scholarly journals The Role of the Family in Immigrants' Labor-Market Activity: Evidence from the United States

10.3386/w9051 ◽  
2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine Blau ◽  
Lawrence Kahn ◽  
Joan Moriarty ◽  
Andre Portela Souza
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Market Activity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Labor Market Activity

The Role of the Family in Immigrants' Labor-Market Activity: An Evaluation of Alternative Explanations: Comment

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 429-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frencine D Blau ◽  
Lawrence M Kahn ◽  
Joan Y Moriarty ◽  
Andre Portela Souza
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Market Activity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Labor Market Activity

scholarly journals Uniola paniculata (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Unioliinae), nuevo registro para la flora de la Península de Yucatán, México

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Alexis Tovar-Montalvo ◽  
Monserrat Medina-Acevedo ◽  
Miguel Angel García-Bielma ◽  
Jesús Jaime Guerra-Santos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Ecological Role ◽  
Uniola Paniculata ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sea Grass ◽  
The Caribbean

Resumen: Antecedentes y Objetivos: La avena de mar, Uniola paniculata, se distribuye en el Caribe, los Estados Unidos de América y México. El objetivo de este trabajo es reportar su presencia y registro en el estado de Campeche, México. Métodos: Se colectaron ejemplares de la familia Poaceae creciendo en una duna frontal al suroeste del estado de Campeche, específicamente en la Isla del Carmen. Las colectas fueron procesadas y herborizadas, para su conservación e identificación.Resultado clave: Con la identificación de ejemplares, y después de hacer una revisión de su distribución, se registra por primera vez la presencia de Uniola paniculata (Poaceae) en la Península de Yucatán, representando una contribución al conocimiento florístico de la región y a la flora de México.Conclusiones: Esta especie solo había sido reportada para la costa del Golfo de México, en los estados de Tamaulipas, Veracruz y Tabasco. Este registro adquiere relevancia por el papel ecológico de este pasto en las dunas costeras.Palabras clave: avena de mar, conocimiento florístico, dunas costeras, flora de Campeche.Abstract: Background and Aims: The oat sea grass, Uniola paniculata, is distributed in the Caribbean, the United States of America and Mexico. The aim of this work is to report its occurrence and record in the state of Campeche, Mexico.Methods: Individuals of the family Poaceae were collected growing in a coastal dune in the southwest of the state of Campeche, particularly on the Isla del Carmen. The collections were processed and herborized for their conservation and classification.Key results: With the individuals’ identification and after reviewing its distribution, this is the first report of the presence of Uniola paniculata (Poaceae) on the Yucatan Peninsula, representing a contribution to the floristic knowledge of the region and the flora of Mexico.Conclusions: This species had only been reported from the coast of the Gulf of Mexico in the states of Tamaulipas, Veracruz and Tabasco. This record is relevant because of the ecological role of this oat sea grass in the coastal dunes.Key words: Campeche flora, coast dunes, floristic knowledge, sea oat.

scholarly journals The Future Role of the Family Physician in the United States: A Rigorous Exercise in Definition

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Phillips ◽  
S. Brungardt ◽  
S. E. Lesko ◽  
N. Kittle ◽  
J. E. Marker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Family Physician ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Role ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Future

Development of the Medical Interpreting Profession in the US

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Holly M. Mikkelson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Us ◽  
Medical Interpreters ◽  
Medical Interpreting ◽  
Further Development

This chapter traces the development of the medical interpreting profession in the United States as a case study. It begins with the conception of interpreters as volunteer helpers or dual-role medical professionals who happened to have some knowledge of languages other than English. Then it examines the emergence of training programs for medical interpreters, incipient efforts to impose standards by means of certification tests, the role of government in providing language access in health care, and the beginning of a labor market for paid medical interpreters. The chapter concludes with a description of the current situation of professional medical interpreting in the United States, in terms of training, certification and the labor market, and makes recommendations for further development.

Informed Consent: Does It Take a Village? The Problem of Culture and Truth Telling

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK KUCZEWSKI ◽  
PATRICK J. McCRUDEN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Truth Telling ◽  
Political Tradition ◽  
The Family

Bioethicists have become very interested in the importance of social groups. This interest has spawned a growing literature on the role of the family and the place of culture in medical decisionmaking. These ethicists often argue that much of medical ethics suffers from the individualistic bias of the dominant culture and political tradition of the United States. As a result, the doctrine of informed consent has come under some scrutiny. It is believed that therein lies the source of the problem because the doctrine incorporates the assumptions of the larger society. Thus, informed consent has been reexamined, reinterpreted, and even abandoned as unworkable.

scholarly journals Resurrecting the Role of the Product Market Wedge in Recessions

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 1118-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Bils ◽  
Peter J. Klenow ◽  
Benjamin A. Malin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Place ◽  
The Self ◽  
Intermediate Inputs ◽  
Matching Frictions ◽  
Labor Wedge ◽  
Sticky Wages

Employment and hours are more cyclical than dictated by productivity and consumption. This intratemporal labor wedge can arise from product or labor market distortions. Based on employee wages, the literature has attributed the intratemporal wedge almost entirely to labor market distortions. Because wages may be smoothed versions of labor's true cyclical price, we instead examine the self-employed and intermediate inputs, respectively. For recent decades in the United States, we find price markup movements are at least as cyclical as wage markup movements. Thus, countercyclical price markups deserve a central place in business-cycle research, alongside sticky wages and matching frictions. (JEL E24, E32, E63, J31, J41)

Raciolinguistic ideology and Spanish-English bilingualism on the US labor market: An analysis of online job advertisements

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Close Subtirelu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Market Value ◽  
The United States ◽  
Assigned Value ◽  
The Us ◽  
Job Advertisements ◽  
United States Labor Market

AbstractMultilingualism is often framed as human capital that increases individuals’ labor market value. Such assertions overlook the role of ideology in assigning value to languages and their speakers based on factors other than communicative utility. This article explores the value assigned to Spanish-English bilingualism on the United States labor market through a mixed methods analysis of online job advertisements. Findings suggest that Spanish-English bilingualism is frequently preferred or required for employment in the US, but that such employment opportunities are less lucrative. The results suggest a penalty associated with Spanish-English bilingualism in which positions listing such language requirements advertise lower wages than observationally similar positions. Quantitative disparities and qualitative differences in the specification of language requirements across income levels suggest that bilingual labor is assigned value through a racial lens that leads to linguistic work undertaken by and for US Latinxs being assigned less value. (Multilingualism, labor market, Spanish in the United States, economics of language, raciolinguistics, human capital)*

scholarly journals Immigration System, Labor Market Structures, and Overeducation of High-Skilled Immigrants in the United States and Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1072-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Lu ◽  
Feng Hou
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point System ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Skilled Immigrants ◽  
Market Structures ◽  
National Differences

Why do high-skilled Canadian immigrants lag behind their US counterparts in labor-market outcomes, despite Canada’s merit-based immigration selection system and more integrative context? This article investigates a mismatch between immigrants’ education and occupations, operationalized by overeducation, as an explanation. Using comparable data and three measures of overeducation, we find that university-educated immigrant workers in Canada are consistently much more likely to be overeducated than their US peers and that the immigrant–native gap in the overeducation rate is remarkably higher in Canada than in the United States. This article further examines how the cross-national differences are related to labor-market structures and selection mechanisms for immigrants. Whereas labor-market demand reduces the likelihood of immigrant overeducation in both countries, the role of supply-side factors varies: a higher supply of university-educated immigrants is positively associated with the likelihood of overeducation in Canada, but not in the United States, pointing to an oversupply of high-skilled immigrants relative to Canada’s smaller economy. Also, in Canada the overeducation rate is significantly lower for immigrants who came through employer selection (i.e., those who worked in Canada before obtaining permanent residence) than for those admitted directly from abroad through the point system. Overall, the findings suggest that a merit-based immigration system likely works better when it takes into consideration domestic labor-market demand and the role of employer selection.

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