scholarly journals The Effect of State Taxes on the Geographical Location of Top Earners: Evidence from Star Scientists

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Moretti ◽  
Daniel Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Star Scientists ◽  
State Taxes

scholarly journals The Effect of State Taxes on the Geographical Location of Top Earners: Evidence from Star Scientists

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (7) ◽  
pp. 1858-1903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Moretti ◽  
Daniel J. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Income Taxes ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Investment Tax Credit ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Star Scientists ◽  
Business Tax ◽  
State Taxes

We quantify how sensitive is migration by star scientists to changes in personal and business tax differentials across states. We uncover large, stable, and precisely estimated effects of personal and corporate taxes on star scientists' migration patterns. The long-run elasticity of mobility relative to taxes is 1.8 for personal income taxes, 1.9 for state corporate income tax, and −1.7 for the investment tax credit. While there are many other factors that drive when innovative individuals and innovative companies decide to locate, there are enough firms and workers on the margin that state taxes matter. (JEL H24, H25, H71, H73, J44, J61, R32)

A tes

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
IJE Manager
Keyword(s):  
Energy Supply ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
A Site ◽  
Selection Methodology

In the past century, fossil fuels have dominated energy supply in Indonesia. However, concerns over emissions are likely to change the future energy supply. As people become more conscious of environmental issues, alternatives for energy are sought to reduce the environmental impacts. These include renewable energy (RE) sources such as solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, most RE sources like solar PV are not available continuously since they depend on weather conditions, in addition to geographical location. Bali has a stable and long sunny day with 12 hours of daylight throughout the year and an average insolation of 5.3 kWh/m2 per day. This study looks at the potential for on-grid solar PV to decarbonize energy in Bali. A site selection methodology using GIS is applied to measure solar PV potential. Firstly, the study investigates the boundaries related to environmental acceptability and economic objectives for land use in Bali. Secondly, the potential of solar energy is estimated by defining the suitable areas, given the technical assumptions of solar PV. Finally, the study extends the analysis to calculate the reduction in emissions when the calculated potential is installed. Some technical factors, such as tilting solar, and intermittency throughout the day, are outside the scope of this study. Based on this model, Bali has an annual electricity potential for 32-53 TWh from solar PV using amorphous thin-film silicon as the cheapest option. This potential amount to three times the electricity supply for the island in 2024 which is estimated at 10 TWh. Bali has an excessive potential to support its own electricity demand with renewables, however, some limitations exist with some trade-offs to realize the idea. These results aim to build a developmental vision of solar PV systems in Bali based on available land and the region’s irradiation.

Visual Elements of "Semar Calligraphy" on Cirebon Glass Painting of Kusdono’s Work

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Yayah Rukiah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Qualitative Research Methods ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Arabic Calligraphy ◽  
Main Figure ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This research is focused on the visual elements contained on Kusdono's Cirebon glass painting. The writer uses descriptive qualitative research methods to examine the visual elements, with the technique of collecting data from books and journals that relates to the research object. The purpose of this study is to examine and find the meaning of Cirebon glass paintings. The results of this research are Semar as the main figure in the clown who always do good, keep the truth and obey the tenet that closely related to Islam. Arabic calligraphy reinforces Semar's figure. On the Cirebon glass painting, there are many mega mendung ornaments and wadasan which are Cirebon batik motifs, as well as the colors used in the coastal colors due to the geographical location of Cirebon City near the beach.  

Shifting perspectives: method, media and the complex image

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 100-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Colson ◽  
Ross Parry
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Complex Image ◽  
Cultural Resonance

This article argues that the analysis of a threedimensional image demanded a three-dimensional approach. The authors realise that discussions of images and image processing inveterately conceptualise representation as being flat, static, and finite. The authors recognise the need for a fresh acuteness to three-dimensionality as a meaningful – although problematic – element of visual sources. Two dramatically different examples are used to expose the shortcomings of an ingrained two-dimensional approach and to facilitate a demonstration of how modern (digital) techniques could sanction new historical/anthropological perspectives on subjects that have become all too familiar. Each example could not be more different in their temporal and geographical location, their cultural resonance, and their historiography. However, in both these visual spectacles meaning is polysemic. It is dependent upon the viewer's spatial relationship to the artifice as well as the spirito-intellectual viewer within the community. The authors postulate that the multi- faceted and multi-layered arrangement of meaning in a complex image could be assessed by working beyond the limitations of the two-dimensional methodological paradigm and by using methods and media that accommodated this type of interconnectivity and representation.

Globally endangered butterflies (Lepidoptera) protected in the natural reserve «Dniprovsko-Orilsky»

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
K. K. Holoborodko ◽  
V. O. Makhina ◽  
K. S. Buchnieva ◽  
O. E. Pakhomov
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Red List ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Western Palearctic ◽  
Mediterranean Origin ◽  
Northern Species

Floodplain valley of the Dnieper river midstream is a unique natural complex, having a great bìogeographical, ecological, environmental, historical and recreational values. In 1990, the Natural reserve «Dniprovsko-Orilsky» was established within the area. The Natural reserve «Dniprovsko-Orilsky» is environmentally protected site within the Dnipropetrovsk region, Dnipropetrovsk oblast, Ukraine. This reserve occupies part of the Dnieper river valley and marshy and reedy banks of Protovch river (existing bed of Oril river). It was created by Regulation of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of 15 September 1990, No. 262, based on common zoological and ornitological Nature reserves «Taromskì plavni» and «Obukhovskie zaplavy». On the territory of the Natural reserve «Dniprovsko-Orilsky», they were registered 32 Lepidoptera species listed in the List of Threatened Species at different categories (5 species in IUCN Red List ; 18 in Red Data Book of Ukraine; 7 in European Red List of plants and animals endangered on a global scale; 31 in Red Book of Dnipropetrovsk oblast). The main scientific materials were author’s collections from area of research and materials of entomological funds, Department of Zoology and Ecology, Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University (mostly Memorial Collection of V. O. Barsov). Field surveys covered all the ecosystems basic on size and degree of protection. The author’s researches have conducted over the past decade during annual expeditions to the Reserve. Taxonomic structure of the complex is quite diverse, and represented by all the major families of higher millers and rhopalocera, having protectedstatus. In relation to taxonomy, this complex formed by representatives of five superfamilies (Zyganoidea, Noctuoidea, Bombycoidea, Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea) from 11 families (Zygaenidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae, Noctuidae Arctiidae Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Satyridae, Lycaenidae). High taxonomic diversity can be explained by unique geographical location of the reserve in azonal conditions of the Dnieper river valley. Such location allows to enter different zoogeographic Lepidoptera groups on the reserve territory. Zoogeographic analysis of species protected within the reserve territory selected 7 basic groups. It was found that most of the globally rare species have Mediterranean origin (39 %); species of Palearctic origin are in second place (22 %); Western Palearctic and Ponto-Kazakh types of areas are same of number of species, and come third (11 %); and others come 17 % (European, Euro-Siberian, and Holarctic). This fauna component is specific due to presence of so-called «northern» species that make up 40 % (representatives of Palearctic, Western Palearctic, Euro-Siberian, European and Holarctic groups). Their existence within the reserve territory is only possible due to development of boreal valley ecosystems. High taxonomic diversity can be explained by unique geographical location of the reserve in azonal conditions of the Dnieper river valley. Such location allows to enter different zoogeographic Lepidoptera groups on the reserve territory. Zoogeographic analysis of species protected within the reserve territory selected 7 basic groups. It was found that most of the globally rare species have Mediterranean origin (39 %); species of Palearctic origin are in second place (22 %); Western Palearctic and Ponto-Kazakh types of areas are same of number of species, and come third (11 %); and others come 17 % (European, Euro-Siberian, and Holarctic). This fauna component is specific due to presence of so-called «northern» species that make up 40 % (representatives of Palearctic, Western Palearctic, Euro-Siberian, European and Holarctic groups). Their existence within the reserve territory is only possible due to development of boreal valley ecosystems.

The Influence of Geographical Factors on Extreme Rainfalls in Lampung Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
M Welly
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Ungauged Basin ◽  
Flood Discharge ◽  
Design Rainfall ◽  
Geographical Factors

Many people in Indonesia calculate design rainfall before calculating the design flooddischarge. The design rainfall with a certain return period will eventually be convertedinto a design flood discharge by combining it with the characteristics of the watershed.However, the lack of a network of rainfall recording stations makes many areas that arenot hydrologically measured (ungauged basin), so it is quite difficult to know thecharacteristics of rain in the area concerned. This study aims to analyze thecharacteristics of design rainfall in Lampung Province. The focus of the analysis is toinvestigate whether geographical factors influence the design rainfall that occurs in theparticular area. The data used in this study is daily rainfall data from 15 rainfallrecording stations spread in Lampung Province. The method of frequency analysis usedin this study is the Gumbel method. The research shows that the geographical location ofan area does not have significant effect on extreme rainfall events. The effect of risingearth temperatures due to natural exploitation by humans tends to be stronger as a causeof extreme events such as extreme rainfall.Keywords: Influence, geographical, factors, extreme, rainfall.

Parafia unicka w Rachaniach do 1811 roku/ The Uniate Parish in Rachanie until 1811

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Adam Frykowski
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Holy Communion ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church ◽  
Ancillary Equipment

AbstractThe following paper depicts the history of Saint Simeon Stylites Uniate Parish in Rachanie since it became known in historical sources until 1811- that is the time it ceased to be an independent church unit. The introduction of the article contains the geographical location of the parish, its size and the position within the hierarchical structure of the Church. Having analysed post-visit inspection protocols left by Chelm Bishops, the appearance as well as fittings and ancillary equipment of the church in Rachanie in that particular period are reported. Moreover, the list of 4 local clergymen is recreated and their benefice is determined. As far as possible, both the number of worshipers and the number of Holy Communion receivers is determined.

Miasto jako labirynt. Obraz Tel-Aviwu-Jaffy w „Piotrusiu” Leo Lipskiego

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-341
Author(s):  
Beata Tarnowska
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Narrative Perspective

Summary This article examines the urban themes in Leo Lipski’s micro-novel Piotruś: An ApocryphalTale from 1960. The narrative relies on both traditional realism (for the most part) and the 20thcentury subjective point-of-view technique to represent urban space, which in this case belongs to be a well-defined geographical location. The use of personalized narrative perspective turns the urban space of Tel Aviv-Jafa - heterogeneous and subject to differing assessments - into a labyrinth, closed, dense, expanding horizontally, chthonic, and alien.

A methodology for computing and assessing the transport accessibility index: The Russian Federation subjects case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 2410-2426
Author(s):  
A.N. Savrukov ◽  
N.T. Savrukov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Russian Federation

Subject. This article examines the set of economic relations and problems emerging within the spatial development of settlements and constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Objectives. The article aims to develop key indicators and methods for assessing transport accessibility, potential market capacity, taking into account socio-economic characteristics, geographical location and the level of connectivity of areas. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of economic, statistical analysis and synthesis, comparison, and the k-means method. Results. The article proposes a system of cost-benefit equations for economic agents, and criteria, and a methodology for assessing the Transport Accessibility Index. Based on the clustering of Russian subjects by k-means, the article describes four groups of regions by level of transport accessibility. Conclusions and Relevance. The practical use of the approach presented to assess the Transport Accessibility Index will help form the basis for management decisions aimed at improving efficiency in the planning of spatial development and assessing the socio-economic effects of the proposed measures. The developed Transport Accessibility Index should be used as part of the analysis and monitoring of the effectiveness of infrastructure expenditures affecting changes in the transport accessibility of settlements within individual regions (municipalities).

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