scholarly journals Spatial Continuity Effect vs. Spatial Contiguity Failure. Revising the Effects of Spatial Proximity Between Related and Unrelated Representations

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maik Beege ◽  
Maria Wirzberger ◽  
Steve Nebel ◽  
Sascha Schneider ◽  
Nina Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Spatial Contiguity ◽  
Spatial Continuity

The Spatial Contiguity Effect in Multimedia Learning: The Role of Cueing

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuxing WANG ◽  
Zhaohui DUAN ◽  
Zongkui ZHOU ◽  
Jun CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Multimedia Learning ◽  
Spatial Contiguity

scholarly journals Altered Spatial Composition of the Immune Cell Repertoire in Association to CD34+ Blasts in Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Marcus Bauer ◽  
Christoforos Vaxevanis ◽  
Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali ◽  
Nadja Jaekel ◽  
Christin Le Hoa Naumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myelodysplastic Syndromes ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Background: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are caused by a stem cell failure and often include a dysfunction of the immune system. However, the relationship between spatial immune cell distribution within the bone marrow (BM), in relation to genetic features and the course of disease has not been analyzed in detail. Methods: Histotopography of immune cell subpopulations and their spatial distribution to CD34+ hematopoietic cells was determined by multispectral imaging (MSI) in 147 BM biopsies (BMB) from patients with MDS, secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML), and controls. Results: In MDS and sAML samples, a high inter-tumoral immune cell heterogeneity in spatial proximity to CD34+ blasts was found that was independent of genetic alterations, but correlated to blast counts. In controls, no CD8+ and FOXP3+ T cells and only single MUM1p+ B/plasma cells were detected in an area of ≤10 μm to CD34+ HSPC. Conclusions: CD8+ and FOXP3+ T cells are regularly seen in the 10 μm area around CD34+ blasts in MDS/sAML regardless of the course of the disease but lack in the surrounding of CD34+ HSPC in control samples. In addition, the frequencies of immune cell subsets in MDS and sAML BMB differ when compared to control BMB providing novel insights in immune deregulation.

On the emergence and structure of a new regional network

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-256
Author(s):  
Helena Mäkinen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Regional Network ◽  
Trade Associations ◽  
Chambers Of Commerce

This paper discusses the concept of a regional network as well as the empirical emergence of it in the Finnish pharmaceutical industry. A regional network is characterised by relatively stable relations between legally independent firms, which co-operate in spatial proximity. Financial, educational and research institutions are closely tied into these networks as are government agencies, trade associations, chambers of commerce and trade unions. The paper concludes that the new pharmaceutical industry in Finland has succeeded in building a growing regional network where actors work together in order to increase the value of the network. At the same time the network fosters industrial and economic development in the region.

scholarly journals Third-Party Effects in Stakeholder Interviews

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 160940692096648
Author(s):  
Melissa Beresford ◽  
J. Leah Jones ◽  
Julia C. Bausch ◽  
Clinton F. Williams ◽  
Amber Wutich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Sensitive Topics ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Coding Strategy ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

This paper examines the effect of having a third-party scientific expert present in stakeholder interviews. The study was conducted as part of a larger project on stakeholder engagement for natural resource management in the Verde Valley region of Arizona. We employed an experimental design, conducting stakeholder interviews both with and without an identified scientific expert present. Our sample consisted of 12 pairs of interviewees (24 total participants) who we matched based on their occupation, sex, and spatial proximity. For each pair, the scientific expert was present as a third party in one interview and absent in the other. We used a word-based coding strategy to code all interview responses for three known areas of sensitivity among the study population (risk, gatekeeping, and competence). We then performed both quantitative and qualitative analyses to compare responses across the two interview groups. We found that the presence of a scientific expert did not have a statistically significant effect on the mention of sensitive topics among stakeholders. However, our qualitative results show that the presence of a scientific expert had subtle influences on the ways that stakeholders discussed sensitive topics, particularly in placing emphasis on their own credibility and knowledge. Our findings indicate that researchers may be able to pursue collaborative, interdisciplinary research designs with multiple researchers present during interviews without concerns of strongly influencing data elicitation on sensitive topics. However, researchers should be cognizant of the subtle ways in which the presence of a third-party expert may influence the credibility claims and knowledge assertions made by respondents when a third-party expert is present during stakeholder interviews.

scholarly journals Extremely Halophilic Biohydrogen Producing Microbial Communities from High-Salinity Soil and Salt Evaporation Pond

Fuels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-252
Author(s):  
Dyah Asri Handayani Taroepratjeka ◽  
Tsuyoshi Imai ◽  
Prapaipid Chairattanamanokorn ◽  
Alissara Reungsang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Lignocellulosic Waste ◽  
Evaporation Pond ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Determining Factor

Extreme halophiles offer the advantage to save on the costs of sterilization and water for biohydrogen production from lignocellulosic waste after the pretreatment process with their ability to withstand extreme salt concentrations. This study identifies the dominant hydrogen-producing genera and species among the acclimatized, extremely halotolerant microbial communities taken from two salt-damaged soil locations in Khon Kaen and one location from the salt evaporation pond in Samut Sakhon, Thailand. The microbial communities’ V3–V4 regions of 16srRNA were analyzed using high-throughput amplicon sequencing. A total of 345 operational taxonomic units were obtained and the high-throughput sequencing confirmed that Firmicutes was the dominant phyla of the three communities. Halanaerobium fermentans and Halanaerobacter lacunarum were the dominant hydrogen-producing species of the communities. Spatial proximity was not found to be a determining factor for similarities between these extremely halophilic microbial communities. Through the study of the microbial communities, strategies can be developed to increase biohydrogen molar yield.

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