scholarly journals Emerging Currency Blocs

10.3386/w4335 ◽  
1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Frankel ◽  
Shang-Jin Wei
Keyword(s):  
Currency Blocs

Living Around the Bloc: Lessons from Canada for Small Countries

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-142
Author(s):  
Lawrence Schembri
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
The United States ◽  
Flexible Exchange Rate ◽  
Major Trading Partner ◽  
Small Countries ◽  
The Face ◽  
Global Shocks ◽  
Currency Blocs

The paper examines the range of currency and exchange rate regimes choices facing small countries living next to large currency blocs, such as the euro area and the United States. It draws on Canada's successful experience in the 1990s with a flexible exchange rate and explicit inflation targets to argue that such a monetary rule may be the appropriate policy alternative for small countries in this situation such as the United Kingdom or Norway, that are unwilling to surrender their national currency or their monetary independence for economic or political reasons. Because the Canadian economy is more dependent on the production of natural resource products than the economy of its major trading partner, the United States, Canada's flexible exchange rate plays a valuable role in helping to stabilise the Canadian economy in the face of global shocks to natural resource prices.

scholarly journals Reserve Currency Blocs: A Changing International Monetary System?

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo Tovar Mora ◽  
Tania Mohd Nor ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Monetary System ◽  
Reserve Currency ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
Currency Blocs

“Euro”-Währungsblöcke als Alternative zur europäischen Einheitswährung

1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Rübel
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Union ◽  
European Monetary Union ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Monetary Integration ◽  
Time Schedule ◽  
European Monetary ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Class Society ◽  
Currency Blocs ◽  
Parallel Integration

AbstractDue to both several criteria for participating in a European Monetary Union and a fixed schedule the process of monetary integration in Europe is stuck in a dilemma. Watering down these conditions would cause problems concerning both stability and acceptance, whereas giving up the time schedule could postpone the project of a European Monetary Union into the unknown future. However, if the monetary union only starts with a few countries, a multi class society will be the result. Due to several reasons this raises the danger of division and of the end of the whole process of European integration. As a solution to this dilemma a parallel integration into currency blocs is proposed. With an optimal number of these “Euro”-blocs it would be possible to benefit from monetary integration without having to give up the stabilizing effects of different currencies.

The Gold-Exchange Standard and Imperial Competition in China, 1901–1905

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-86
Author(s):  
Austin Dean
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Symbolic Meanings ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Foreign Control ◽  
Currency Blocs ◽  
Zhang Zhidong

This chapter examines the intellectual and policy debates among Qing officials about the dynasty's place in the world monetary system. It recounts the continued shift to the gold and gold-exchange standard in the late nineteenth century that occurred in the background of changing economic and political conditions. It also discusses the emergence of currency blocs tied to the pound, dollar, and yen, and the falling price of silver after the Boxer Indemnity in 1901. The chapter identifies figures in China that understood the gold-exchange standard's practical, economic, and symbolic meanings in different ways, such as Zhang Zhidong, who believed that adopting the gold-exchange standard would extend foreign control of Chinese finances. It covers the periodic financial panics, falling prices, and a general move to the gold and gold-exchange standards that defined the global political economy of the late nineteenth century.

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