scholarly journals Evaluating Portfolio Policies: A Duality Approach

10.3386/w9861 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Haugh ◽  
Leonid Kogan ◽  
Jiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Duality Approach

scholarly journals Migrant enclaves: disempowering economic ghettos or sanctuaries of opportunities for migrants?

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-437
Author(s):  
Dieu Hack-Polay
Keyword(s):  
Community Support ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Community Networks ◽  
Ethnic Enclaves ◽  
Integration Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
Duality Approach ◽  
The One

Purpose This paper aims to examine the migrant dilemma about operating extensively in migrant enclaves vs integration in host communities. Design/methodology/approach The paper is a critical literature review contrasting views and perspectives of the role of migrant enclaves in migrant integration and contribution in new societies. Research in the area of ethnic enclaves has been polarised: on the one hand, the optimists argue the critical benefits of migrant and ethnic community networks, thus downplaying potential drawbacks of such networks and the disadvantage externally imposed on migrants; on the other hand, the pessimists overemphasise the disadvantages of ethnic enclaves, portraying them as ghettos of alienation. Findings Based on the social solidarity integration model and immigrant-host and social interaction theory, the paper posits that migrant community networks could intentionally or unintentionally engender cultural alienation, worsening an already precarious educational, cultural and economic exclusion. Thus, migrants could remain in lower societal roles and experience limited upward social mobility if they operate exclusively within migrant and ethnic networks. However, ethnic enclaves, at the same time, offer the initial psychological nurturing on which future successful socialisation work with migrant communities can be built. Research limitations/implications From a research angle, the theorisation of migrant enclave requires a new approach, which identifies dynamism and contextualisation as central to the debate. Practical implications From a policy perspective, the research suggests the rethinking of the role of community support systems (and the wider enclave debate). The organisational implications the research suggests a shift of the organisational paradigm in the way migrant organisations manage themselves and support members in the enclave. Originality/value This paper’s contribution is to take a duality approach to studying the ethnic enclave and posits that this will engender effective social policy that helps reduce economic inequality.

scholarly journals A Duality Approach to Queues with Service Restrictions and Storage Systems with State-Dependent Rates

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 612-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Perry ◽  
W. Stadje ◽  
S. Zacks
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Queueing Systems ◽  
Local Maxima ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
State Densities ◽  
Duality Approach ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Level Process

Based on pathwise duality constructions, several new results on truncated queues and storage systems of the G/M/1 type are derived by transforming the workload (content) processes into certain ‘dual’ M/G/1-type processes. We consider queueing systems in which (a) any service requirement that would increase the total workload beyond the capacity is truncated so as to keep the associated sojourn time below a certain constant, or (b) new arrivals do not enter the system if they have to wait more than one time unit in line. For these systems, we derive the steady-state distributions of the workload and the numbers of customers present in the systems as well as the distributions of the lengths of busy and idle periods. Moreover, we use the duality approach to study finite capacity storage systems with general state-dependent outflow rates. Here our duality leads to a Markovian finite storage system with state-dependent jump sizes whose content level process can be analyzed using level crossing techniques. We also derive a connection between the steady-state densities of the non-Markovian continuous-time content level process of the G/M/1 finite storage system with state-dependent outflow rule and the corresponding embedded sequence of peak points (local maxima).

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