scholarly journals Knockdown of FOXA2 Impairs Hair-Inductive Activity of Cultured Human Follicular Keratinocytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon-Sun Bak ◽  
Jung Min Park ◽  
Ji Won Oh ◽  
Jung Chul Kim ◽  
Moon Kyu Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductive Activity

Myogenesis in paraxial mesoderm: preferential induction by dorsal neural tube and by cells expressing Wnt-1

Development ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 121 (11) ◽  
pp. 3675-3686 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.M. Stern ◽  
A.M. Brown ◽  
S.D. Hauschka
Keyword(s):  
Neural Tube ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Paraxial Mesoderm ◽  
Myogenic Response ◽  
Dorsal Neural Tube ◽  
Ventral Neural Tube ◽  
Myogenic Induction ◽  
Inductive Activity

Previous studies have demonstrated that the neural tube/notochord complex is required for skeletal muscle development within somites. In order to explore the localization of myogenic inducing signals within the neural tube, dorsal or ventral neural tube halves were cultured in contact with single somites or pieces of segmental plate mesoderm. Somites and segmental plates cultured with the dorsal half of the neural tube exhibited 70% and 85% myogenic response rates, as determined by immunostaining for myosin heavy chain. This response was slightly lower than the 100% response to whole neural tube/notochord, but was much greater than the 30% and 10% myogenic response to ventral neural tube with and without notochord. These results demonstrate that the dorsal neural tube emits a potent myogenic inducing signal which accounts for most of the inductive activity of whole neural tube/notochord. However, a role for ventral neural tube/notochord in somite myogenic induction was clearly evident from the larger number of myogenic cells induced when both dorsal neural tube and ventral neural tube/notochord were present. To address the role of a specific dorsal neural tube factor in somite myogenic induction, we tested the ability of Wnt-1-expressing fibroblasts to promote paraxial mesoderm myogenesis in vitro. We found that cells expressing Wnt-1 induced a small number of somite and segmental plate cells to undergo myogenesis. This finding is consistent with the localized dorsal neural tube inductive activity described above, but since the ventral neural tube/notochord also possesses myogenic inductive capacity yet does not express Wnt-1, additional inductive factors are likely involved.

Introduction of the TERT and BMI1 genes into murine dermal papilla cells ameliorates hair inductive activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-221
Author(s):  
Masahiro Kiso ◽  
Shigeharu Yabe ◽  
Munenari Itoh ◽  
Hidemi Nakagawa ◽  
Hitoshi Okochi
Keyword(s):  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Inductive Activity

scholarly journals The potency of inducers of NAD(P)H:(quinone-acceptor) oxidoreductase parallels their efficiency as substrates for glutathione transferases. Structural and electronic correlations

1991 ◽  
Vol 273 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
S R Spencer ◽  
L A Xue ◽  
E M Klenz ◽  
P Talalay
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Quinone Reductase ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Glutathione Transferases ◽  
Methyl Cinnamate ◽  
Major Mechanism ◽  
Electronic Densities ◽  
Quinone Acceptor ◽  
Inductive Activity

Induction of glutathione transferases (EC. 2.5.1.18), NAD(P)H:(quinone-acceptor) oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.99.2; quinone reductase) and other detoxification enzymes is a major mechanism for protecting cells against the toxicities of electrophiles, including many carcinogens. Although inducers of these two enzymes belong to many different chemical classes, they nevertheless contain (or acquire by metabolism) electrophilic centres that appear to be essential for inclusive activity, and many inducers are Michael reaction acceptors [Talalay, De Long & Prochaska (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 85, 8261-8265]. The inducers therefore share structural and electronic features with glutathione transferase substrates. To define these features more precisely, we examined the inductive potencies (by measuring quinone reductase in murine hepatoma cells) of two types of glutathione transferase substrates: a series of 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzenes bearing para-oriented electron-donating or -withdrawing substituents and a wide variety of other commonly used and structurally unrelated glutathione transferase substrates. We conclude that virtually all glutathione transferase substrates are inducers, and their potencies in the nitrobenzene series correlate linearly with the Hammett sigma or sigma- values of the aromatic substituents, precisely as previously reported for their efficiencies as glutathione transferase substrates. More detailed information on the electronic requirements for inductive activity was obtained with a series of methyl trans-cinnamates bearing electron-withdrawing or -donating substituents on the aromatic ring, and in which the electronic densities at the olefinic and adjacent carbon atoms were measured by 13C n.m.r. Electron-withdrawing meta-substituents markedly enhance inductive potency in parallel with their increased non-enzymic reactivity with GSH. Thus, methyl 3-bromo-, 3-nitro- and 3-chloro-cinnamates are 21, 14 and 8 times more potent inducers than the parent methyl cinnamate. This finding permits the design of more potent inducers, which are important for elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of induction.

Metformin Promotes the Hair-Inductive Activity of Three-Dimensional Aggregates of Epidermal and Dermal Cells Self-Assembled In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Sun ◽  
Shuang-Hai Hu ◽  
Bing-Qi Dong ◽  
Shan Jiang ◽  
Fang Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Dermal Cells ◽  
Inductive Activity

Introduction: Although it has been reported that the anti-diabetic drug metformin has multiple extra-hypoglycemic activities, such as anti-oxidation, anti-aging and even anti-tumor, topical metformin also can induce hair regeneration, but the precise mechanism involved in that process is still unclear. Objectives: To assess the effect of metformin on hair growth in a mouse hair follicle reconstitution model generated by in vitro self-assembled three-dimensional aggregates of epidermal and dermal cells (3D aggregates). Methods: Epidermal cells and dermal cells were isolated and cultured from the mouse skin of fifty C57BL/6 mouse pups (1-day-old). For tracing the distribution of dermal cells during the self-assembly process of 3D aggregates, the dermal cells were labeled with Vybrant Dil cell-labelling solution and mixed with epidermal cells at 1:1 ratio. Formed 3D aggregates were treated with 10 mM metformin and then were grafted into recipient BALB/c nude mice. The biomarkers (HGF, CD133, ALP, β-catenin and SOX2) associated with the hair-inductive activity of dermal cells were detected in the grafted skin tissues and in cultured 3D aggregates treated with metformin using immunofluorescent staining, quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), and western blotting. Furthermore, the expression levels of CD133 were also examined in dermal cells with different passage numbers using qRT-PCR and western blotting. Results: Metformin directly stimulates the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) of cultured 3D aggregates, upregulates both the protein and mRNA expression levels of molecular markers (HGF, CD133, ALP, β-catenin and SOX2) and improves the survival rate of reconstituted hair follicles. Moreover, we also found that metformin increases the expression of CD133 in dermal cells thus maintaining their trichogenic capacity that would normally be lost by serial subculture. Conclusions: These results suggest that metformin can promote hair follicle regeneration in vitro through up-regulation of the hair inductive capability of dermal cells, warranting further evaluation in the clinical treatment of male or female pattern hair loss.

Inductive activity of recombinant human growth and differentiation factor-5

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 362 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. Spiro ◽  
L.-S. Liu ◽  
M.A. Heidaran ◽  
A.Y. Thompson ◽  
C.K. Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Growth ◽  
Differentiation Factor ◽  
Inductive Activity
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