scholarly journals No copper supplementation in a corn-soybean basal diet has no adverse effects on late-phase laying hens under normal and cyclic high temperatures

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 1352-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.X. Li ◽  
Y.Q. Chen ◽  
L.H. Zhao ◽  
Q.G. Ma ◽  
J.Y. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Copper Supplementation

Effects of dietary copper supplementation on performance, egg quality parameters, yolk cholesterol and fatty acid profiles in laying hens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kaya ◽  
A. Kaya ◽  
M. Macit ◽  
S. Çelebi ◽  
Ö. Kaynar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Copper Supplementation ◽  
Yolk Cholesterol

The present study envisaged the effects of different levels of dietary copper supplementation on performance, egg quality parameters, serum and yolk cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and yolk fatty acid profile in laying hens. Total 96 Lohman laying hens (38 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups (n=24 each). Experimental diets were prepared by adding copper (0, 200, 250 or 300 mg/kg) to basal diet and feeding was lasted 12 weeks. Dietary copper supplementation decreased egg weight and feed intake but did not affect other performance parameters compared to the control diet. Shape index, shell weight, shell thickness, yolk color, yolk index, albumen index, and haugh unit were not influenced by dietary copper supplementation, whereas shell strength increased due to the inclusion of copper in the basal diet. Copper supplementation did not affect the fatty acid profile of the egg yolk. The yolk cholesterol ratio decreased by 7.22% in the presence of 250 mg/kg copper supplementation compared to control diet. Therefore, high levels of dietary copper supplementation in the diet of laying hens can be beneficial for improving shell strength and reducing the cholesterol content of the yolk.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Dry Hydrastis canadensis on Laying Performance, Egg Quality, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Cecal Microbiota in Laying Hens

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1381
Author(s):  
Tzuen-Rong J Tzeng ◽  
Tzu-Yu Liu ◽  
Chiao-Wei Lin ◽  
Pei-En Chang ◽  
Pei-Xin Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hydrastis Canadensis ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Cecal Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Alternative growth promoters are able to not only effectively replace the traditional use of antibiotics but also provide additional health benefits for livestock and reduce food safety concerns. This study investigated the effects of dry Hydrastis canadensis on the laying performance and fecal microbial community of laying hens. Twenty-four Lohmann (LSL, white layer strain) hens were reared from 40 to 48 weeks of age and randomly allotted to four dietary treatments (six birds/treatment). The dietary treatments comprised a basal diet with no treatment as control, a basal diet plus 0.6% powder of dry Hydrastis canadensis roots (R) or leaves (L), and a basal diet plus 0.6% powder of a mixture of dry Hydrastis canadensis roots and leaves (1:1, LR). No mortality was observed in the whole experimental period. The results indicated that albumen height in the LR group was significantly greater than that in the control group. The diet supplemented with Hydrastis canadensis had no significant effects on egg production rate, egg weight, eggshell strength, eggshell thickness, Haugh unit, or yolk height during the whole experimental phase. However, principal coordinate analysis, comparative heat map analysis, and cluster dendrogram analysis of cecal microbiota showed distinct clusters among the groups treated with Hydrastis canadensis and the control group. Regarding blood biochemical parameters, serum cholesterol levels were significantly lower in all Hydrastis canadensis-treated groups compared with those in the control group. Moreover, serum low-density lipoprotein levels were lower in hens supplemented with the leaf of Hydrastis canadensis. The abundances of the phyla Fusobacteria and Kiritimatiellaeota were increased (p < 0.05) in laying hens fed with 0.6% Hydrastis canadensis leaves, whereas the abundance of the phylum Firmicutes in cecum digesta decreased in response to treatment with Hydrastis canadensis roots and leaves. The relative abundance of the Fusobacterium genus was higher in the LR group compared with that in the control. On the contrary, we found a different trend in the Synergistes genus. The potential influences of these microbiota on the performance of laying hens were discussed. The results demonstrate that Hydrastis canadensis can improve the egg albumen height and modulate the cecum digesta microbiota composition of laying hens.

scholarly journals Mitigation Effects of Bentonite and Yeast Cell Wall Binders on AFB1, DON, and OTA Induced Changes in Laying Hen Performance, Egg Quality, and Health

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Yue Feng ◽  
Jing-Tao Wei ◽  
Meng-Xiang Zhu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Induced Changes

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of mycotoxin binders in reducing the adverse effects of co-occurring dietary aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON) and ochratoxin A (OTA) on laying hens. Three hundred and sixty 26-week-old Roman laying hens were randomly allocated into four experimental groups with 10 replicates of nine birds each. The four groups received either a basal diet (BD; Control), a BD supplemented with 0.15 mg/kg AFB1 + 1.5 mg/kg DON + 0.12 mg/kg OTA (Toxins), a BD + Toxins with Toxo-HP binder (Toxins + HP), or a BD + Toxins with TOXO XL binder (Toxins + XL) for 12 weeks. Compared to the control, dietary supplementation of mycotoxins decreased (P < 0.10) total feed intake, total egg weight, and egg-laying rate, but increased feed/egg ratio by 2.5–6.1% and mortality during various experimental periods. These alterations induced by mycotoxins were alleviated by supplementation with both TOXO HP and XL binders (P < 0.10). Furthermore, dietary mycotoxins reduced (P < 0.05) eggshell strength by 12.3% and caused an accumulation of 249 μg/kg of DON in eggs at week 12, while dietary supplementation with TOXO HP or XL mitigated DON-induced changes on eggshell strength and prevented accumulation of DON in eggs (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary mycotoxins increased relative liver weight, but decreased spleen and proventriculus relative weights by 11.6–22.4% (P < 0.05). Mycotoxin exposure also increased alanine aminotransferase activity and reduced immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgM, and IgG concentrations in serum by 9.2–26.1% (P < 0.05). Additionally, mycotoxin exposure induced histopathological damage and reduced villus height, villus height/crypt depth, and crypt depth in duodenum, jejunum and (or) ileum (P < 0.05). Notably, most of these histological changes were mitigated by supplementation with both TOXO HP and XL (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the mycotoxin binders TOXO HP and XL can help to mitigate the combined effects of AFB1, DON, and OTA on laying hen performance, egg quality, and health.

scholarly journals Arthrospira Platensis (Spirulina) Supplementation on Laying Hens’ Performance: Eggs Physical, Chemical, and Sensorial Qualities

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omri ◽  
Amraoui ◽  
Tarek ◽  
Lucarini ◽  
Durazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Egg Yolks ◽  
The Impact

The present study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation of spirulina on laying hens’ performances: Eggs’ physical, chemical, and sensorial qualities. A total of 45 Lohman White hens, 44 weeks of age, were randomized into 3 groups of 15 birds. Hens were given 120 g/d of a basal diet containing 0% (control), 1.5%, and 2.5% of spirulina for 6 weeks. Albumen height and consequently Haugh unit were significantly affected by dietary supplementation of spirulina (p < 0.05) and by weeks on diet (p < 0.05). This supplement did not affect (p > 0.05) egg yolk weight or height. However, spirulina increased egg yolk redness (a*) from 1.33 (C) to 12.67 (D1) and 16.19 (D2) and reduced (p < 0.05) the yellowness (b*) parameter from 62.1(C) to 58.17 (D1) and 55.87 (D2). Egg yolks from hens fed spirulina were darker, more red, and less yellow in color than egg yolks from hens fed the control-diet (p < 0.0001). However, spirulina did not affect (p > 0.05) egg yolks’ total cholesterol concentration. In conclusion, a significant enhancement of egg yolk color was found in response to spirulina supplementation. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the impact of spirulina on egg yolks’ fatty acids profile.

scholarly journals 137 Dietary Supplementations of Ethanolamine and Serine Enhance Docosahexaenoic Acid Deposition in Eggs of Laying Hens

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 107-108
Author(s):  
Andrew D Magnuson ◽  
Xingen Lei
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Total Phospholipid ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Dha Enrichment

Abstract Enrichment of docosahexaenoic-acid (DHA) into eggs of laying-hens may be limited by the availability phospholipids as a deposition sink. The present study was to determine if dietary supplementations of phospholipid-component molecules or synthesis-enhancers: choline, serine, and ethanolamine could elevate phospholipid and DHA enrichment in the eggs and tissues of hens. A total of 50-White-Leghorn-Shavers (42-wk old) were individually caged and divided into 5 groups (n = 10/group). The 5 groups of hens were fed the following diets for 3 wk: Diet-1 = a corn soybean-meal basal-diet, Diet-2 = Diet-1 + 4%-microalgae (Aurantiochytrium, Heliae, Gibert, AZ, 1.81 g-DHA/kg) + choline-chloride (26.3 g/kg diet, 60% purity, DSM-Co., Basel, Switzerland), Diet-3 = Diet-2 + 1.41% of L-serine (100% purity, Ajinomoto-Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan), Diet-4 = Diet-2 + 100 mg of ethanolamine/kg (99% purity, Sigma-Aldirch-Co., St Loius, MO), and Diet-5 = Diet-3 + 100 mg of ethanolamine/kg. At the end of study, eggs, liver, ovary, and adipose samples were collected from 6 hens/group for biochemical analysis. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Compared with Diet-1, Diet-2 enhanced (P &lt; 0.05) DHA concentrations in egg yolk and liver by 213 mg/egg and 2.98 mg/g tissue, respectively, but decreased (P &lt; 0.05) total phospholipid-concentrations of yolk and liver by 50%, and hepatic-mRNA levels of elongases-2/5 and desaturases-4/6 by 25–50%. Compared with Diet-2, Diet-5 enhanced (P &lt; 0.05) DHA (by 20%) and phospholipid (by 40%) concentrations in the egg yolk, and upregulated (P &lt; 0.05) lipid-metabolism genes involved in the citicoline (CDP, up-to-3-fold) and CDP-ethanolamine (up-to-2.5-fold) pathways in the liver and ovary-tissue. In comparison, Diets-3 and 4 resulted in only 3–11% higher (P &lt; 0.05) DHA-concentrations in the liver over Diet-2. In conclusion, feeding hens a high DHA and choline diet enriched DHA in the egg yolk and down-regulated lipogenesis-gene-expression in the tissues. Supplementing the diet with extra-serine and ethanolamine further-enhanced the DHA enrichment in the egg yolk and restored the high DHA-mediated changes in the gene-expression. (Supported in part by DOE-MAGIC-grant DE-EE0007091, USDA-grant 2019-69012-29905, and Cornell-University-Hatch-grants NYC-127419/127302).

scholarly journals Alpha-Ketoglutarate: An Effective Feed Supplement in Improving Bone Metabolism and Muscle Quality of Laying Hens: A Preliminary Study

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2420
Author(s):  
Ewa Tomaszewska ◽  
Sylwester Świątkiewicz ◽  
Anna Arczewska-Włosek ◽  
Dorota Wojtysiak ◽  
Piotr Dobrowolski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Laying Performance

The aim of the experiment was to assess the effect of dietary alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) supplementation on performance, serum hormonal indices, duodenum and jejunum histomorphometry, meat quality characteristics, bone quality traits and cartilage degradation in laying hens with a mature skeletal system. Forty-eight 30 week-old Bovans Brown laying hens were randomly assigned to a control group or the group fed the basal diet plus 1.0% AKG. The experimental trial lasted 30 weeks. The supplementation of AKG increases blood serum content of leptin, ghrelin, bone alkaline phosphatate and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand, while osteoprotegerin and osteocalcin decrease. While dietary AKG was given to laying hens negatively influenced villus length, crypt depth, villus/crypt ratio and absorptive surface area in duodenum and jejunum, these changes have no effect on feed intake, weight gain, nor laying performance. In breast muscles, no significant changes in skeletal muscle fatty acid composition were observed, however, a higher shear force and decreased cholesterol content following AKG supplementation were noted, showing the improvement of muscle quality. While dietary AKG supplementation did not affect the general geometric and mechanical properties of the tibia, it increased collagen synthesis and enhanced immature collagen content. In medullary bone, an increase of bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, fractal dimension and decrease of trabecular space were observed in AKG supplemented group. The trabeculae in bone metaphysis were also significantly thicker after AKG supplementation. AKG promoted fibrillogenesis in articular cartilage, as indicated by increased cartilage oligomeric matrix protein immunoexpression. By improving the structure and maintaining the proper bone turnover rate of highly reactive and metabolically active medullar and trabecular bones AKG showed its anti-osteoporotic action in laying hens.

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