scholarly journals The Association Between Monocyte Subsets and Cardiometabolic Disorders/Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester S. Oh ◽  
Muzi Na ◽  
Connie J. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Monocyte Subset ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Monocyte Subsets ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders

Background: Monocyte subsets in humans, i.e., classical (CM), intermediate (IM), and non-classical monocytes (NCM), are thought to differentially contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, the leading cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the association between monocyte subsets and cardiometabolic disorders and CVD is not well-understood. Thus, the aim of the current systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate recent findings from clinical studies that examined the association between the distribution of monocyte subsets in subjects with cardiometabolic disorders and CVD compared to healthy controls.Methods: Articles were systematically searched in CINAHL, PubMed and Cochrane Library. Articles were independently screened and selected by two reviewers. Studies that reported the percentage of each monocyte subset were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. For the meta-analysis, a random-effects model was used to generate pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) between subjects with cardiometabolic disorders and healthy controls.Results: A total of 1,693 articles were screened and 27 studies were selected for qualitative analyses. Among them, six studies were included in the meta-analysis. In total, sample size ranged from 22 to 135 and mean or median age from 22 to 70 years old. We found studies that reported higher percentage and number of IM and/or NCM in subjects with cardiometabolic disorders (9 out of 13 studies) and in subjects with CVD (11 out of 15 studies) compared to healthy controls. In the meta-analysis, the percentage of CM was lower [SMD = −1.21; 95% CI (−1.92, −0.50); P = 0.0009; I2 = 91%] and the percentage of IM [SMD = 0.56; 95% CI (0.23, 0.88); P = 0.0008; I2 = 65%] and NCM [SMD = 1.39; 95% CI (0.59, 2.19); P = 0.0007; I2 = 93%] were higher in subjects with cardiometabolic disorders compared to healthy controls.Conclusions: Individuals with cardiometabolic disorders and CVD may have a higher percentage of IM and NCM than healthy controls. Future studies are needed to evaluate the cause and biological significance of this potential altered distribution of monocyte subsets.

Abstract 13608: The Association Between Cardiometabolic Disorders/Cardiovascular Disease and the Distribution of Monocyte Subsets: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Oh ◽  
Muzi Na ◽  
Connie Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Monocyte Subset ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Monocyte Subsets ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Classical Monocytes

Introduction: Monocytes play a crucial role in the pathology of atherosclerosis, a major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Previous studies in preclinical models report that monocyte subsets (i.e. classical, intermediate and non-classical monocytes) may differently contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, changes in the distribution and the role of each monocyte subset in cardiometabolic disorders (overweight/obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypercholesterolemia, and type 2 diabetes) and CVD in humans is less clear. Therefore, the aim of the current systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between the monocyte subset distribution and cardiometabolic disorders/CVD in humans. Methods: Articles were systematically searched in CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PubMed until April 2020. A total of 1592 articles were independently screened by 2 reviewers. A total of 25 studies were selected for qualitative analyses. Among them, 6 studies reported the percentage of each monocyte subset and were included in the meta-analyses. For the meta-analyses, a random-effects model was used to generate pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) between subjects with cardiometabolic disorders and healthy controls. Results: In total, sample size ranged from 22 to 135, and mean age of subjects ranged from 22 to 70 years. The percentage of classical monocytes was lower [SMD = -1.21; 95% CI (-1.92, -0.50); P < 0.001; I 2 = 91%] in subjects with cardiometabolic disorders compared to healthy controls. However, the percentage of intermediate [SMD = 0.56; 95% CI (0.23, 0.88); P < 0.001; I 2 = 65%] and non-classical monocytes [SMD = 1.39; 95% CI (0.59, 2.19); P < 0.001; I 2 = 93%] was higher in subjects with cardiometabolic disorders compared to healthy controls. Conclusions: There may be a shift in the distribution of monocytes from classical to intermediate and non-classical monocytes in individuals with cardiometabolic disorders. This shift may be an underlying cause of chronic low-grade inflammation, exacerbate atherosclerotic risk, and contribute to the development of CVD based on preclinical studies. However, additional mechanistic studies are needed in humans to evaluate this question.

Decreased Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Angiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 000331972110100
Author(s):  
Lei Cao ◽  
Miao Hou ◽  
Wanping Zhou ◽  
Ling Sun ◽  
Jie Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a strong risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) is an early noninvasive marker of endothelial function and it predicts future cardiovascular disease. However, the changes in FMD among T1DM children are still controversial. The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether FMD is impaired in children with T1DM. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and Web of Science were searched for studies comparing FMD in children with T1DM and healthy controls. The Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale for case–control studies was used to assess study quality. Data were pooled using a random effects models to obtain the weighted mean differences (WMD) in FMD and 95% CIs. Overall, 19 studies with 1245 patients and 872 healthy controls were included in this meta-analysis. Children with T1DM had significantly lower FMDs compared with healthy controls (WMD: −2.58; 95% CI: −3.36 to −1.81; P < .001). Meta-regression analysis revealed that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels impacted the observed difference in FMD between T1DM and healthy children. This meta-analysis showed that T1DM children have impaired endothelial function, which indicates they are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease in later life.

Executive functions in children with heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
William M. Jackson ◽  
Nicholas Davis ◽  
Johanna Calderon ◽  
Jennifer J. Lee ◽  
Nicole Feirsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Planning Problem ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Context: People with CHD are at increased risk for executive functioning deficits. Meta-analyses of these measures in CHD patients compared to healthy controls have not been reported. Objective: To examine differences in executive functions in individuals with CHD compared to healthy controls. Data sources: We performed a systematic review of publications from 1 January, 1986 to 15 June, 2020 indexed in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Study selection: Inclusion criteria were (1) studies containing at least one executive function measure; (2) participants were over the age of three. Data extraction: Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two authors. We used a shifting unit-of-analysis approach and pooled data using a random effects model. Results: The search yielded 61,217 results. Twenty-eight studies met criteria. A total of 7789 people with CHD were compared with 8187 healthy controls. We found the following standardised mean differences: −0.628 (−0.726, −0.531) for cognitive flexibility and set shifting, −0.469 (−0.606, −0.333) for inhibition, −0.369 (−0.466, −0.273) for working memory, −0.334 (−0.546, −0.121) for planning/problem solving, −0.361 (−0.576, −0.147) for summary measures, and −0.444 (−0.614, −0.274) for reporter-based measures (p < 0.001). Limitations: Our analysis consisted of cross-sectional and observational studies. We could not quantify the effect of collinearity. Conclusions: Individuals with CHD appear to have at least moderate deficits in executive functions. Given the growing population of people with CHD, more attention should be devoted to identifying executive dysfunction in this vulnerable group.

scholarly journals Serum Sclerostin Levels in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Shi ◽  
Haijian Ying ◽  
Juping Du ◽  
Bo Shen
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sclerostin Level

Objective. Current studies of serum sclerostin levels in AS and RA patients are inconsistent. This meta-analysis was performed to identify the association of serum sclerostin level with AS and RA patients. Methods. Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases (up to 25 January 2017) were used to collect all relevant published articles. Studies were pooled and standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. All data analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3. Results. Totally eight studies of AS including 420 AS patients and 317 healthy controls (HC) and three studies of RA including 145 RA patients and 127 HC were finally included in this meta-analysis. The results revealed that the serum sclerostin levels in both AS patients (SMD=-0.14; 95% CI=[-0.39,0.11]; P=0.28) and RA patients (SMD=-0.10; 95% CI=[-0.34,0.15]; P=0.43) were not significantly different from those in HC. Conclusion. The difference of serum sclerostin levels in AS and RA patients was not significantly different from HC, indicating that the sclerostin may not associate with the development of AS and RA.

Global prevalence of depression in HIV/AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2019-001952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepide Rezaei ◽  
Saba Ahmadi ◽  
Jeiran Rahmati ◽  
Hossein Hosseinifard ◽  
Afsaneh Dehnad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Global Prevalence ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Hiv Aids

IntroductionThe incidence of some fatal diseases, including HIV/AIDS, accompanied by depression has become a significant concern in developed, developing and underdeveloped countries. A great deal of time and money are spent on controlling and reducing the complications of this infection across the world. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to clarify the global prevalence rate of depression in patients living with HIV/AIDS via a systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodologyAll articles in English, published between 2000 and 2018, were systematically searched from the original databases of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and Embase. As a result, a total of 118 articles were identified.ResultsThe total sample size in these articles was 51143 people, and the number of patients suffering from moderate and severe levels of depression was 14 942. The results of the analysis based on the random-effects (DerSimonian and Laird) model revealed that the prevalence rate of depression in patients with HIV/AIDS was 31% (95% CI 28% to 34%), with a 98% heterogeneity index which was reported significant. Meanwhile, the highest prevalence rate of depression based on continent was in South America at 44% (95% CI 35% to 53%) and the lowest rate was in Europe at 22% (95% CI 17% to 27%).ConclusionIn general, there was a higher prevalence rate of depression in developing and underdeveloped countries than in developed countries, which could be attributed to the advancement of science and the possibilities for early diagnosis of this syndrome.Trial registration numberCRD42019119137.

scholarly journals Association of Plasma Thrombin-Antithrombin Complex and Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peipei Song ◽  
Jianqin Xie ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Xinying Zhang ◽  
Zhipeng Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardioembolic Stroke ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background and objectiveThrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) is a prethrombotic marker, and its application in ischemic stroke is still uncertain. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the relationship between plasma TAT and ischemic stroke base on the current evidence.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted for searching the relative studies that investigated the association of TAT and ischemic stroke in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases. Mean difference and 95% confidence interval as the effect sizes were synthesized by random effects model in Review Manager (RevMan) Version 5.4. Then, the heterogeneity was investigated using the Chi-square test and the possible sources of heterogeneity were explored by sensitivity analysis. The publication bias was estimated through Begg’s and Egger’s tests.ResultsA total of 12 eligible studies were included involving 1431 stroke cases and 532 healthy controls, of which six studies were eventually included in the meta-analysis. Plasma TAT in patients with ischemic stroke was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (MD 5.31, 95% CI =4.12-6.51, P<0.0001, I2=97.8 %). There is a difference of TAT level in the same period among cardioembolic, lacunar and atherothrombotic stroke (all P<0.0001), in which the cardioembolic stroke with the highest level. Meanwhile, it is significant of TAT levels among various phases of cardioembolic stroke and the acute phase are markedly elevated (MD 7.75, 95CI%, 6.07-9.43, P<0.001). However, no difference was found in the atherothrombotic (P=0.13) and lacunar stroke (P=0.34). Besides, the higher TAT level is closely related to the poor prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke, including higher recurrence, mortality, unfavorable recovery (modified Rankin scale >2), and poor revascularization.ConclusionsThis study suggested that plasma TAT levels are different in ischemic stroke subtypes, which are closely associated with the progression and might have an effect on the prognosis. PROSPERO CRD: 42021248787

scholarly journals Salivary cytokines as biomarkers of oral cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Martina Abatti Chiamulera ◽  
Caroline Biazzolo Zancan ◽  
Aline Pertile Remor ◽  
Marcos Freitas Cordeiro ◽  
Frederico Omar Gleber-Netto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Background Oral cancer (OC) is usually diagnosed at advanced clinical stages due to its asymptomatic nature and absence of pathognomonic signs in its early development phase. Delayed diagnosis is one of the major causes of OC treatment failure and poor prognosis. Development of alternative diagnostic approaches are imperative for improving early detection and therapeutic success rates. Salivary cytokines (SC) have been studied as potential diagnostic biomarkers for OC and may represent a potential tool for improvement of its early detection. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis we identified SC studied as OC biomarkers by systematically reviewing the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases using the terms: “oral cancer”, “cytokine”, and “saliva”, and also combined with “interleukin” or “interferon”. Only case-control studies that measured SC by ELISA from treatment naïve patients were included in the qualitative review. For the meta-analysis were included all comparable studies that provided enough data (sample size, mean and standard deviation or standard error of the mean) for SC levels in OC patients, non-cancer controls and patients with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), including leukoplakia. Comparisons with patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and gingivitis were included in the qualitative analysis. Results A total of 28 articles (from 2004 to 2018) were included in the systematic review, describing 10 different SC, being IL-8 and IL-6 the most studied ones. SC levels were consistently higher among OC patients when compared to healthy controls and to patients with OPMD, OLP and gingivitis. Meta-analysis including 23 eligible studies showed that IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 salivary levels were significantly higher in OC patients compared to controls; and that IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β salivary levels were also higher in OC patients compared to individuals with OPMD. When compared to healthy controls, OPMD patients showed significantly higher IL-6 and TNF-α salivary levels. Conclusions Our analyses showed that the salivary levels of some cytokines are consistently different among OC, OPMD and healthy patients, indicating that these SC may represent potential diagnostic biomarkers for OC and OPMD. Despite of that, SC levels were highly variable among studies, suggesting that further technical improvement and standardization for SC measurement by ELISA is needed in order to successfully translate these biomarkers to the clinical practice.

scholarly journals Abdominal obesity phenotypes outcomes: protocol for a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
soraya doustmohamdian ◽  
farhad hosseinpanah ◽  
marjan momeni
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Obesity Phenotype

Abstract Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide. Obesity is associated with severe health effects. Abdominal obesity has a strong association with metabolic dysfunction, diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), dyslipidemia, hypertension, and coronary artery events. Methods: We will search PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest (from inception onwards). Additional studies will be identified through manual searching of reference lists. Quantitative studies evaluating abdominal obesity phenotype outcomes in adults will be included. Primary results will be assaying abdominal obesity phenotype results, including DM2 incidence, cardiovascular disease risk, and all-cause mortality. Two reviewers will independently screen full-text articles and abstract data. Potential conflicts will be resolved through discussion. The study methodological quality (or bias) will be appraised using appropriate tools. If feasible, we will conduct a random-effects meta-analysis. The two researchers will also assess the quality of the articles independently based on CASP. Discussion: This systematic review will summarize evidence regarding the association between abdominal obesity phenotypes with DM2,cardiovascular disease and all cause mortality.The results of this review will provide a useful reference for the importance of abdominal obesity on metabolic dysfunction and mortality

scholarly journals Proinflammatory Cytokine Levels in Sepsis and in Health and TNFα Association with Sepsis Mortality and patient characteristics: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Gharamti ◽  
Omar Samara ◽  
Anthony Monzon ◽  
Gabrielle Montalbano ◽  
Sias Scherger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sepsis Severity ◽  
Sepsis Mortality ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Healthy Persons

Background: Sepsis is a global health problem associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Detrimental sepsis effects are attributed to a "cytokine storm." However, anti-cytokine therapies have failed to lower sepsis mortality. We aim to characterize levels of key cytokines in sepsis patients and healthy controls and relate TNFα levels to patient characteristics and outcomes. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science Core Collection databases were searched from 1985 to May 2020 for studies in English. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), controlled trials, cohort studies, case series, and cross-sectional studies that reported mean levels of cytokines in the circulation thought to be relevant for sepsis pathogenesis. We also evaluated concentrations of these cytokines in healthy persons. Quality in Prognosis Studies tool was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. We extracted summary data from published reports. Data analyses were performed using a random-effects model to estimate pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals for cytokine levels and mortality. This systematic review is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020179800). Findings: We identified 3654 records, and 104 studies were included with a total of 3250 participants. The pooled estimated mean TNFα concentration in sepsis patients was 58.4 pg/ml (95% Confidence Interval or CI 39.8-85.8 pg/ml) and 5.5 pg/ml (95% CI 3.8-8.0 pg/ml) in healthy controls. Pooled estimate means for IL-1β and IFNγ in sepsis patients were 21.8 pg/ml and 63.3 pg/ml, respectively. Elevated TNFα concentrations associated with increased 28-day sepsis mortality (p=0.001). In subgroup analyses, TNFα levels did not relate to sepsis source, sepsis severity, or sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score. Interpretation: TNFα concentration in sepsis is increased approximately 10-fold compared to healthy persons, and TNFα associated with sepsis mortality but not with sepsis severity. The concept that elevated cytokines cause sepsis should be revisited in the context of these data.

scholarly journals Is the Phenylalanine-Restricted Diet a Risk Factor for Overweight or Obesity in Patients with Phenylketonuria (PKU)? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3443
Author(s):  
Catarina Rodrigues ◽  
Alex Pinto ◽  
Ana Faria ◽  
Diana Teixeira ◽  
Annemiek M. J. van Wegberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional

Although there is a general assumption that a phenylalanine (Phe)-restricted diet promotes overweight in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU), it is unclear if this presumption is supported by scientific evidence. This systematic review aimed to determine if patients with PKU are at a higher risk of overweight compared to healthy individuals. A literature search was carried out on PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases. Risk of bias of individual studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies, and the quality of the evidence for each outcome was assessed using the NutriGrade scoring system. From 829 articles identified, 15 were included in the systematic review and 12 in the meta-analysis. Body mass index (BMI) was similar between patients with PKU and healthy controls, providing no evidence to support the idea that a Phe-restricted diet is a risk factor for the development of overweight. However, a subgroup of patients with classical PKU had a significantly higher BMI than healthy controls. Given the increasing prevalence of overweight in the general population, patients with PKU require lifelong follow-up, receiving personalised nutritional counselling, with methodical nutritional status monitoring from a multidisciplinary team in inherited metabolic disorders.

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