scholarly journals Genome Dynamics of Escherichia coli during Antibiotic Treatment: Transfer, Loss, and Persistence of Genetic Elements In situ of the Infant Gut

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Porse ◽  
Heidi Gumpert ◽  
Jessica Z. Kubicek-Sutherland ◽  
Nahid Karami ◽  
Ingegerd Adlerberth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
Genome Dynamics

scholarly journals 1671. Diagnosis and management of Escherichia coli bacteriuria at a Veterans Affairs hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S821-S821
Author(s):  
Niyati H Shah ◽  
Brooke K Decker ◽  
Brooke K Decker ◽  
Gaetan Sgro ◽  
Monique Y Boudreaux-Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Provider Education ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Physician Practices ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background The IDSA recommends against screening for and treating ASB in all patients except for those pregnant or undergoing urologic procedures. Nevertheless, antibiotic treatment of ASB is widespread. We conducted a retrospective analysis of physician practices in diagnosis and management of Escherichia coli (E. coli) ASB in a male Veteran population, and compared outcomes in ASB patients treated or not treated with antibiotics. Methods Patients with an E. coli positive urine culture during an ED visit or inpatient admission from 01/2017 to 12/2017 were screened. Patients admitted to the intensive care unit or diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, or epididymitis/orchitis were excluded. A total of 163 patients were included. Demographics, clinical comorbidities and severity of illness, and outcomes were compared in ASB patients managed with or without antibiotics. ANOVA and Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were utilized for comparing measurements. Results ASB was present in 92/163 patients. The majority (74%) of these patients were given antibiotics. Regardless of qSOFA score or alternate infection, there were no significant differences in outcomes between ASB patients treated or not treated with antibiotics: 3-month mortality (15% vs 21%; p = 0.53), emergence of newly resistant bacterial pathogens (7% vs 13%; p = 0.43), recurrent urinary tract infections (61% vs 50%; p = 0.72), clearance of urinary pathogens (75% vs 58%; p = 0.45), length of hospital stay (7 vs 6 days, p = 0.67). Factors that were predictive of physician treatment of ASB included patient comorbid conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, pyuria, and the absence of hematuria. The incidence of adverse events with antibiotic treatment of ASB was low. Conclusion The rate of antibiotic treatment of E. coli ASB in male veterans is high. Outcomes do not differ among ASB patients managed with or without antibiotics. Future studies examining outcomes in patients prescribed antibiotics for multiple episodes of ASB may yield differences, particularly in emergence of resistant pathogens. Focusing on patients with comorbid conditions who are not critically ill would be a high yield target for provider education to reduce ASB treatment. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Genomic evolution of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon ◽  
Markus Hans Kristofer Johansson ◽  
Patrick Munk ◽  
Burkhard Malorny ◽  
Magdalena Skarżyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Genetic Elements

AbstractThe emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the biggest health threats globally. In addition, the use of antimicrobial drugs in humans and livestock is considered an important driver of antimicrobial resistance. The commensal microbiota, and especially the intestinal microbiota, has been shown to have an important role in the emergence of AMR. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) also play a central role in facilitating the acquisition and spread of AMR genes. We isolated Escherichia coli (n = 627) from fecal samples in respectively 25 poultry, 28 swine, and 15 veal calf herds from 6 European countries to investigate the phylogeny of E. coli at country, animal host and farm levels. Furthermore, we examine the evolution of AMR in E. coli genomes including an association with virulence genes, plasmids and MGEs. We compared the abundance metrics retrieved from metagenomic sequencing and whole genome sequenced of E. coli isolates from the same fecal samples and farms. The E. coli isolates in this study indicated no clonality or clustering based on country of origin and genetic markers; AMR, and MGEs. Nonetheless, mobile genetic elements play a role in the acquisition of AMR and virulence genes. Additionally, an abundance of AMR was agreeable between metagenomic and whole genome sequencing analysis for several AMR classes in poultry fecal samples suggesting that metagenomics could be used as an indicator for surveillance of AMR in E. coli isolates and vice versa.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Escherichia coli Cell Response to Antibiotic Treatment by Use of Raman Spectroscopy with Laser Tweezers

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 4287-4290 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Moritz ◽  
C. R. Polage ◽  
D. S. Taylor ◽  
D. M. Krol ◽  
S. M. Lane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Coli Cell ◽  
Laser Tweezers

scholarly journals In situ delivery of biobutyrate by probiotic Escherichia coli for cancer therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Jen Chiang ◽  
Yan-Hong Hong
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Hypoxic Condition ◽  
Human Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Apoptosis Pathway ◽  
Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Human Colorectal Cancer Cell

AbstractButyrate has a bioactive function to reduce carcinogenesis. To achieve targeted cancer therapy, this study developed bacterial cancer therapy (BCT) with butyrate as a payload. By metabolic engineering, Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) was reprogrammed to synthesize butyrate (referred to as biobutyrate) and designated EcN-BUT. The adopted strategy includes construction of a synthetic pathway for biobutyrate and the rational design of central metabolism to increase the production of biobutyrate at the expense of acetate. With glucose, EcN-BUT produced primarily biobutyrate under the hypoxic condition. Furthermore, human colorectal cancer cell was administrated with the produced biobutyrate. It caused the cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and induced the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway independent of p53. In the tumor-bearing mice, the injected EcN-BUT exhibited tumor-specific colonization and significantly reduced the tumor volume by 70%. Overall, this study opens a new avenue for BCT based on biobutyrate.

scholarly journals To catch a hijacker: abundance, evolution and genetic diversity of P4-like bacteriophage satellites

2021 ◽  
Vol 377 (1842) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Moura de Sousa ◽  
Eduardo P. C. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Core Genome ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Abundance Distribution ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
The Core ◽  
Antagonistic Interactions ◽  
Variable Genes

Bacteriophages (phages) are bacterial parasites that can themselves be parasitized by phage satellites. The molecular mechanisms used by satellites to hijack phages are sometimes understood in great detail, but the origins, abundance, distribution and composition of these elements are poorly known. Here, we show that P4-like elements are present in more than 30% of the genomes of Enterobacterales, and in almost half of those of Escherichia coli , sometimes in multiple distinct copies. We identified over 1000 P4-like elements with very conserved genetic organization of the core genome and a few hotspots with highly variable genes. These elements are never found in plasmids and have very little homology to known phages, suggesting an independent evolutionary origin. Instead, they are scattered across chromosomes, possibly because their integrases are often exchanged with other elements. The rooted phylogenies of hijacking functions are correlated and suggest longstanding coevolution. They also reveal broad host ranges in P4-like elements, as almost identical elements can be found in distinct bacterial genera. Our results show that P4-like phage satellites constitute a very distinct, widespread and ancient family of mobile genetic elements. They pave the way for studying the molecular evolution of antagonistic interactions between phages and their satellites. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The secret lives of microbial mobile genetic elements’.

scholarly journals Efficient synthesis of ponasterone A by recombinant Escherichia coli harboring the glycosyltransferase GTBP1with in situ product removal

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (37) ◽  
pp. 23027-23029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingfeng Li ◽  
Xuejun He ◽  
Bo Fan ◽  
Jianlin Chu ◽  
Bingfang He
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Recombinant Escherichia Coli ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
In Situ Product Removal ◽  
Product Removal ◽  
Ponasterone A

A glycosyltransferase GTBP1fromBacillus pumilusBF1 was isolated.

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