scholarly journals Machine Learning for Clinical Decision-Making: Challenges and Opportunities in Cardiovascular Imaging

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Sanchez-Martinez ◽  
Oscar Camara ◽  
Gemma Piella ◽  
Maja Cikes ◽  
Miguel Ángel González-Ballester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Cardiovascular Imaging ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Four Levels

The use of machine learning (ML) approaches to target clinical problems is called to revolutionize clinical decision-making in cardiology. The success of these tools is dependent on the understanding of the intrinsic processes being used during the conventional pathway by which clinicians make decisions. In a parallelism with this pathway, ML can have an impact at four levels: for data acquisition, predominantly by extracting standardized, high-quality information with the smallest possible learning curve; for feature extraction, by discharging healthcare practitioners from performing tedious measurements on raw data; for interpretation, by digesting complex, heterogeneous data in order to augment the understanding of the patient status; and for decision support, by leveraging the previous steps to predict clinical outcomes, response to treatment or to recommend a specific intervention. This paper discusses the state-of-the-art, as well as the current clinical status and challenges associated with the two later tasks of interpretation and decision support, together with the challenges related to the learning process, the auditability/traceability, the system infrastructure and the integration within clinical processes in cardiovascular imaging.

scholarly journals Machine Learning for Clinical Decision-Making: Challenges and Opportunities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Sanchez-Martinez ◽  
Oscar Camara ◽  
Gemma Piella ◽  
Maja Cikes ◽  
Miguel Angel Gonzalez Ballester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Classical Pathway ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Four Levels

The use of machine learning (ML) approaches to target clinical problems is called to revolutionize clinical decision-making. The success of these tools is subjected to the understanding of the intrinsic processes being used during the classical pathway by which clinicians make decisions. In a parallelism with this pathway, ML can have an impact at four levels: for data acquisition, predominantly by extracting standardized, high-quality information with the smallest possible learning curve; for feature extraction, by discharging healthcare practitioners from performing tedious measurements on raw data; for interpretation, by digesting complex, heterogeneous data in order to augment the understanding of the patient status; and for decision support, by leveraging the previous step to predict clinical outcomes, response to treatment or to recommend a specific intervention. This paper discusses the state-of-the-art, as well as the current clinical status and challenges associated with each of these tasks, together with the challenges related to the learning process, the auditability/traceability, the system infrastructure and the integration within clinical processes.

scholarly journals Clinician Preimplementation Perspectives of a Decision-Support Tool for the Prediction of Cardiac Arrhythmia Based on Machine Learning: Near-Live Feasibility and Qualitative Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stina Matthiesen ◽  
Søren Zöga Diederichsen ◽  
Mikkel Klitzing Hartmann Hansen ◽  
Christina Villumsen ◽  
Mats Christian Højbjerg Lassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Real World ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Prediction Tool

BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence (AI), such as machine learning (ML), shows great promise for improving clinical decision-making in cardiac diseases by outperforming statistical-based models. However, few AI-based tools have been implemented in cardiology clinics because of the sociotechnical challenges during transitioning from algorithm development to real-world implementation. OBJECTIVE This study explored how an ML-based tool for predicting ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) could support clinical decision-making in the remote monitoring of patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). METHODS Seven experienced electrophysiologists participated in a near-live feasibility and qualitative study, which included walkthroughs of 5 blinded retrospective patient cases, use of the prediction tool, and questionnaires and interview questions. All sessions were video recorded, and sessions evaluating the prediction tool were transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed through an inductive qualitative approach based on grounded theory. RESULTS The prediction tool was found to have potential for supporting decision-making in ICD remote monitoring by providing reassurance, increasing confidence, acting as a second opinion, reducing information search time, and enabling delegation of decisions to nurses and technicians. However, the prediction tool did not lead to changes in clinical action and was found less useful in cases where the quality of data was poor or when VT/VF predictions were found to be irrelevant for evaluating the patient. CONCLUSIONS When transitioning from AI development to testing its feasibility for clinical implementation, we need to consider the following: expectations must be aligned with the intended use of AI; trust in the prediction tool is likely to emerge from real-world use; and AI accuracy is relational and dependent on available information and local workflows. Addressing the sociotechnical gap between the development and implementation of clinical decision-support tools based on ML in cardiac care is essential for succeeding with adoption. It is suggested to include clinical end-users, clinical contexts, and workflows throughout the overall iterative approach to design, development, and implementation.

Machine learning in clinical decision making

Med ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenz Adlung ◽  
Yotam Cohen ◽  
Uria Mor ◽  
Eran Elinav
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision

Mental Health Clinical Decision Support Exploiting Big Data

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Kalina
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision Support ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision

The complexity of clinical decision-making is immensely increasing with the advent of big data with a clinical relevance. Clinical decision systems represent useful e-health tools applicable to various tasks within the clinical decision-making process. This chapter is devoted to basic principles of clinical decision support systems and their benefits for healthcare and patient safety. Big data is crucial input for clinical decision support systems and is helpful in the task to find the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Statistical challenges of analyzing big data in psychiatry are overviewed, with a particular interest for psychiatry. Various barriers preventing telemedicine tools from expanding to the field of mental health are discussed. The development of decision support systems is claimed here to play a key role in the development of information-based medicine, particularly in psychiatry. Information technology will be ultimately able to combine various information sources including big data to present and enforce a holistic information-based approach to psychiatric care.

Clinical Decision Making by Emergency Room Physicians and Residents

2008 ◽  
pp. 217-223
Author(s):  
Ken J. Farion ◽  
Michael J. Hine ◽  
Wojtek Michalowski ◽  
Szymon Wilk
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
Complex Process

Clinical decision-making is a complex process that is reliant on accurate and timely information. Clinicians are dependent (or should be dependent) on massive amounts of information and knowledge to make decisions that are in the best interest of the patient. Increasingly, information technology (IT) solutions are being used as a knowledge transfer mechanism to ensure that clinicians have access to appropriate knowledge sources to support and facilitate medical decision making. One particular class of IT that the medical community is showing increased interest in is clinical decision support systems (CDSSs).

An Assessment of Federated Machine Learning for Translational Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-142
Author(s):  
Manoj A. Thomas ◽  
Diya Suzanne Abraham ◽  
Dapeng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Clinical Decision Support ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Intermediate Data ◽  
Translational Informatics ◽  
Data Analytic

Translational research (TR) is the harnessing of knowledge from basic science and clinical research to advance healthcare. As a sister discipline, translational informatics (TI) concerns the application of informatics theories, methods, and frameworks to TR. This chapter builds upon TR concepts and aims to advance the use of machine learning (ML) and data analytics for improving clinical decision support. A federated machine learning (FML) architecture is described to aggregate multiple ML endpoints, and intermediate data analytic processes and products to output high quality knowledge discovery and decision making. The proposed architecture is evaluated for its operational performance based on three propositions, and a case for clinical decision support in the prediction of adult Sepsis is presented. The chapter illustrates contributions to the advancement of FML and TI.

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Decision Support Systems and a Classification Framework

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-186
Author(s):  
Steven Walczak
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision Support ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Classification Framework

Clinical decision support systems are meant to improve the quality of decision-making in healthcare. Artificial intelligence is the science of creating intelligent systems that solve complex problems at the level of or better than human experts. Combining artificial intelligence methods into clinical decision support will enable the utilization of large quantities of data to produce relevant decision-making information to practitioners. This article examines various artificial intelligence methodologies and shows how they may be incorporated into clinical decision-making systems. A framework for describing artificial intelligence applications in clinical decision support systems is presented.

scholarly journals Machine learning to assist clinical decision-making during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubham Debnath ◽  
◽  
Douglas P. Barnaby ◽  
Kevin Coppa ◽  
Alexander Makhnevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision
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