scholarly journals Circulating Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Levels and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Shi ◽  
Xiaoyong Li ◽  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Yixin Niu ◽  
Ning Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Low Hdl

Aims: To evaluate the prospective association of circulating PCSK9 levels with the cardiometabolic risk profiles (high LDL-cholesterol, high triglycerides, low HDL-cholesterol, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome).Methods: A population-based prospective study was conducted among 7,104 Chinese individuals (age 56.2 ± 7.5 years; 32.0% men). Circulating PCSK9 levels were measured using ELISA.Results: Circulating PCSK9 levels were higher in women than men (286.7 ± 90.1 vs. 276.1 ± 86.4 ng/ml, p < 0.001). And circulating PCSK9 was positively correlated with LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglycerides both in men and women (all p < 0.001). The positive correlation between PCSK9 and waist circumference, fasting glucose, insulin resistance, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and C-reactive protein (all p < 0.01) was observed in women only. According to Cox regression analysis, circulating PCSK9 was positively associated with incidence of high LDL-cholesterol both in men (HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.09–1.65, p < 0.001) and women (HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.12–1.69, p < 0.001). Moreover, PCSK9 was significantly associated with incident high triglycerides (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.13–1.72, p < 0.001), hypertension (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.08–1.53, p = 0.011), type 2 diabetes (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.09–1.76, p = 0.005), and metabolic syndrome (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.11–1.65, p = 0.009) per SD change in women only. No statistically significant association was observed between circulating PCSK9 and incidence of low HDL-cholesterol (p > 0.1).Conclusions: Elevated circulating PCSK9 was significantly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and independently contributed to the prediction of cardiometabolic risks in women.

scholarly journals Adverse differences in cardiometabolic risk factor levels between individuals with pre-diabetes and normal glucose metabolism are more pronounced in women than in men: the Maastricht Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rianneke de Ritter ◽  
Simone J S Sep ◽  
Carla J H van der Kallen ◽  
Miranda T Schram ◽  
Annemarie Koster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure Difference

ObjectiveTo investigate whether adverse differences in levels of cardiovascular risk factors in women than men, already established when comparing individuals with and without diabetes, are also present before type 2 diabetes onset.Research design and methodsIn a population-based cohort study of individuals aged 40-75 years (n=3410; 49% women, 29% type 2 diabetes (oversampled by design)), we estimated associations with cardiometabolic and lifestyle risk factors of (1) pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes (reference category: normal glucose metabolism) and (2) among non-diabetic individuals, of continuous levels of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Age-adjusted sex differences were analyzed using linear and logistic regression models with sex interaction terms.ResultsIn pre-diabetes, adverse differences in cardiometabolic risk factors were greater in women than men for systolic blood pressure (difference, 3.02 mm Hg; 95% CI:−0.26 to 6.30), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (difference, −0.10 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.18 to −0.02), total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (difference, 0.22; 95% CI: −0.01 to 0.44), triglycerides (ratio: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.22), and inflammation markers Z-score (ratio: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.41). In type 2 diabetes, these sex differences were similar in direction, and of greater magnitude. Additionally, HbA1c among non-diabetic individuals was more strongly associated with several cardiometabolic risk factors in women than men: per one per cent point increase, systolic blood pressure (difference, 3.58 mm Hg; 95% CI: −0.03 to 7.19), diastolic blood pressure (difference, 2.10 mm Hg; 95% CI: −0.02 to 4.23), HDL cholesterol (difference, −0.09 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.19 to 0.00), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (difference, 0.26 mmol/L; 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.47). With regard to lifestyle risk factors, no consistent pattern was observed.ConclusionOur results are consistent with the concept that the more adverse changes in cardiometabolic risk factors in women (than men) arise as a continuous process before the onset of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Early vascular aging risk assessment in patients with metabolic syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Salasyuk ◽  
S Nedogoda ◽  
I Barykina ◽  
V Lutova ◽  
E Popova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vascular Aging ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Vascular Age

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and abdominal obesity are one of the most common CVD risk factors among young and mature patients. However, the currently used CVD risk assessment scales may underestimate the CV risk in people with obesity and MS. Early vascular aging rather than chronological aging can conceptually offer better risk prediction. MetS, as accumulation of classical risk factors, leads to acceleration of early vascular aging. Since an important feature of MetS is its reversibility, an adequate risk assessment and early start of therapy is important in relation to the possibilities of preventing related complications. Purpose To derive a new score for calculation vascular age and predicting EVA in patients with MetS. Methods Prospective open cohort study using routinely collected data from general practice. The derivation cohort consisted of 1000 patients, aged 35–80 years with MetS (IDF,2005 criteria). The validation cohort consisted of 484 patients with MetS and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) values exceeding expected for average age values by 2 or more SD (EVA syndrome). Results In univariate analysis, EVA was significantly correlated with the presence of type 2 diabetes and clinical markers of insulin resistance (IR), body mass index (BMI), metabolic syndrome severity score (MetS z-score), uric acid (UA) level, hsCRP, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), heart rate (HR), central aortic blood pressure (CBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Multiple logistic regression shown, that presence of type 2 diabetes and IR were associated with greater risk of EVA; the odds ratios were 2.75 (95% CI: 2.34, 3.35) and 1.57 (95% CI: 1.16, 2.00), respectively. In addition, the risk of having EVA increased by 76% with an increase in HOMA-IR by 1 unit, by 17% with an increase in hsCRP by 1 mg/l, by 4% with an increase in DBP by 1 mm Hg, and by 1% with each 1 μmol / L increase in the level of UA. The area under the curve for predicting EVA in patients with MetS was 0,949 (95% CI 0,936 to 0,963), 0,630 (95% CI 0,589 to 0,671), 0,697 (95% CI 0,659 to 0,736) and 0,686 (95% CI 0,647 to 0,726), for vascular age, calculated from cfPWV, SCORE scale, QRISK-3 scale and Framingham scale, respectively. Diabetes mellitus and clinical markers of IR (yes/no), HOMA-IR and UA level were used to develop a new VAmets score for EVA prediction providing a total accuracy of 0.830 (95% CI 0,799 to 0,860). Conclusion cfPWV at present the most widely studied index of arterial stiffness, fulfills most of the stringent criteria for a clinically useful biomarker of EVA in patients with MetS. Although, parallel efforts for effective integration simple clinical score into clinical practice have been offered. Our score (VAmets) may accurately identify patients with MetS and EVA on the basis of widely available clinical variables and classic cardiovascular risk factors can prioritize using of vascular age in routine care. ROC-curves for predicting EVA in MetS Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals The Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome and Its Risk Factors in a Middle-Aged Swedish Population — Mainly a Function of Overweight?

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunilla Hollman ◽  
Margareta Kristenson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Background: The prevalence of obesity, one risk factor for developing the metabolic syndrome (MS), has increased during the last decades. It has therefore been assumed that the prevalence of MS would also increase. Aims: The aim was to analyse the prevalence of MS and its risk factors in a middle-aged Swedish population. Methods: Data were obtained between 2003 and 2004 from a random population based sample of 502 men and 505 women, 45–69 years old. Measures of plasma glucose, serum lipids, blood pressure, weight, height, waist circumference and self-reported data concerning presence of disease, medication and lifestyle were obtained. Results: The prevalence of MS was 14.8% among men and 15.3% among women, with an increase by age among women only, 10% to 25% ( p = 0.029). Among individuals with MS the most frequent risk factor was large waist circumference, present in 85% of men and 99% of women, followed by high blood pressure, high triglycerides, high glucose and HDL cholesterol (38% and 47% respectively). Conclusion: The prevalence of MS was 15%, increasing with age only among women. Overweight was a dominant characteristic, and only half of the individuals with MS had glucose/HDL cholesterol levels beyond defined cut points of the syndrome.

scholarly journals Association between Osteocalcin, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Role of Total and Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assim A. Alfadda ◽  
Afshan Masood ◽  
Shaffi Ahamed Shaik ◽  
Hafedh Dekhil ◽  
Michael Goran
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
First Time

Studies have demonstrated that total osteocalcin (TOC) is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and therefore might influence the risk of cardiovascular disease in humans. Undercarboxylated osteocalcin (uOC) regulates insulin secretion and sensitivity in mice, but its relation to MetS in humans is unclear. We aimed to determine whether uOC is related to MetS and/or its individual components and other cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and whether TOC and uOC have utility in predicting the cardiovascular risk. We studied 203 T2DM patients with and without MetS. MetS was defined based on the NCEP-ATP III criteria. A correlation analysis was performed between the three outcome variables: (i) TOC, (ii) uOC, and (iii) carboxylated osteocalcin (cOC) and MetS components and other cardiovascular risk factors. Both TOC and uOC were significantly lower in patients with MetS compared to those without MetS, independent of body mass index. In patients with MetS, uOC was significantly and positively correlated with HDL cholesterol, while TOC was significantly and negatively correlated with serum triglycerides. We report for the first time that uOC is related to lipid indices in patients with T2DM. Further studies are necessary to determine whether uOC can be utilized for cardiovascular risk assessments in these patients.

Evaluation of Biochemical and Clinical Parameters of Hypertension with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2402-2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Nicola ◽  
Elena Ardeleanu ◽  
Carmen Gadau ◽  
Maria Dorobantu ◽  
Roxana Darabont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Office Blood Pressure

The aim of this study was to assess the basic biochemical and clinical characteristics of patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), office blood pressure (BP) and 24-h BP profile, their risk factors and associated comorbidities. Compared with non-diabetics, hypertensive patients with T2DM were older, with a longer duration of hypertension (5.9 vs. 4.7 years), greater office blood pressure and ambulatory BP values, increased incidence of multiple risk factors, target organ damage and cardiovascular disease. Biochemical data in hypertension with T2DM revealed significantly high levels of LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, micro- and macro-albuminuria and a reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate. The presence of diabetes was associated with obesity, represented by a BMI ]30 kg/m2 (OR 2.08 [95% CI 1.26-3.45], p = 0.004), abdominal obesity (OR 1.85 [95% CI 1.11-3.04], p = 0.016), high LDL cholesterol (OR 2.02 [95% CI 1.22-3.35], p = 0.006) and high triglycerides (OR 1.86 [95% CI 1.11-3.11], p = 0.017).

scholarly journals Effect of increased calcium consumption from fat-free milk in an energy-restricted diet on the metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomised cross-over clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junia M. G. Gomes ◽  
Jorge d. A. Costa ◽  
Rita C. G. Alfenas
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

AbstractWe investigated the effects of high-Ca fat-free milk phase (MD) (prescription of approximately 1500 mg of Ca/d) v. low-Ca phase (CD) (prescription of approximately 800 mg of Ca/d) in an energy-restricted diet on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiometabolic measures in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and low habitual Ca consumption (<600 mg/d). In this randomised cross-over design, fourteen adults with T2DM (49·5 (sd 8·6) years, BMI 29·4 (sd 4·5) kg/m2) consumed either MD or CD for 12 weeks, with a washout of 18 weeks between phases. A breakfast shake containing 700 mg (MD) or 6·4 mg (CD) of Ca was consumed in the laboratory. In addition, energy-restricted diets were prescribed (800 mg of dietary Ca/d). Waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose, fasting TAG, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting total cholesterol, fasting LDL-cholesterol, fasting HDL-cholesterol, HDL:LDL ratio, HDL:TAG ratio and lipid accumulation product (LAP) index were assessed at baseline and after each phase. Ca consumption during the study was equivalent to 1200 mg/d during MD and 525 mg/d during CD. There was a greater reduction in WC, SBP, DBP and LAP index after MD compared with CD. HDL:LDL ratio increased and total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, SBP, DBP and LAP index decreased only in MD. The consumption of approximately 1200 mg of Ca/d (700 mg from fat-free milk+500mg from other dietary sources) associated with an energy-restricted diet decreased some of the MetS components and cardiometabolic measures in adults with T2DM.

scholarly journals Serum Progranulin Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Shafaei ◽  
Abdoljalal Marjani ◽  
Masoud Khoshnia
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract Introduction. The role of progranulin in individuals with metabolic syndrome is not exactly clear.We aimed to assess the serum level of progranulin in type 2 diabetic patients with and without metabolic syndrome and compare them with healthy controls. Methods. The study included 60 patients with type 2 diabetes and 30 healthy individuals as control groups. Biochemical parameters and progranulin levels were determined. Results. Subjects with metabolic syndrome showed significantly higher levels of triglyceride, waist circumference, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure than subjects without metabolic syndrome and the control groups, while HDL-cholesterol level was significantly lower in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Fasting blood sugar was significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients than in the control groups. Serum level of progranulin was slightly increased in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Serum progranulin level had no significant relationship with metabolic syndrome components. Conclusions. Serum progranulin was also not dependent on cardiometabolic risk factors for subjects with metabolic syndrome, but it could be considered for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further studies are recommended to explain the effect of progranulin on the pathogenesis of metabolic risk factors.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Diabetic Maculopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Study From Central Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Nilam Munakarmi ◽  
Amrit Pokharel ◽  
Om Krishna Malla ◽  
Chhabindra Lal Pradhananga
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Diabetic Maculopathy ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

INTRODUCTION: Diabetic maculopathy is a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was done to assess the prevalence and risk factors of Diabetic maculopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus in Nepalese patients presenting to our hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A hospital-based, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of ophthalmology, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital (KMCTH), Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal from August, 2012 to October, 2014. 200 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus underwent a detailed interview and a comprehensive dilated ocular evaluation by an ophthalmologist. Diabetic maculopathy was defined according to the international classification and grading system.  RESULTS: 200 patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus included 90 men (45%) and 110 women (55%) of age ranging from 23 80 years (mean age = 56.23, median age = 57.5 and SD = 10.83). Diabetic maculopathy was detected in 22 patients (11%). The disease duration of 6 to 15 years had the highest prevalence of Diabetic maculopathy. Significant risk factors for diabetic maculopathy were higher levels of HbA1c (p = 0.005), higher values of blood pressure (p = 0.001), higher cholesterol levels (p = 0.000), higher LDL-cholesterol levels (p = 0.000), higher triglyceride levels (p = 0.000), higher creatinine values (p = 0.000), higher urea values (p = 0.000), higher FBS levels (p = 0.020), higher PPBS levels (p = 0.001) and lower hemoglobin values (p = 0.000). CONCLUSION: Significant risk factors for diabetic maculopathy were higher levels of HbA1c, higher values of blood pressure, higher cholesterol levels, higher LDL-cholesterol levels, higher triglyceride levels, higher creatinine values, higher urea values, higher FBS levels, higher PPBS levels and lower hemoglobin values. However, smoking, drinking alcohol, dietary habits, HDL and BMI contributed as insignificant risk factors.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2016) Vol.04 No.01 Issue 13, Page: 16-21

scholarly journals Waist:height ratio, waist circumference and metabolic syndrome abnormalities in Colombian schooled adolescents: a multivariate analysis considering located adiposity

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 700-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Antonio Agredo-Zúñiga ◽  
Cecilia Aguilar-de Plata ◽  
Milton Fabian Suárez-Ortegón
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
High Fasting Glucose

Very few large studies in Latin America have evaluated the association between waist:height ratio (W-HtR) and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents. Further, multivariable analyses verifying the independence of located subcutaneous fat have not been conducted so far. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of W-HtR and waist circumference (WC) with metabolic syndrome abnormalities and high LDL-cholesterol levels in schooled adolescents before and after adjusting for trunk skinfolds and BMI. The sample consisted of 831 boys and 841 girls aged 10–17 years. Biochemical, blood pressure and anthropometrical variables were measured. Age- and sex-specific quartiles of W-HtR and WC were used in Poisson regression models to evaluate the associations. High WC values (highest quartilev. quartiles 1–3) were associated with high TAG levels in both sexes (prevalence ratio, boys: 2·57 (95 % CI 1·91, 3·44); girls: 1·92 (95 % CI 1·49, 2·47);P<0·05), and with high blood pressure specifically in female adolescents (3·07 (95 % CI 1·58, 5·98);P<0·05), independently of trunk skinfolds or BMI (P<0·05). Associations of high WC with high fasting glucose (boys), low HDL-cholesterol and having at least two abnormalities did not remain significant in most of the adjustments for trunk skinfolds or BMI (P>0·05). High W-HtR (highest quartilev. quartiles 1–3) was only independently associated with high TAG in female adolescents (1·99 (95 % CI 1·55, 2·56);P<0·05). In conclusion, WC showed better association with cardiometabolic risk than W-HtR in the children of this study. This observation does not support W-HtR as a relevant adiposity marker for cardiovascular and metabolic risk in adolescence.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document