scholarly journals Involvement of Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain-Like Receptor Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome in the Pathogenesis of Liver Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congjian Shi ◽  
Hongqin Yang ◽  
Zhenghong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Nucleotide Binding ◽  
Pyrin Domain ◽  
Receptor Family ◽  
Oligomerization Domain

scholarly journals The Complex Interplay between Autophagy and NLRP3 Inflammasome in Renal Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12766
Author(s):  
Yong Ding ◽  
Xiaodi Fu ◽  
Qimeng Wang ◽  
Huiyang Liu ◽  
Honggang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Nucleotide Binding ◽  
Eukaryotic Cell ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Pyrin Domain ◽  
The Family ◽  
Receptor Family ◽  
Oligomerization Domain

Autophagy is a highly conserved process of the eukaryotic cell cycle. It plays an important role in the survival and maintenance of cells by degrading organelles, proteins, and macromolecules in the cytoplasm and the circulation of degraded products. The dysfunction of autophagy can lead to the pathology of many human diseases. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome belongs to the family of nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs) and can induce caspase-1 activation, thus leading to the maturation and secretion of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and IL-18. It has been reported that the interplay between autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in many diseases, including renal diseases. In this review, the interplay between autophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome and the mechanisms in renal diseases are explored to provide ideas for relevant basic research in the future.

scholarly journals Upregulation of Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain-, LRR- and Pyrin Domain-Containing Protein 3 in Motoneurons Following Peripheral Nerve Injury in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernát Nógrádi ◽  
Ádám Nyúl-Tóth ◽  
Mihály Kozma ◽  
Kinga Molnár ◽  
Roland Patai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Nucleotide Binding ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Pyrin Domain ◽  
Basal Expression ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Treatment Paradigm ◽  
Oligomerization Domain

Neuronal injuries are accompanied by release and accumulation of damage-associated molecules, which in turn may contribute to activation of the immune system. Since a wide range of danger signals (including endogenous ones) are detected by the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) pattern recognition receptor, we hypothesized that NLRP3 may become activated in response to motor neuron injury. Here we show that peripheral injury of the oculomotor and the hypoglossal nerves results in upregulation of NLRP3 in corresponding motor nuclei in the brainstem of mice. Although basal expression of NLRP3 was observed in microglia, astroglia and neurons as well, its upregulation and co-localization with apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase activation and recruitment domain, suggesting inflammasome activation, was only detected in neurons. Consequently, increased production of active pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 were detected after hypoglossal nerve axotomy. Injury-sensitive hypoglossal neurons responded with a more pronounced NLRP3 upregulation than injury-resistant motor neurons of the oculomotor nucleus. We further demonstrated that the mitochondrial protector diazoxide was able to reduce NLRP3 upregulation in a post-operative treatment paradigm. Our results indicate that NLRP3 is activated in motoneurons following acute nerve injury. Blockade of NLRP3 activation might contribute to the previously observed anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of diazoxide.

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