scholarly journals Comparison of Neck Injury Criteria Values Across Human Body Models of Varying Complexity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale Johnson ◽  
Bharath Koya ◽  
F. Scott Gayzik
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Neck Injury ◽  
Injury Criteria ◽  
Human Body Models

Optimization of Underbody Blast Energy-Attenuating Seat Mechanisms Using Modified MADYMO Human Body Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Bosch ◽  
Ann Bailey ◽  
E. Meade Spratley ◽  
Robert S. Salzar ◽  
Paul Begeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Response Data ◽  
Blast Energy ◽  
Injury Criteria ◽  
Optimal Force ◽  
Spine Injuries ◽  
Human Body Models

Abstract Though energy attenuating (EA) seats for air and spacecraft applications have existed for decades, they have not yet been fully characterized for their energy attenuation capability or resulting effect on occupant protection in vertical underbody blast. EA seats utilize stroking mechanisms to absorb energy and reduce the vertical forces imparted on the occupant's pelvis and lower spine. Using dynamic rigid-body modeling, a tool to determine optimal force and deflection limits was developed to reduce pelvis and lower spine injuries in underbody blast events using a generic seat model. MAthematical DYnamic MOdels (MADYMO) and modeFRONTIER software were leveraged for this study. This optimizing tool may be shared with EA seat manufacturers and applied to military seat development efforts for EA mechanisms for a given occupant and designated blast severity. To optimally tune the EA seat response, the MADYMO Human Body Model (HBM) was first updated to improve its fidelity in kinematic response data for high rate vertical accelerative loading relative to experimental data from laboratory simulated underbody blast tests using post-mortem human surrogates (PMHS). Subsequently, using available injury criteria for underbody blast, the optimization tool demonstrated the ability to identify successful EA mechanism configurations to reduce forces and accelerations in the pelvis and lower spine HBM to presumed non-injurious levels. This tool could be tailored by varying input pulses, force and deflection limits, and occupant size to evaluate EA mechanism designs.

Unsupervised construction of human body models

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 68-84
Author(s):  
Thomas Walther ◽  
Rolf P. Würtz
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Human Body Models

Morphological Evolution of French Military Personnels

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (38) ◽  
pp. 744-747
Author(s):  
Régis Mollard ◽  
Pierre Yves Hennion ◽  
Alex Coblentz
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Morphological Transformation ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Morphological Modification ◽  
Human Body Models ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Military

The survey realized in 1992 on a military population allowed to collect anthropometric data on 688 males and 328 females. Among 73 measurements and 3 index, 26 of them have been retained for the comparison with previous surveys. Generally used for dimensioning human body models these data represent somatic measurements of reference, as weight and stature and segmentary measurements of trunk and limbs. A comparison with previous data, collected on a equivalent military population in 1973, confirms the modifications along the time are so significant that they can be considered as a phenomenon of morphological evolution. Likewise, the modification of the academic levels, average age and socio-cultural structures in the populations are combined to increase the anthropometric variability. It appears the military population presents a morphological modification with an overall increase in weight, stature and correlated dimensions. Otherwise, a light decrease of the cormic index indicates that the morphological transformation influences on the body proportions, with an increase more notable for the lower limbs compared to the trunk. The collected anthropometric information allow to update the Individual Database of ERGODATA from which ergonomie recommendations and statistical and morphological models of the human body can be proposed.

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