  
Nutrient Reserves ◽  
Mineral Reserves

AbstractThe continental scaup population (Lesser [Aythya affinis] and Greater [A. marila] combined) has declined markedly since 1978. One hypothesis for the population decline states that reproductive success has decreased because female scaup are arriving on breeding areas in poorer body condition than they did historically (i.e. spring condition hypothesis). We tested one aspect of that hypothesis by comparing body mass and nutrient reserves (lipid, protein, and mineral) of Lesser Scaup at four locations (Louisiana, Illinois, Minnesota, and Manitoba) between the 1980s and 2000s. We found that mean body mass and lipid and mineral reserves of females were 80.0, 52.5, and 3.0 g higher, respectively, in the 2000s than in the 1980s in Louisiana; similarly, body mass and lipid and mineral reserves of males were 108.8, 72.5, and 2.5 g higher, respectively. In Illinois, mean body mass and lipid reserves of females were 88.6 and 56.5 g higher, respectively, in the 2000s than in the 1980s; similarly, body mass and lipid and mineral reserves of males were 80.6, 76.0, and 2.7 g higher, respectively. Mean body mass of females were 58.5 and 58.9 g lower in the 2000s than in the 1980s in Minnesota and Manitoba, respectively; mean body mass of males, similarly, were 40.7 g lower in Minnesota. Mean lipid reserves of females in the 2000s were 28.8 and 27.8 g lower than those in the 1980s in Minnesota and Manitoba, respectively. Mean mineral reserves of females in the 2000s were 3.2 g lower than those in the 1980s in Manitoba. Consequently, females arriving to breed in Manitoba in the 2000s had accumulated lipid reserves for 4.1 fewer eggs and mineral reserves for 0.8 fewer eggs than those arriving to breed there in the 1980s. Accordingly, our results are consistent with the spring condition hypothesis and suggest that female body condition has declined, as reflected by decreases in body mass, lipids, and mineral reserves that could cause reductions in reproductive success and ultimately a population decline.

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