scholarly journals Effects of dietary protein source on the digestive enzyme activities and electrolyte composition in the small intestinal fluid of chickens

2012 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 1641-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.Q. Ren ◽  
F. Zhao ◽  
H.Z. Tan ◽  
J.T. Zhao ◽  
J.Z. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Electrolyte Composition ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Intestinal Fluid ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Dietary Protein Source

scholarly journals The effect of dietary protein source and guar gum on gastrointestinal growth and enteroglucagon secretion in the rat

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Southon ◽  
Jennifer M. Gee ◽  
I. T. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Endocrine Activity ◽  
Intestinal Length ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Dietary Protein Source

1. Male Wistar rats (approximately 100 g) were given fibre-free semi-synthetic diets containing either casein or albumin (168 g/kg diet) as the protein source with or without guar gum (75 g/kg diet) (casein, albumin, casein- guar gum and albumin-guar gum groups).2. Small intestinal length, weights of caecal tissue and contents and plasma enteroglucagon concentration were significantly increased in guar-gum-fed animals compared with the fibre-free groups.3. Total caecal weight and plasma enteroglucagon concentration were higher in the albumin-guar gum group compared with the casein-guar gum group. The weights of caecal tissue and contents were significantly increased in rats given the fibre-free albumin diet compared with those consuming a similar diet with casein as the protein source, although daily food intake tended to be lower.4. It is concluded that the effect of materials classed as dietary fibre may be significantly influenced by the non- polysaccharide component of the diet, and that such interactions may influence both the growth and endocrine activity of the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals PSIX-7 Grazing toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue does not influence pancreatic or small intestinal digestive enzyme activities in beef steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 410-411
Author(s):  
Ronald J Trotta ◽  
James L Klotz ◽  
James Matthews ◽  
Kendall C Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Intestinal Protein ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities ◽  
Small Intestinal

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to determine the influence of toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue exposure on pancreatic and small intestinal digestive enzyme activities in steers. Twelve fescue-naive beef steers [693 ± 42.7 kg of body weight (BW)] were stratified by BW and randomly assigned within BW ranks to graze non-toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue (NTE, n = 6; 0.01 ± 0.009 mg ergovaline + ergovalinine/kg) or toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue (TE, n = 6; 0.50 ± 0.048 mg ergovaline + ergovalinine/kg) pastures for 84 d. After the grazing period, steers were weighed and then slaughtered in three groups for tissue collection. A 1-m segment of the small intestine was collected 5-m distal to the pyloric sphincter. Subsamples of the small intestinal mucosa and pancreas were collected, homogenized in saline, and assayed for protein concentration. Pancreatic and small intestinal digestive enzyme activities were assayed. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS as a randomized complete block design for effects of treatment and slaughter group (blocking factor). Steers grazing NTE pastures had a greater (P < 0.001) average daily gain (0.282 vs -0.631 kg/d) and final BW at slaughter (739 vs 620 kg) than steers grazing TE pastures. Small intestinal segment mass and mucosal density (P ≥ 0.16) were not influenced by treatment. Grazing TE pasture did not influence (P ≥ 0.21) pancreatic or small intestinal protein concentrations. Pancreatic α-amylase and trypsin activity per gram pancreas (P ≥ 0.21) or per gram pancreatic protein (P ≥ 0.30) were not influenced by fescue treatment. Small intestinal glucoamylase, isomaltase, and maltase activities did not differ between steers grazing NTE or TE pastures when expressed per gram of intestinal tissue (P ≥ 0.47) or per gram of intestinal protein (P ≥ 0.60). These data indicate that decreased gains observed in cattle consuming TE are not a result of decreased pancreatic or small intestinal digestive enzyme activities.

scholarly journals Effect of varying protein levels on growth and digestive enzyme activities of pengba Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes, 1844)

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ramesh ◽  
K. Dube ◽  
A. K. Reddy ◽  
P. V. Rangacharyulu ◽  
G. Venkateshwarlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities

Pengba, Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes, 1844) is considered as one of the candidate species for diversification of aquaculture. However, only scanty information is available on its nutrient requirements. Hence, the present study was conducted on growth and digestive enzyme activities of pengba fry in response to different dietary protein levels. Six semi-purified isocaloric diets were formulated with different levels of protein at 5% increments (25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50%) and fed to different groups of pengba fry for a period of 60 days. Survival of fish was significantly influenced by different protein levels (p<0.05). The highest weight gain% and specific growth rate (4.17% day-1) was obtained at 45% protein level which thereafter declined. The best feed conversion ratio (1.46) was observed at 45% protein level and the highest protein efficiency ratio (2.14) was obtained at 25% protein levelwith significant difference (p<0.05). The crude protein content of fish was significantly affected by dietary protein levels (p<0.05) and highest was recorded at 45% protein diet. Moisture, ether extract and ash content did not show significant (p>0.05) variation among dietary treatments. The activity of proteolytic enzymes (proteases, typsin and chymotrypsin) and acid phosphatase were signicantly (p<0.05) enhanced by dietary protein levels up to 45%, which were found to decline thereafter. Amylase activity was significantly decreased as protein levels increased in the diet. Lipase and alkaline phosphatase activities were not influenced by dietary protein levels. In the present study, penbga fry fed with 45% protein diet, showed the best growth performance and highest digestive enzyme activities. The activity of digestive enzymes in the gut clearly demonstrated that the proteolytic enzymes are activated in response to dietary protein utilisation and also revealed that pengba fry may require high protein (45%) diet for better growth and survival. Second order polynomial regression analysis revealed that the maximum protein requirement of pengba fry was 45.1% (r2 = 0.90). The findings of the study is expected to have significant implications for feed development for pengba aquaculture.

scholarly journals Comparison of Digestive Enzyme Activities and Expression of Small Intestinal Transporter Genes in Jinhua and Landrace Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuting Liu ◽  
Wentao Lyu ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Kaikai Lv ◽  
Fen Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Ileal Mucosa ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities ◽  
Small Intestinal

Digestive enzyme activity is involved in the regulation of growth performance because digestive enzymes function to improve the feed efficiency by digestion and in turn to modulate the process of nutrient metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate the differences of the digestive enzyme activities and expression of nutrient transporters in the intestinal tract between Jinhua and Landrace pigs and to explore the potential breed-specificity in digestion and absorption. The pancreas segments and the digesta and mucosa of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were collected from 10 Jinhua pigs and Landrace pigs, respectively. The activities of trypsin, chymotrypsin, amylase, maltase, sucrase, and lipase were measured and the expression levels of PepT1, GLUT2, SGLT1, FABP1, FABP2, and FABP4 were examined. Results showed that the trypsin activity in the pancreas of Jinhua pigs was higher than that in Landrace pigs, but was lower in the small intestine, except for in the jejunal mucosa. The chymotrypsin activity in the small intestine of Jinhua pigs was higher than that in Landrace pigs, except for in jejunal mucosa and contents. Compared with Landrace pigs, the amylase and maltase activity in the small intestine of Jinhua pigs was lower, except for in ileal mucosa. The sucrase activity in the small intestine of Jinhua pigs was also lower than Landrace pigs, except for in jejunal mucosa. Furthermore, the lipase activity in the small intestine of Jinhua pigs was higher than that in Landrace pigs. The mRNA levels of PepT1 and GLUT2 in duodenal, jejunal and ileal mucosa showed no difference between Jinhua and Landrace pigs, whereas SGLT1 in ileal mucosa was lower in Jinhua pigs. The mRNA levels of FABP1, FABP2 and FABP4 in the small intestinal mucosa of Jinhua pigs were higher than in Landrace pigs. These findings indicate that there is a certain difference in the digestibility and absorption of nutrients in small intestine of Jinhua and Landrace pigs, partially resulting in their differences in growth development and fat deposition.

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