scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Alleviate the Negative Effects of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Bacterial Community in Rhizospheric Soils

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiling Cao ◽  
Youzhi Feng ◽  
Xiangui Lin ◽  
Junhua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Negative Effects

scholarly journals Reciprocal interactions between aphids and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi across plant generations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth P. Chitty ◽  
Alan C. Gange
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Senecio Vulgaris ◽  
Mycorrhizal Associations ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Offspring Generation

AbstractThe conditions experienced by one plant generation can influence the growth of the offspring generation. These maternal effects can reduce performance of foliar-feeding insects, through accumulation of plant defences. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inhabit the roots of plants and are known to influence the performance of foliar-feeding insects. However, all published studies of the interactions between insects and AMF have taken place within one plant generation, but none across generations. Thus, in the present study, Senecio vulgaris plants were grown with or without aphids and AMF (termed ‘induction events’), and seeds from each treatment were used to grow plants experiencing that same treatment over four successive generations, all grown in identical environmental conditions. Naïve aphids were reared on Senecio plants whose parents had experienced 0, 1, 2 or 3 induction events. We found strong negative maternal effects of herbivory on aphid growth, which were not mitigated by the mycorrhiza. However, teneral weight and growth rate showed a gradual recovery; aphids reared on plants whose previous three generations suffered attack were similar in size to those at the beginning of the study. Herbivory had positive or negative effects on the mycorrhiza, dependent upon the number of previous generations suffering attack or having mycorrhizal associations. We conclude that the outcome of many insect plant fungal experiments is likely to have been influenced by and need to account for maternal effects of the parental plant’s growth conditions.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the associated bacterial community influence the uptake of cadmium in rice

Geoderma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 337 ◽  
pp. 749-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Wen Chen ◽  
Li Wu ◽  
Na Luo ◽  
Ce Hui Mo ◽  
Ming Hung Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Community Influence

scholarly journals Potential of Native Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Rhizobia, and/or Green Compost as Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Enhancers under Salinity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Ben-Laouane ◽  
Marouane Baslam ◽  
Mohamed Ait-El-Mokhtar ◽  
Mohamed Anli ◽  
Abderrahim Boutasknit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Compatible Solutes ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mycorrhizal Infection ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Metabolic Basis

Salinity is one of the devastating abiotic stresses that cause reductions in agricultural production. The increased salinization affects alfalfa growth, metabolism, and rhizobium capacity for symbiotic N2 fixation negatively. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficiency of green compost (C; made from green waste), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (M; field-sourced native consortium), and/or rhizobium (R; a salt-tolerant rhizobium strain) individually or in combination as an effective strategy to improve alfalfa productivity under non-saline and high-saline (120 mM NaCl) conditions. In addition, we aimed to understand the agro-physiological and metabolic basis as well as glomalin content in the soil of biofertilizers-induced salt tolerance in alfalfa. Here, we show that mycorrhizal infection was enhanced after MR inoculation, while C application decreased it significantly. Salinity reduced growth, physiological functioning, and protein concentration, but the antioxidant system has been activated. Application of the selected biofertilizers, especially C alone or combined with M and/or R improved alfalfa tolerance. The tri-combination CMR mitigated the negative effects of high salinity by stimulating plant growth, roots and nodules dry matters, mineral uptake (P, N, and K), antioxidant system, synthesis of compatible solutes, and soil glomalin content, sustaining photosynthesis-related performance and decreasing Na+ and Cl− accumulation, lipid peroxidation, H2O2 content, and electrolyte leakage.

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