scholarly journals Comparison of the Association Between Arterial Stiffness Indices and Heart Failure in Patients With High Cardiovascular Risk: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Joo Lee ◽  
Minjae Yoon ◽  
Jaehyung Ha ◽  
Jaewon Oh ◽  
Sungha Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Study findings of the relationship of each arterial stiffness index with incident heart failure (HF) are conflicting. We aimed to compare the association between the indices of arterial stiffness and the risk of HF.Methods: We analysed 3,034 patients from a prospective cohort that enrolled patients with high cardiovascular risk. They underwent brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), brachial pulse pressure (PP), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), and central PP measurements.Results: Over a median follow-up of 4.7 years (interquartile range, 3.4–5.8 years), 65 HF events occurred. The incidence rate of HF was 4.7 per 1,000 person-years [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.7–6.0]. There was no difference in baPWV in those with and without HF events (1,561 ± 401 and 1,520 ± 321 cm/s, respectively, P = 0.415); however, there was a significant difference in brachial PP (63.2 ± 16.9 vs. 52.3 ± 11.5 mmHg, P < 0.001), cfPWV (11.0 ± 3.1 vs. 9.4 ± 2.4 m/s, P < 0.001) and central PP (56.6 ± 19.9 vs. 42.9 ± 13.8 mmHg, P < 0.001). In the multivariable-adjusted model, brachial PP [hazards ratio (HR) per standard deviation unit (SDU), 1.48; 95% CI, 1.19–1.84, P < 0.001], cfPWV (HR per SDU, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.02–1.63, P = 0.032) and central PP (HR per SDU, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.17–1.78; P < 0.001) were associated with incident HF, but baPWV was not (HR per SDU, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.63–1.10; P = 0.198). In the receiver operating characteristic analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) of brachial PP (P < 0.001), cfPWV (P = 0.003) or central PP (P = 0.001) was larger than that of baPWV, and there was no difference in the AUCs of brachial PP, cfPWV and central PP.Conclusion: Among arterial stiffness indices, brachial PWV was less associated with the risk of heart failure, and brachial PP and measures representing central hemodynamics were highly associated with incident HF.

scholarly journals Elevated levels of urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate are associated with arterial stiffness in Korean adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hee Haam ◽  
Young-Sang Kim ◽  
Doo-Yeoun Cho ◽  
Hyejin Chun ◽  
Sang-Woon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that cellular perturbations play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we analyzed the association between the levels of urinary metabolites and arterial stiffness. Our cross-sectional study included 330 Korean men and women. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was measured as a marker of arterial stiffness. Urinary metabolites were evaluated using a high-performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was found to be positively correlated with l-lactate, citrate, isocitrate, succinate, malate, hydroxymethylglutarate, α-ketoisovalerate, α-keto-β-methylvalerate, methylmalonate, and formiminoglutamate among men. Whereas, among women, the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was positively correlated with cis-aconitate, isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate. In the multivariable regression models adjusted for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, three metabolite concentrations (urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate) were independently and positively associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Increased urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate concentrations were associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and independent of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings suggest that metabolic disturbances in cells may be related to arterial stiffness.

scholarly journals Hyperemia-Related Changes in Arterial Stiffness: Comparison between Pulse Wave Velocity and Stiffness Index in the Vascular Reactivity Assessment

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Torrado ◽  
Daniel Bia ◽  
Yanina Zócalo ◽  
Ignacio Farro ◽  
Federico Farro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Temporal Course ◽  
Peripheral Pulse

Carotid-to-radial pulse wave velocity (PWVcr) has been proposed to evaluate endothelial function. However, the measurement ofPWVcris not without limitations. A new simple approach could have wide application.Stiffness index(SI) is obtained by analysis of the peripheral pulse wave and gives reproducible information about stiffness of large arteries. This study assessed the effects of hyperemia on SI and compared it withPWVcrin 14 healthy subjects. Both were measured at rest and during 8 minutes after ischemia. SI temporal course was determined. At 1 minute, SI andPWVcrdecreased (5.58±0.24to5.34±0.23 m/s,P<0.05;7.8±1.0to7.2±0.9 m/s;P<0.05, resp.). SI was positively related toPWVcrin baseline (r=0.62,P<0.05), at 1 minute (r=0.79,P<0.05), and during the whole experimental session (r=0.52,P<0.05).Conclusion. Hyperemia significantly decreases SI in healthy subjects. SI was related toPWVcrand could be used to facilitate the evaluation of hyperemia-related changes in arterial stiffness.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF STATIN ADDED TO ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY ON ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS AT HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
O. V. Fedorishina ◽  
K. V. Protasov ◽  
A. M. Torunova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Antihypertensive Therapy ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure

Background.Little is known about the effect of statins addition to standard antihypertensive therapy on blood pressure level and vascular stiffness in high-risk hypertensive patients.The aimof the study was to assess the dynamics of vascular stiffness in hypertensive patients of high or very high cardiovascular risk under the influence of rosuvastatin addition to combined two-component amlodipine and lisinopril antihypertensive therapy.Materials and methods.We investigated 60 hypertensive patients who were randomized into two groups: the 1st group received a fixed amlodipine/lisinopril combination, the 2nd one followed the same regimen of therapy with addition of 20 mg rosuvastatin. Mean office and ambulatory blood pressure as well as central aortic blood pressure and pulse wave velocity were evaluated in both groups before and after 24-week follow-up period.Results.At end of follow-up period the office and average daily blood pressure significantly decreased in both groups, with more prominent office diastolic blood pressure decline in the 2nd one. The central aortic blood pressure equally decreased in both groups. The augmentation index significantly reduced in both groups, mostly in the 2nd one. The carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity declined in both groups to the same extent. The carotid-radial pulse wave velocity decreased statistically only in the second group.Conclusions.Addition of rosuvastatin to a fixed amlodipine/lisinopril combination in high/very high cardiovascular risk hypertensive patients was accompanied by more pronounced decline of diastolic blood pressure and augmentation index, as well as significantly reduction of pulse wave velocity.

scholarly journals Aortic Root Dimensions and Pulse Wave Velocity in Young Competitive Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 5922
Author(s):  
Tobias Engl ◽  
Jan Müller ◽  
Patrick Fisel ◽  
Renate Oberhoffer-Fritz
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Connective Tissue Disease ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Aortic Root ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Aortic Root Dilatation

The assessment of aortic root dimensions is a cornerstone in cardiac pre-participation screening as dilation can result in severe cardiac events. Moreover, it can be a hint for an underlying connective tissue disease, which needs individualized sports counseling. This study examines the prevalence of aortic root dilatation in a cohort and its relationship to arterial stiffness as an early marker of cardiovascular risk due to vascular aging. From May 2012 to March 2018, we examined 281 young male athletes (14.7 ± 2.1 years) for their aortic root dimension. Moreover, we noninvasively assessed arterial stiffness parameter during pre-participation screening. Mean aortic diameter was 25.9 ± 3.1 mm and 18 of the 281 (6.4%) athletes had aortic root dilation without other clinical evidence of connective tissue disease. After adjusting for BSA, there was no association of aortic root diameter to pulse wave velocity (p = −0.054 r = 0.368) nor to central blood pressure (p = −0.029 r = 0.634). Thus, although a significant proportion of young athletes had aortic root dilatation, which certainly needs regular follow up, no correlation with arterial stiffness was found. It could be suggested that a dilated aortic root in young athletes does not alter pulse waveform and pulse reflection, and thus there is no increased cardiovascular risk in those subjects.

scholarly journals Short-Term Prognostic Impact of Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults Without Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease

Hypertension ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1373-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther D. Kim ◽  
Shoshana H. Ballew ◽  
Hirofumi Tanaka ◽  
Gerardo Heiss ◽  
Josef Coresh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Bottom Quartile ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Arterial stiffness, represented as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD). In older populations, however, this association seems attenuated. Moreover, the prognostic values of pulse wave velocity at different arterial segments and newer parameters like cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) remain unclear, especially in US older adults. In 3034 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants (66–90 years) without CVD, we examined the associations of 4 pulse wave velocity measures (cfPWV, heart-femoral, brachial-ankle, heart-ankle) and 2 new measures of arterial stiffness (CAVI and cardio-femoral vascular index derived from heart-ankle and heart-femoral, respectively) with incident CVD (coronary disease, stroke, and heart failure) and all-cause mortality. Over a median follow-up of 4.4 years, there were 168 incident CVD events and 244 deaths. Overall, stiffness measures did not show strong associations with CVD, except cfPWV, which demonstrated a J-shaped association even after adjusting for potential confounders (hazard ratio, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.08–3.09] in top quartile and 1.97 [1.14–3.39] in bottom quartile versus second bottom quartile). When each CVD was examined separately, heart failure was most robustly associated with higher cfPWV, and stroke was strongly associated with lower cfPWV. There were no significant associations with all-cause mortality. Among different measures of pulse wave velocity, cfPWV showed the strongest associations with CVD, especially heart failure, in older adults without CVD. Other pulse wave velocity measures had no strong associations. Our findings further support cfPWV as the index measure of arterial stiffness and the link of arterial stiffness to heart failure development but also suggest somewhat limited prognostic value of arterial stiffness in older adults overall.

scholarly journals Increased Arterial Stiffness in Adolescents With Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1983129
Author(s):  
Yvette E. Lentferink ◽  
Lisa A. J. Kromwijk ◽  
Marloes P. van der Aa ◽  
Catherijne A. J. Knibbe ◽  
Marja M. J. van der Vorst
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

Increased arterial stiffness (AS) is an early sign of cardiovascular disease. Influence of weight, puberty, and insulin resistance (IR) on AS in adolescents is unclear. Therefore, this study compared AS, assessed with pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx), of adolescents with and without obesity and evaluated the influence of puberty and IR on AS. Sixty-two lean and 61 adolescents with obesity were included. Significantly higher PWV was observed in adolescents with obesity (4.1 ms−1 [2.4 to 5.6 ms−1] vs 3.6 ms−1 [0.4 to 6.1 ms−1]; P = .01), while AIx was not significant different. However, significantly higher AIx was observed in adolescents with obesity and IR (3.0 [−17.5% to 28.5%] vs −3.0 [−19.0% to 13.0%]; P = .01). For Tanner stages, no differences were observed. The higher PWV in adolescents with obesity and higher AIx in adolescents with obesity and IR both indicate an increased AS. Consequently, measurement of AS should be considered in adolescents with obesity and IR as part of cardiovascular risk assessment.

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